Neuromorphic photonic computing has emerged as a competitive computing paradigm to overcome the bottlenecks of the von-Neumann architecture.Linear weighting and nonlinear spike activation are two fundamental functions...Neuromorphic photonic computing has emerged as a competitive computing paradigm to overcome the bottlenecks of the von-Neumann architecture.Linear weighting and nonlinear spike activation are two fundamental functions of a photonic spiking neural network(PSNN).However,they are separately implemented with different photonic materials and devices,hindering the large-scale integration of PSNN.Here,we propose,fabricate and experimentally demonstrate a photonic neuro-synaptic chip enabling the simultaneous implementation of linear weighting and nonlinear spike activation based on a distributed feedback(DFB)laser with a saturable absorber(DFB-SA).A prototypical system is experimentally constructed to demonstrate the parallel weighted function and nonlinear spike activation.Furthermore,a fourchannel DFB-SA laser array is fabricated for realizing matrix convolution of a spiking convolutional neural network,achieving a recognition accuracy of 87%for the MNIST dataset.The fabricated neuro-synaptic chip offers a fundamental building block to construct the large-scale integrated PSNN chip.展开更多
基于非线性光纤环形腔镜(NOLM)及光子晶体光纤(PCF)的自相位调制效应(SPM),实现了一种适用于光子神经元的全光阈值器。所使用的PCF非线性系数为16.98(W·km)-1,同时在NOLM中引入可调隔离器。PCF及可调隔离器的使用,缩短了NOLM的腔长...基于非线性光纤环形腔镜(NOLM)及光子晶体光纤(PCF)的自相位调制效应(SPM),实现了一种适用于光子神经元的全光阈值器。所使用的PCF非线性系数为16.98(W·km)-1,同时在NOLM中引入可调隔离器。PCF及可调隔离器的使用,缩短了NOLM的腔长,同时降低了阈值器对输入光功率的要求。该全光阈值器对光信号的消光比可提高6 d B以上。由于全光阈值器中所有的组成器件均为无源光器件,因此能够处理高速率光信号。该全光阈值器在其他光通信系统中也具有广阔的应用前景。展开更多
Artificial synapses utilizing spike signals are essential elements of new generation brain-inspired computers.In this paper,we realize light-stimulated adaptive artificial synapse based on nanocrystalline zinc oxide f...Artificial synapses utilizing spike signals are essential elements of new generation brain-inspired computers.In this paper,we realize light-stimulated adaptive artificial synapse based on nanocrystalline zinc oxide film.The artificial synapse photoconductivity shows spike-type signal response,long and short-term memory(LTM and STM),STM-to-LTM transition and paired-pulse facilitation.It is also retaining the memory of previous exposures and demonstrates spike-frequency adaptation properties.A way to implement neurons with synaptic depression,tonic excitation,and delayed accelerating types of response under the influence of repetitive light signals is discussed.The developed artificial synapse is able to become a key element of neuromorphic chips and neuromorphic sensorics systems.展开更多
Because nitric oxide(NO)plays important roles in nerve conduction,signal regulation,and immune protection,analysis of NO is of great significance for understanding the physiological and pathological processes related ...Because nitric oxide(NO)plays important roles in nerve conduction,signal regulation,and immune protection,analysis of NO is of great significance for understanding the physiological and pathological processes related to neurological diseases.Herein,a highly stable and selective two-photon ratiometric fluorescent probe was developed for real-time sensing and imaging of NO in neurons,brain tissues,and larval zebrafish,in which a Rhodamine B derivative(RBD)was designed for specific recognition of NO and gold nanoclusters(AuNCs)were synthesized as reference element.The developed organic-inorganic nanoprobe exhibited high stability against biological thiol compounds and high selectivity against other reactive oxygen and nitrogen species,metal ions,and acids.In addition,the response time of the present nanoprobe was less than∼55 s.By using the developed nanoprobe,we proved that hypoxia-induced neuronal death was regulated by NO.Moreover,it was found that the hypoxia-induced NO increase in different brain regions was various and that the NO burst contributed to hypoxia-induced death of zebrafish.展开更多
利用正置双光子显微镜系统和荧光探针标记技术,观察脑内Ca2+分布,建立测量活体动物脑内Ca2+动态变化的实验方法。制作活体动物颅骨开窗样本,脑内负载Ca2+标记物Oregon Green 488 BAPTA-1和星型胶质细胞标记物Sulforhodamine 101,利用双...利用正置双光子显微镜系统和荧光探针标记技术,观察脑内Ca2+分布,建立测量活体动物脑内Ca2+动态变化的实验方法。制作活体动物颅骨开窗样本,脑内负载Ca2+标记物Oregon Green 488 BAPTA-1和星型胶质细胞标记物Sulforhodamine 101,利用双光子显微镜分别检测神经元和星型胶质细胞内Ca2+分布和动作电位引起的Ca2+瞬变。结果显示双光子显微镜可探测到脑内250μm处荧光信号,图像清晰且信噪比高,并能实时检测神经元和星型胶质细胞内Ca2+信号的动态变化。活体脑内Ca2+检测技术平台的建立为基础研究和医药应用提供了在体实验依据。展开更多
基金financial supports from National Key Research and Development Program of China (2021YFB2801900,2021YFB2801901,2021YFB2801902,2021YFB2801904)National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.61974177)+1 种基金National Outstanding Youth Science Fund Project of National Natural Science Foundation of China (62022062)The Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (QTZX23041).
文摘Neuromorphic photonic computing has emerged as a competitive computing paradigm to overcome the bottlenecks of the von-Neumann architecture.Linear weighting and nonlinear spike activation are two fundamental functions of a photonic spiking neural network(PSNN).However,they are separately implemented with different photonic materials and devices,hindering the large-scale integration of PSNN.Here,we propose,fabricate and experimentally demonstrate a photonic neuro-synaptic chip enabling the simultaneous implementation of linear weighting and nonlinear spike activation based on a distributed feedback(DFB)laser with a saturable absorber(DFB-SA).A prototypical system is experimentally constructed to demonstrate the parallel weighted function and nonlinear spike activation.Furthermore,a fourchannel DFB-SA laser array is fabricated for realizing matrix convolution of a spiking convolutional neural network,achieving a recognition accuracy of 87%for the MNIST dataset.The fabricated neuro-synaptic chip offers a fundamental building block to construct the large-scale integrated PSNN chip.
文摘基于非线性光纤环形腔镜(NOLM)及光子晶体光纤(PCF)的自相位调制效应(SPM),实现了一种适用于光子神经元的全光阈值器。所使用的PCF非线性系数为16.98(W·km)-1,同时在NOLM中引入可调隔离器。PCF及可调隔离器的使用,缩短了NOLM的腔长,同时降低了阈值器对输入光功率的要求。该全光阈值器对光信号的消光比可提高6 d B以上。由于全光阈值器中所有的组成器件均为无源光器件,因此能够处理高速率光信号。该全光阈值器在其他光通信系统中也具有广阔的应用前景。
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (Grant№075-15-2020-801)by Non-commercial Foundation for support of Science and Education 《INTELLECT》.
文摘Artificial synapses utilizing spike signals are essential elements of new generation brain-inspired computers.In this paper,we realize light-stimulated adaptive artificial synapse based on nanocrystalline zinc oxide film.The artificial synapse photoconductivity shows spike-type signal response,long and short-term memory(LTM and STM),STM-to-LTM transition and paired-pulse facilitation.It is also retaining the memory of previous exposures and demonstrates spike-frequency adaptation properties.A way to implement neurons with synaptic depression,tonic excitation,and delayed accelerating types of response under the influence of repetitive light signals is discussed.The developed artificial synapse is able to become a key element of neuromorphic chips and neuromorphic sensorics systems.
基金the NSFC(nos.22004037,21811540027,21827814,and 21635003)the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(no.201701070005E00020)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(nos.2019TQ0095 and 2020M681225).
文摘Because nitric oxide(NO)plays important roles in nerve conduction,signal regulation,and immune protection,analysis of NO is of great significance for understanding the physiological and pathological processes related to neurological diseases.Herein,a highly stable and selective two-photon ratiometric fluorescent probe was developed for real-time sensing and imaging of NO in neurons,brain tissues,and larval zebrafish,in which a Rhodamine B derivative(RBD)was designed for specific recognition of NO and gold nanoclusters(AuNCs)were synthesized as reference element.The developed organic-inorganic nanoprobe exhibited high stability against biological thiol compounds and high selectivity against other reactive oxygen and nitrogen species,metal ions,and acids.In addition,the response time of the present nanoprobe was less than∼55 s.By using the developed nanoprobe,we proved that hypoxia-induced neuronal death was regulated by NO.Moreover,it was found that the hypoxia-induced NO increase in different brain regions was various and that the NO burst contributed to hypoxia-induced death of zebrafish.
文摘利用正置双光子显微镜系统和荧光探针标记技术,观察脑内Ca2+分布,建立测量活体动物脑内Ca2+动态变化的实验方法。制作活体动物颅骨开窗样本,脑内负载Ca2+标记物Oregon Green 488 BAPTA-1和星型胶质细胞标记物Sulforhodamine 101,利用双光子显微镜分别检测神经元和星型胶质细胞内Ca2+分布和动作电位引起的Ca2+瞬变。结果显示双光子显微镜可探测到脑内250μm处荧光信号,图像清晰且信噪比高,并能实时检测神经元和星型胶质细胞内Ca2+信号的动态变化。活体脑内Ca2+检测技术平台的建立为基础研究和医药应用提供了在体实验依据。
