Radiotherapy(RT)is one of the most feasible and routinely used therapeutic modalities for treating malignant tumors.In particular,immune responses triggered by RT,known as radio-immunotherapy,can partially inhibit the...Radiotherapy(RT)is one of the most feasible and routinely used therapeutic modalities for treating malignant tumors.In particular,immune responses triggered by RT,known as radio-immunotherapy,can partially inhibit the growth of distantly spreading tumors and recurrent tumors.How-ever,the safety and efficacy of radio-immunotherapy is impeded by the radio-resistance and poor immu-nogenicity of tumor.Herein,we report oxaliplatin(IV)-iron bimetallic nanoparticles(OXA/Fe NPs)as cascade sensitizing amplifiers for low-dose and robust radio-immunotherapy.The OXA/Fe NPs exhibit tumor-specific accumulation and activation of OXA(I)and Fe^(2+)in response to the reductive and acidic microenvironment within tumor cells.The cascade reactions of the released metallic drugs can sensitize RT by inducing DNA damage,increasing ROS and O_(2) levels,and amplifying the immunogenic cell death(ICD)effect after RT to facilitate potent immune activation.As a result,OXA/Fe NPs-based low-dose RT triggered a robust immune response and inhibited the distant and metastatic tumors effectively by a strong abscopal effect.Moreover,a long-term immunological memory effect to protect mice from tumor rechal-lenging is observed.Overall,the bimetallic NPs-based cascade sensitizing amplifier system offers an effi-cient radio-immunotherapy regimen that addresses the key challenges.展开更多
BACKGROUND Radiotherapy stands as a promising therapeutic modality for colorectal cancer(CRC);yet,the formidable challenge posed by radio-resistance significantly undermines its efficacy in achieving CRC remission.AIM...BACKGROUND Radiotherapy stands as a promising therapeutic modality for colorectal cancer(CRC);yet,the formidable challenge posed by radio-resistance significantly undermines its efficacy in achieving CRC remission.AIM To elucidate the role played by microRNA-298(miR-298)in CRC radio-resistance.METHODS To establish a radio-resistant CRC cell line,HT-29 cells underwent exposure to 5 gray ionizing radiation that was followed by a 7-d recovery period.The quantification of miR-298 levels within CRC cells was conducted through quantitative RT-PCR,and protein expression determination was realized through Western blotting.Cell viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and proliferation by clonogenic assay.Radio-induced apoptosis was discerned through flow cytometry analysis.RESULTS We observed a marked upregulation of miR-298 in radio-resistant CRC cells.MiR-298 emerged as a key determinant of cell survival following radiation exposure,as its overexpression led to a notable reduction in radiation-induced apoptosis.Intriguingly,miR-298 expression exhibited a strong correlation with CRC cell viability.Further investigation unveiled human dual-specificity tyrosine(Y)-regulated kinase 1A(DYRK1A)as miR-298’s direct target.CONCLUSION Taken together,our findings underline the role played by miR-298 in bolstering radio-resistance in CRC cells by means of DYRK1A downregulation,thereby positioning miR-298 as a promising candidate for mitigating radioresistance in CRC.展开更多
目的探讨NF-κB与放射线诱导的人食管癌细胞上皮间质转化(EMT)间的关系。方法累积照射食管癌Eca109细胞60 Gy,得到Eca109R60细胞,克隆形成实验检测其放射抵抗性,显微镜下观察细胞形态学变化。Real-time PCR和免疫细胞化学检测Eca109和Ec...目的探讨NF-κB与放射线诱导的人食管癌细胞上皮间质转化(EMT)间的关系。方法累积照射食管癌Eca109细胞60 Gy,得到Eca109R60细胞,克隆形成实验检测其放射抵抗性,显微镜下观察细胞形态学变化。Real-time PCR和免疫细胞化学检测Eca109和Eca109R60细胞NF-κB、E-cadherin和Vimentin的表达情况。结果 Eca109R60细胞具备了EMT样表型且放射抵抗性更强。Eca109R60细胞中E-cadherin m RNA表达明显下调(P=0.003),Vimentin、NF-κB m RNA表达升高(P=0.004,P=0.004)。相关性分析显示NF-κB与E-cadherin m RNA表达呈负相关,与Vimentin未见有明显相关性,但已显示出正相关的趋势。免疫细胞化学法检测Eca109R60细胞E-cadherin阳性染色程度明显减弱,Vimentin、NF-κB p65阳性染色程度明显增强。结论 Eca109R60细胞放射抗性可能由EMT与NF-κB信号通路相互作用调控。展开更多
Objective:To develop new biomarkers for radio-resistance in colorectal cancer(CRC)to improve radiotherapy efficacy at lower position and late phase of CRC patients.Methods:The human CRC cell lines were irradiated by a...Objective:To develop new biomarkers for radio-resistance in colorectal cancer(CRC)to improve radiotherapy efficacy at lower position and late phase of CRC patients.Methods:The human CRC cell lines were irradiated by a total dose of 40 Gy.RAN-seq screened differentially expressed genes(DEGs)related to radio-resistance.We orientated the genes which play a vital role in radioresistance by bio-informatics analysis.Ultimately,the genetic expressions were verified by qPCR.Results:3,823radio-resistance genes were found in RKO cells and 4,057 DEGs were in HCT116 cells,compared with the same type cells without radiation treatment.Data of enrichment analysis showed that DEGs obtained from two cell lines were mainly involved in cell cycle,cell division,cell skeleton,cell adhesion,DNA replication,DNA damage and DNA repair,and enrichment of glycometabolism,p53 and HIF-1 signaling pathways.The 10 candidate biomarkers were predicted according to the interaction with each other,and 5 genes(CD44,CXCL-8,ITGA5,ITGB8 and STAT1)were confirmed markedly up-regulated in two cell lines.Conclusion:Radio-resistance of CRC cells induced by X-irradiation changed the variety of genes expression,and those nodes among these genes network interaction may play core regulatory roles,which will provide new therapeutic strategies for clinical radiotherapy。展开更多
To investigate effects of nitric oxide on cellular radio-sensitivity, three human glioma cell lines, i.e. A172, A172 transfected green fluorescence protein (EGFP) gene (EA172) and A172 transfected inducible nitric oxi...To investigate effects of nitric oxide on cellular radio-sensitivity, three human glioma cell lines, i.e. A172, A172 transfected green fluorescence protein (EGFP) gene (EA172) and A172 transfected inducible nitric oxide synthesis (iNOS) gene (iA172), were irradiated by 12C6+ ions to 0, 1 or 2Gy. Productions of nitric oxide and glutathione (GSH) in A172, EA172 and iA172 were determined by chemical methods, cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry at the 24th hour after irradiation, and survival fraction of the cells was measured by colorimetric MTT assay at the 5th day after irradiation. The results showed that the concentrations of nitric oxide and GSH in iA172 were significantly higher than in A172 and EA172; the G2/M stage arrest induced by the 12C6+ ion irradiation was observed in A172 and EA172 but not in iA172 at the 24th hour after exposure; and the survival fraction of iA172 was higher than that of EA172 and iA172. Data suggest that the radio-sensitivity of the A172 was reduced after the iNOS gene transfection. The increase of GSH production and the change of cellular signals such as the cell cycle control induced by nitric oxide may be involved in this radio-resistance.展开更多
基金This work is supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22275081,and 82372117)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2021B1515120065,China)+2 种基金Guangzhou Science and Technology Bureau(202206010068)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(E2023205004,China)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M711532 and 2022T150302).
文摘Radiotherapy(RT)is one of the most feasible and routinely used therapeutic modalities for treating malignant tumors.In particular,immune responses triggered by RT,known as radio-immunotherapy,can partially inhibit the growth of distantly spreading tumors and recurrent tumors.How-ever,the safety and efficacy of radio-immunotherapy is impeded by the radio-resistance and poor immu-nogenicity of tumor.Herein,we report oxaliplatin(IV)-iron bimetallic nanoparticles(OXA/Fe NPs)as cascade sensitizing amplifiers for low-dose and robust radio-immunotherapy.The OXA/Fe NPs exhibit tumor-specific accumulation and activation of OXA(I)and Fe^(2+)in response to the reductive and acidic microenvironment within tumor cells.The cascade reactions of the released metallic drugs can sensitize RT by inducing DNA damage,increasing ROS and O_(2) levels,and amplifying the immunogenic cell death(ICD)effect after RT to facilitate potent immune activation.As a result,OXA/Fe NPs-based low-dose RT triggered a robust immune response and inhibited the distant and metastatic tumors effectively by a strong abscopal effect.Moreover,a long-term immunological memory effect to protect mice from tumor rechal-lenging is observed.Overall,the bimetallic NPs-based cascade sensitizing amplifier system offers an effi-cient radio-immunotherapy regimen that addresses the key challenges.
基金This study was reviewed and approved by the Experimental Animal Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University(Approval No.2023-E386-01).
文摘BACKGROUND Radiotherapy stands as a promising therapeutic modality for colorectal cancer(CRC);yet,the formidable challenge posed by radio-resistance significantly undermines its efficacy in achieving CRC remission.AIM To elucidate the role played by microRNA-298(miR-298)in CRC radio-resistance.METHODS To establish a radio-resistant CRC cell line,HT-29 cells underwent exposure to 5 gray ionizing radiation that was followed by a 7-d recovery period.The quantification of miR-298 levels within CRC cells was conducted through quantitative RT-PCR,and protein expression determination was realized through Western blotting.Cell viability was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay and proliferation by clonogenic assay.Radio-induced apoptosis was discerned through flow cytometry analysis.RESULTS We observed a marked upregulation of miR-298 in radio-resistant CRC cells.MiR-298 emerged as a key determinant of cell survival following radiation exposure,as its overexpression led to a notable reduction in radiation-induced apoptosis.Intriguingly,miR-298 expression exhibited a strong correlation with CRC cell viability.Further investigation unveiled human dual-specificity tyrosine(Y)-regulated kinase 1A(DYRK1A)as miR-298’s direct target.CONCLUSION Taken together,our findings underline the role played by miR-298 in bolstering radio-resistance in CRC cells by means of DYRK1A downregulation,thereby positioning miR-298 as a promising candidate for mitigating radioresistance in CRC.
文摘目的探讨NF-κB与放射线诱导的人食管癌细胞上皮间质转化(EMT)间的关系。方法累积照射食管癌Eca109细胞60 Gy,得到Eca109R60细胞,克隆形成实验检测其放射抵抗性,显微镜下观察细胞形态学变化。Real-time PCR和免疫细胞化学检测Eca109和Eca109R60细胞NF-κB、E-cadherin和Vimentin的表达情况。结果 Eca109R60细胞具备了EMT样表型且放射抵抗性更强。Eca109R60细胞中E-cadherin m RNA表达明显下调(P=0.003),Vimentin、NF-κB m RNA表达升高(P=0.004,P=0.004)。相关性分析显示NF-κB与E-cadherin m RNA表达呈负相关,与Vimentin未见有明显相关性,但已显示出正相关的趋势。免疫细胞化学法检测Eca109R60细胞E-cadherin阳性染色程度明显减弱,Vimentin、NF-κB p65阳性染色程度明显增强。结论 Eca109R60细胞放射抗性可能由EMT与NF-κB信号通路相互作用调控。
文摘Objective:To develop new biomarkers for radio-resistance in colorectal cancer(CRC)to improve radiotherapy efficacy at lower position and late phase of CRC patients.Methods:The human CRC cell lines were irradiated by a total dose of 40 Gy.RAN-seq screened differentially expressed genes(DEGs)related to radio-resistance.We orientated the genes which play a vital role in radioresistance by bio-informatics analysis.Ultimately,the genetic expressions were verified by qPCR.Results:3,823radio-resistance genes were found in RKO cells and 4,057 DEGs were in HCT116 cells,compared with the same type cells without radiation treatment.Data of enrichment analysis showed that DEGs obtained from two cell lines were mainly involved in cell cycle,cell division,cell skeleton,cell adhesion,DNA replication,DNA damage and DNA repair,and enrichment of glycometabolism,p53 and HIF-1 signaling pathways.The 10 candidate biomarkers were predicted according to the interaction with each other,and 5 genes(CD44,CXCL-8,ITGA5,ITGB8 and STAT1)were confirmed markedly up-regulated in two cell lines.Conclusion:Radio-resistance of CRC cells induced by X-irradiation changed the variety of genes expression,and those nodes among these genes network interaction may play core regulatory roles,which will provide new therapeutic strategies for clinical radiotherapy。
基金grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (10675151)the Key Scientific Technology Research Projects of Gansu Prov-ince (2GS052-A43-00 8-02, 2GS063-A43-012)the Scientific Technology Research Project of Lanzhou-Chinese Academy of Sciences (06-2-58).
文摘To investigate effects of nitric oxide on cellular radio-sensitivity, three human glioma cell lines, i.e. A172, A172 transfected green fluorescence protein (EGFP) gene (EA172) and A172 transfected inducible nitric oxide synthesis (iNOS) gene (iA172), were irradiated by 12C6+ ions to 0, 1 or 2Gy. Productions of nitric oxide and glutathione (GSH) in A172, EA172 and iA172 were determined by chemical methods, cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry at the 24th hour after irradiation, and survival fraction of the cells was measured by colorimetric MTT assay at the 5th day after irradiation. The results showed that the concentrations of nitric oxide and GSH in iA172 were significantly higher than in A172 and EA172; the G2/M stage arrest induced by the 12C6+ ion irradiation was observed in A172 and EA172 but not in iA172 at the 24th hour after exposure; and the survival fraction of iA172 was higher than that of EA172 and iA172. Data suggest that the radio-sensitivity of the A172 was reduced after the iNOS gene transfection. The increase of GSH production and the change of cellular signals such as the cell cycle control induced by nitric oxide may be involved in this radio-resistance.
