A new high-efficiency farming method of global significance, Fenlong tech- nique capable of making soil fertile, increasing yield and improving ecological envi- ronment was introduced; and the Fenlong technique could ...A new high-efficiency farming method of global significance, Fenlong tech- nique capable of making soil fertile, increasing yield and improving ecological envi- ronment was introduced; and the Fenlong technique could deeply plough and scarify soil with a depth up to 30-50 cm, which is deeper than the depth of tractor tillage, solving the problem of difficulties in deeply ploughing and scarifying soil and keeping soil loose for muttiple seasons. The application to 20 crops in 18 provinces proved that yield could be increased by 10%-30% without increase in chemical fertilizer, quality could be improved by more than 5%, and water storage could be increased by 100%; yield could be increased for multiple seasons sustainably, and the yield of dry-land crops increased by 32.57%-38.2% from the second year to the fourth year; the net benefits of rice increased by 21.82% averagely from the first season to the sixth season; and the usage amount of chemical fertilizer decreased by 0.35-4.29 kg per 100 kg produced grain compared with conventional tillage, with an decrease amplitude of 10.81%-30.99%. It was discussed that the Fenlong technique could maximize friendly permanently-sustainable unitization of ＂natural resources＂ including soil nutrients, water, oxygen and light energy, and has good development potential in multiple fields. It was put forward that if it is popularized in 0.67x108 hm2, pro- ductivity of farmland could be newly increased by 0.1-0.13×10^8 hm2, 5.0 ×10^6 t of chemical fertilizer could be saved, the＇ storage of agricultural water could be in- creased by 3.0×10^10 m3, and increased food could feed 2,0-3.0×10^8 people.展开更多
Deep-sea sediment is extremely important in marine scientific research,such as that concerning marine geology and microbial communities.The research findings are closely related to the in-situ information of the sedim...Deep-sea sediment is extremely important in marine scientific research,such as that concerning marine geology and microbial communities.The research findings are closely related to the in-situ information of the sediment.One prerequisite for investigations of deep-sea sediment is providing sampling techniques capable of preventing distortion during recovery.As the fruit of such sampling techniques,samplers designed for obtaining sediment have become indispensable equipment,owing to their low cost,light weight,compactness,easy operation,and high adaptability to sea conditions.This paper introduces the research and application of typical deep-sea sediment samplers.Then,a representative sampler recently developed in China is analyzed.On this basis,a review and analysis is conducted regarding the key techniques of various deep-sea sediment samplers,including sealing,pressure and temperature retaining,low-disturbance sampling,and no-pressure drop transfer.Then,the shortcomings in the key techniques for deep-sea sediment sampling are identified.Finally,prospects for the future development of key techniques for deep-sea sediment sampling are proposed,from the perspectives of structural diversification,functional integration,intelligent operation,and high-fidelity samples.This paper summarizes the existing samplers in the context of the key techniques mentioned above,and can provide reference for the optimized design of samplers and development of key sampling techniques.展开更多
基金Supported by Special Fund for Basic Scientific Research of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(2014YZ07)Scientific and Technological Transformative Project of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(201405)CARS-12-Seedling Propagation Post~~
文摘A new high-efficiency farming method of global significance, Fenlong tech- nique capable of making soil fertile, increasing yield and improving ecological envi- ronment was introduced; and the Fenlong technique could deeply plough and scarify soil with a depth up to 30-50 cm, which is deeper than the depth of tractor tillage, solving the problem of difficulties in deeply ploughing and scarifying soil and keeping soil loose for muttiple seasons. The application to 20 crops in 18 provinces proved that yield could be increased by 10%-30% without increase in chemical fertilizer, quality could be improved by more than 5%, and water storage could be increased by 100%; yield could be increased for multiple seasons sustainably, and the yield of dry-land crops increased by 32.57%-38.2% from the second year to the fourth year; the net benefits of rice increased by 21.82% averagely from the first season to the sixth season; and the usage amount of chemical fertilizer decreased by 0.35-4.29 kg per 100 kg produced grain compared with conventional tillage, with an decrease amplitude of 10.81%-30.99%. It was discussed that the Fenlong technique could maximize friendly permanently-sustainable unitization of ＂natural resources＂ including soil nutrients, water, oxygen and light energy, and has good development potential in multiple fields. It was put forward that if it is popularized in 0.67x108 hm2, pro- ductivity of farmland could be newly increased by 0.1-0.13×10^8 hm2, 5.0 ×10^6 t of chemical fertilizer could be saved, the＇ storage of agricultural water could be in- creased by 3.0×10^10 m3, and increased food could feed 2,0-3.0×10^8 people.
基金Supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2016YFC0300502)Hunan Provincial Innovation Foundation For Postgraduate(Grant No.CX2018B658)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51705145,517779092)Supported by Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(Grant No.18B205)Hunan Province Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.2019 JJ50182).
文摘Deep-sea sediment is extremely important in marine scientific research,such as that concerning marine geology and microbial communities.The research findings are closely related to the in-situ information of the sediment.One prerequisite for investigations of deep-sea sediment is providing sampling techniques capable of preventing distortion during recovery.As the fruit of such sampling techniques,samplers designed for obtaining sediment have become indispensable equipment,owing to their low cost,light weight,compactness,easy operation,and high adaptability to sea conditions.This paper introduces the research and application of typical deep-sea sediment samplers.Then,a representative sampler recently developed in China is analyzed.On this basis,a review and analysis is conducted regarding the key techniques of various deep-sea sediment samplers,including sealing,pressure and temperature retaining,low-disturbance sampling,and no-pressure drop transfer.Then,the shortcomings in the key techniques for deep-sea sediment sampling are identified.Finally,prospects for the future development of key techniques for deep-sea sediment sampling are proposed,from the perspectives of structural diversification,functional integration,intelligent operation,and high-fidelity samples.This paper summarizes the existing samplers in the context of the key techniques mentioned above,and can provide reference for the optimized design of samplers and development of key sampling techniques.
