本文利用 X 射线衍射及电镜等手段研究了在三氯化铝、氢化铝锂及四氢呋喃加甲苯的有机体系中,具有不同极化特性的镀液对镀层组织结构及延展性的影响.结果表明,镀液的极化特性、杂质含量及其存在形式是决定镀层延性好坏的重要因素.由阴...本文利用 X 射线衍射及电镜等手段研究了在三氯化铝、氢化铝锂及四氢呋喃加甲苯的有机体系中,具有不同极化特性的镀液对镀层组织结构及延展性的影响.结果表明,镀液的极化特性、杂质含量及其存在形式是决定镀层延性好坏的重要因素.由阴极极化较大的镀液获得的镀层,其杂质锌、铜、碳等的含量较高,并以第二相的形式析出,致使镀层呈脆性,晶格常数减小;反之,由阴极极化较小的镀液获得的镀层,则由于少量杂质固溶于基体中,镀层延性好,晶格常数因以碳为主的杂质间隙固溶造成的膨胀畸变而增大.展开更多
In this paper, a kind of three-dimensional analysis technology for characterizing non-metallic inclusions in steel was clearly elaborated. It is an electron microscopy observation, namely the non-aqueous electrolysis ...In this paper, a kind of three-dimensional analysis technology for characterizing non-metallic inclusions in steel was clearly elaborated. It is an electron microscopy observation, namely the non-aqueous electrolysis extraction method with a settled coulometer. In the research,the extraction effects of non-metallic inclusions in different electrolysis systems were studied, and it was concluded that alkalescent 2% TEA non-aqueous electrolyte was applicable for extracting most of non-metallic inclusion particles in steel. And then, in order to ensure the microscopic characterization and statistical calculation of inclusion particles, some electrolysis parameters should be confirmed, such as the size of the sample, control of the electrolysis mass, electric current, etc. Furthermore, for preventing the disturbance of carbides and presenting clear three-dimensional appearance by microscopic characterization, magnetic separation was utilized to separate the inclusion particles from carbides, which was useful for getting more veracious types, particle sizes and chemical composition of inclusions. Moreover, through calculation of quantity and particle size of inclusions in continuous determinate fields, the total quantity per unit volume or area and the particle size distribution of inclusions could be acquired by conversion with electrolysis loss. Besides, the comparison between this method and traditional quantitative metallography was also discussed, and finally, a conclusion was drawn that both of them have respectively applications in characterizing inclusions.展开更多
文摘本文利用 X 射线衍射及电镜等手段研究了在三氯化铝、氢化铝锂及四氢呋喃加甲苯的有机体系中,具有不同极化特性的镀液对镀层组织结构及延展性的影响.结果表明,镀液的极化特性、杂质含量及其存在形式是决定镀层延性好坏的重要因素.由阴极极化较大的镀液获得的镀层,其杂质锌、铜、碳等的含量较高,并以第二相的形式析出,致使镀层呈脆性,晶格常数减小;反之,由阴极极化较小的镀液获得的镀层,则由于少量杂质固溶于基体中,镀层延性好,晶格常数因以碳为主的杂质间隙固溶造成的膨胀畸变而增大.
文摘In this paper, a kind of three-dimensional analysis technology for characterizing non-metallic inclusions in steel was clearly elaborated. It is an electron microscopy observation, namely the non-aqueous electrolysis extraction method with a settled coulometer. In the research,the extraction effects of non-metallic inclusions in different electrolysis systems were studied, and it was concluded that alkalescent 2% TEA non-aqueous electrolyte was applicable for extracting most of non-metallic inclusion particles in steel. And then, in order to ensure the microscopic characterization and statistical calculation of inclusion particles, some electrolysis parameters should be confirmed, such as the size of the sample, control of the electrolysis mass, electric current, etc. Furthermore, for preventing the disturbance of carbides and presenting clear three-dimensional appearance by microscopic characterization, magnetic separation was utilized to separate the inclusion particles from carbides, which was useful for getting more veracious types, particle sizes and chemical composition of inclusions. Moreover, through calculation of quantity and particle size of inclusions in continuous determinate fields, the total quantity per unit volume or area and the particle size distribution of inclusions could be acquired by conversion with electrolysis loss. Besides, the comparison between this method and traditional quantitative metallography was also discussed, and finally, a conclusion was drawn that both of them have respectively applications in characterizing inclusions.
