Livestock numbers in China have more than tripled between 1980 and 2017.The increase in the number of intensive livestock production systems has created the challenges of decoupled crop and livestock systems,low utili...Livestock numbers in China have more than tripled between 1980 and 2017.The increase in the number of intensive livestock production systems has created the challenges of decoupled crop and livestock systems,low utilization of manures in croplands,and subsequent environmental pollution.Correspondingly,the government has enacted a series of policies and regulations to increase the sustainability of livestock production.This paper reviews the objectives of these policies and regulations and their impacts on manure management.Since 2017 there have been two policy guides to speed up the appropriate use of manures,three action plans for increasing manure recycling,and one technical guide to calculate nutrient balances.Requirements of manure pollution control and recycling for improved environmental performance of livestock production systems were included in three revised environmental laws.Most recent survey data indicate that the utilization of livestock manures was 70%in 2017,including that used as fertilizer and/or for production of energy.The targets for manure utilization are 75%in 2020 and 90%in 2035.To achieve these targets and promote‘green livestock production’,additional changes are needed including the use of third-party enterprises that facilitate manure exchange between farms and a more integrated manure nutrient management approach.展开更多
The introduction of third-party evaluation system and the implementation of third-party evaluation system in poverty alleviation is a major innovation in the targeted poverty alleviation work in China.In order to impr...The introduction of third-party evaluation system and the implementation of third-party evaluation system in poverty alleviation is a major innovation in the targeted poverty alleviation work in China.In order to improve the third-party evaluation mechanism,further improve the efficiency of third-party evaluation,and enhance the effectiveness of targeted poverty alleviation,this paper analyzes and summarizes the main problems existing in the current third-party evaluation practice.In view of the related problems,this paper puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations,which are believed to play a positive role in further promoting the development and improvement of the third-party evaluation of getting rid of poverty.展开更多
基金sponsored by the Central Public-Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(Y2019GH16)China Agricultural Research System(CARS-35-10B),and the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program.We are also grateful to all the anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments on this article.
文摘Livestock numbers in China have more than tripled between 1980 and 2017.The increase in the number of intensive livestock production systems has created the challenges of decoupled crop and livestock systems,low utilization of manures in croplands,and subsequent environmental pollution.Correspondingly,the government has enacted a series of policies and regulations to increase the sustainability of livestock production.This paper reviews the objectives of these policies and regulations and their impacts on manure management.Since 2017 there have been two policy guides to speed up the appropriate use of manures,three action plans for increasing manure recycling,and one technical guide to calculate nutrient balances.Requirements of manure pollution control and recycling for improved environmental performance of livestock production systems were included in three revised environmental laws.Most recent survey data indicate that the utilization of livestock manures was 70%in 2017,including that used as fertilizer and/or for production of energy.The targets for manure utilization are 75%in 2020 and 90%in 2035.To achieve these targets and promote‘green livestock production’,additional changes are needed including the use of third-party enterprises that facilitate manure exchange between farms and a more integrated manure nutrient management approach.
基金Supported by the Construction Project of Party Branch Secretary’s Studio of "Double Leader" Teachers in Colleges and Universities of the Ministry of Education of ChinaThe Project of Party Construction Research of Yunnan University of Finance and Economics
文摘The introduction of third-party evaluation system and the implementation of third-party evaluation system in poverty alleviation is a major innovation in the targeted poverty alleviation work in China.In order to improve the third-party evaluation mechanism,further improve the efficiency of third-party evaluation,and enhance the effectiveness of targeted poverty alleviation,this paper analyzes and summarizes the main problems existing in the current third-party evaluation practice.In view of the related problems,this paper puts forward the corresponding policy recommendations,which are believed to play a positive role in further promoting the development and improvement of the third-party evaluation of getting rid of poverty.
