The work of the paper focused on the post impact of oil spill contamination of groundwater in Bassambiri Nembe Bayelsa State. Groundwater samples were sampled from hand dug wells from eight stations including the cont...The work of the paper focused on the post impact of oil spill contamination of groundwater in Bassambiri Nembe Bayelsa State. Groundwater samples were sampled from hand dug wells from eight stations including the control point for physico-chemical investigation using sterilized glass bottles. Sampling was carried out upstream and downstream on the Santa Barbara River across the stations and the results are as follows surface water pH ranged 6.90 - 7.50, electrical conductivity 19739.41 μS/cm - 28920.64 μS/cm and Chloride 6019.63 - 9274.82 mg/l. The Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) varied from 10472.72 mg/l - 16538.19 mg/l dissolved oxygen (DO) 6.21 mg/l - 7.371 mg/l while the mean biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 0.09 ± 0.52 mg/l - 2.4 ± 0.81 mg/l, temperature 28.04℃ - 31.79℃ while total alkalinity is 43.95 mg/L -73.87 mg/L. Calcium ion ranged 375.68 mg/l - 536.72 mg/l, Magnesium ion 88.35 - 243.24 mg/l and Potassium ion 41.27 - 121.17 mg/l. The results of the study showed that the pH, salinity, alkalinity, total suspended solids (TSS), Chlorides, Phosphates, and Nitrates are within permissible limits of the WHO, however the electrical conductivity, TDS, turbidity, DO, BOD, and hardness exceeded WHO permissible limits for drinking water. Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) and Heavy metals had low concentrations in the Santa Barbara River across the study area suggesting that surface water is not polluted. However, the surfactants used initially to contain the oil pollution were effective based on this research.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the level of heavy metals(Cu,Zn,Fe Mn Ni,Pb and Cd) in muscles,gills and liver tissue of Croaker fish from oil spilled rivers of Bonny and Finima,Niger Delta region,Nigeria.Methods:Twenty four...Objective:To investigate the level of heavy metals(Cu,Zn,Fe Mn Ni,Pb and Cd) in muscles,gills and liver tissue of Croaker fish from oil spilled rivers of Bonny and Finima,Niger Delta region,Nigeria.Methods:Twenty four Croacker fishes(Genyonemus lineatus) weighing between 250 and 260 g and 24–26 cm length were collected from each sampling sites(Bonny and finima rivers).The frozen fishes were thawed and dried at 105C until they reach a constant weight.The dried samples were homogenized and digested with 10 ml tri-acid mixture(HNO3:HCl O4:H2SO4),and then the digested samples were diluted to 100 ml with deionized water.Heavy metals(Cu,Ni,Zn,Pb,Mn,Iron Fe,and Cd) concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Results:Our results revealed that concentrations and distribution patterns of all heavy metals studied varied significantly(P < 0.05) amongst the fish tissues analyzed and sampling sites.Moreover,liver tissue of fish caught from Finima creek accumulated the highest concentrations of Cu(52.64 ± 3.01 mg/g dry wt),Zn(166.50 ± 6.45 mg/g dry wt)and Fe(801.50 ± 14.15 mg/g dry wt) in comparison to the liver of fish caught from Bonny river in which the levels of Cu,Zn and Fe were(45.00 ± 2.79),(49.90 ± 2.91) and(216 ± 6.11 mg/g dry wt),respectively.In addition,Mn,Ni,Pb and Cd exhibited their highest concentrations in gills from both locations.As expected,muscle tissue contained the least concentrations of all metals investigated from both sampling sites.Furthermore,all the metals investigated exhibited highest concentration in fish collected from Finima creek.These abnormal high level heavy metals accumulation observed in this location could be linked to the frequent crude oil spills as well as industrial activity around the area which might get discharged into Finima creek.In general,the mean concentrations of some toxic heavy metals investigated exceed the recommended maximum permissible limits set by the Joint FAO/WHO committee.However,some metals are within the acceptable limits.Conclus展开更多
文摘The work of the paper focused on the post impact of oil spill contamination of groundwater in Bassambiri Nembe Bayelsa State. Groundwater samples were sampled from hand dug wells from eight stations including the control point for physico-chemical investigation using sterilized glass bottles. Sampling was carried out upstream and downstream on the Santa Barbara River across the stations and the results are as follows surface water pH ranged 6.90 - 7.50, electrical conductivity 19739.41 μS/cm - 28920.64 μS/cm and Chloride 6019.63 - 9274.82 mg/l. The Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) varied from 10472.72 mg/l - 16538.19 mg/l dissolved oxygen (DO) 6.21 mg/l - 7.371 mg/l while the mean biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) 0.09 ± 0.52 mg/l - 2.4 ± 0.81 mg/l, temperature 28.04℃ - 31.79℃ while total alkalinity is 43.95 mg/L -73.87 mg/L. Calcium ion ranged 375.68 mg/l - 536.72 mg/l, Magnesium ion 88.35 - 243.24 mg/l and Potassium ion 41.27 - 121.17 mg/l. The results of the study showed that the pH, salinity, alkalinity, total suspended solids (TSS), Chlorides, Phosphates, and Nitrates are within permissible limits of the WHO, however the electrical conductivity, TDS, turbidity, DO, BOD, and hardness exceeded WHO permissible limits for drinking water. Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon (TPH) and Heavy metals had low concentrations in the Santa Barbara River across the study area suggesting that surface water is not polluted. However, the surfactants used initially to contain the oil pollution were effective based on this research.
文摘Objective:To investigate the level of heavy metals(Cu,Zn,Fe Mn Ni,Pb and Cd) in muscles,gills and liver tissue of Croaker fish from oil spilled rivers of Bonny and Finima,Niger Delta region,Nigeria.Methods:Twenty four Croacker fishes(Genyonemus lineatus) weighing between 250 and 260 g and 24–26 cm length were collected from each sampling sites(Bonny and finima rivers).The frozen fishes were thawed and dried at 105C until they reach a constant weight.The dried samples were homogenized and digested with 10 ml tri-acid mixture(HNO3:HCl O4:H2SO4),and then the digested samples were diluted to 100 ml with deionized water.Heavy metals(Cu,Ni,Zn,Pb,Mn,Iron Fe,and Cd) concentrations were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer.Results:Our results revealed that concentrations and distribution patterns of all heavy metals studied varied significantly(P < 0.05) amongst the fish tissues analyzed and sampling sites.Moreover,liver tissue of fish caught from Finima creek accumulated the highest concentrations of Cu(52.64 ± 3.01 mg/g dry wt),Zn(166.50 ± 6.45 mg/g dry wt)and Fe(801.50 ± 14.15 mg/g dry wt) in comparison to the liver of fish caught from Bonny river in which the levels of Cu,Zn and Fe were(45.00 ± 2.79),(49.90 ± 2.91) and(216 ± 6.11 mg/g dry wt),respectively.In addition,Mn,Ni,Pb and Cd exhibited their highest concentrations in gills from both locations.As expected,muscle tissue contained the least concentrations of all metals investigated from both sampling sites.Furthermore,all the metals investigated exhibited highest concentration in fish collected from Finima creek.These abnormal high level heavy metals accumulation observed in this location could be linked to the frequent crude oil spills as well as industrial activity around the area which might get discharged into Finima creek.In general,the mean concentrations of some toxic heavy metals investigated exceed the recommended maximum permissible limits set by the Joint FAO/WHO committee.However,some metals are within the acceptable limits.Conclus
