为了明确新烟碱类和大环内酯类杀虫剂对天敌赤眼蜂Trichogramma spp.的影响,在室内采用药膜法测定了其对稻螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead、亚洲玉米螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma ostriniae Pang et Chen、拟澳洲赤眼蜂Trichogrammaco...为了明确新烟碱类和大环内酯类杀虫剂对天敌赤眼蜂Trichogramma spp.的影响,在室内采用药膜法测定了其对稻螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead、亚洲玉米螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma ostriniae Pang et Chen、拟澳洲赤眼蜂TrichogrammaconfusumViggiani和广赤眼蜂Trichogramma evanescens Westwood成蜂的急性毒性,并进行了安全性评价。急性毒性测定结果表明:在测定的新烟碱类药剂中,噻虫嗪对拟澳洲赤眼蜂和稻螟赤眼蜂表现出最高的急性毒性,其LC50分别为0.24(0.21～0.27)和0.40(0.37～0.44)mga.i./L;其次为烯啶虫胺,该药剂对上述两种赤眼蜂的LC50分别为0.83(0.74～0.96)和0.72(0.65～0.80)mga.i./L;而吡虫啉对亚洲玉米螟赤眼蜂和拟澳洲赤眼蜂的毒性最低,其LC50分别为502.13(459.80～549.62)和752.62(687.51～828.63)mga.i./L。在测定的大环内酯类药剂中,阿维菌素对稻螟赤眼蜂的急性毒性最高,其LC50为0.49(0.46～0.65)mga.i./L,而甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐对拟澳洲赤眼蜂表现出最低的急性毒性,其LC50为21.76(19.59～24.40)mga.i./L。安全性评价结果表明,吡虫啉、啶虫脒、氯噻啉和甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐对4种赤眼蜂为低风险～中等风险性,安全性系数为0.57～23.54;噻虫啉和依维菌素对4种赤眼蜂却为中等风险～高风险性,安全性系数为0.16～3.45;而烯啶虫胺、噻虫嗪和阿维菌素对4种赤眼蜂为高风险～极高风险性,安全性系数为0.01～0.15。本研究测定的大部分杀虫剂对赤眼蜂都有一定的急性毒性风险。因此,在害虫综合治理中应谨慎使用新烟碱类和大环内酯类杀虫剂尤其是烯啶虫胺、噻虫嗪和阿维菌素,以免造成对赤眼蜂的大量杀伤。展开更多
Over-expression of the cytochrome P450 CYP6CM1 gene has been associated with imidacloprid resistance in a number of Q and B biotype Bemisia tabaci laboratory strains from distinct geographical origins worldwide. We re...Over-expression of the cytochrome P450 CYP6CM1 gene has been associated with imidacloprid resistance in a number of Q and B biotype Bemisia tabaci laboratory strains from distinct geographical origins worldwide. We recently demonstrated that the Q biotype version of the CYP6CM 1 protein （CYP6CMlvQ） is capable of metabolizing imida- cloprid. Here, we show that the levels of BtCYP6CMlvQ were also elevated in laboratory- resistant strains and field-derived populations, with variable imidacloprid resistance levels, collected in Crete. High levels of CYP6CMlvQ transcripts were also determined in survivors of a heterogeneous field population, after exposure to discriminating imidacloprid dosage. Using peptide antibody-based detection assays, we demonstrated that in line with transcriptional data, the CYP6CMlvQ protein levels were higher in imidacloprid-resistant insects, which further implicates the gene as the causal factor of resistance. Finally, assess- ment of the cross-metabolism potential of CYP6CMlvQ against additional neonicotinoid molecules used for B. tabaci control revealed that clothianidin and thiacloprid, but not acetamiprid or thiamethoxam, are metabolized by the recombinant enzyme in vitro.展开更多
Four strains of the Q biotype and one of the B biotype of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci collected from China were characterised for resistance to four neonicotinoid insecticides and pymetrozine.Q biotype strains showed ...Four strains of the Q biotype and one of the B biotype of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci collected from China were characterised for resistance to four neonicotinoid insecticides and pymetrozine.Q biotype strains showed moderate to strong resistance to imidacloprid,thiamethoxam and acetamiprid,but little or no cross-resistance to dinotefuron.Resistance to neonicotinoids was consistently associated with resistance to pymetrozine,despite the latter having a distinct（though unresolved）mode of action.The single B biotype strain proved largely susceptible to all the insecticides investigated.Resistance in the Q biotype strains was associated with over-expression of a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase gene,CYP6CM1,whose substrate specificity presumably accounts for the observed cross-resistance profiles.展开更多
文摘为了明确新烟碱类和大环内酯类杀虫剂对天敌赤眼蜂Trichogramma spp.的影响,在室内采用药膜法测定了其对稻螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead、亚洲玉米螟赤眼蜂Trichogramma ostriniae Pang et Chen、拟澳洲赤眼蜂TrichogrammaconfusumViggiani和广赤眼蜂Trichogramma evanescens Westwood成蜂的急性毒性,并进行了安全性评价。急性毒性测定结果表明:在测定的新烟碱类药剂中,噻虫嗪对拟澳洲赤眼蜂和稻螟赤眼蜂表现出最高的急性毒性,其LC50分别为0.24(0.21～0.27)和0.40(0.37～0.44)mga.i./L;其次为烯啶虫胺,该药剂对上述两种赤眼蜂的LC50分别为0.83(0.74～0.96)和0.72(0.65～0.80)mga.i./L;而吡虫啉对亚洲玉米螟赤眼蜂和拟澳洲赤眼蜂的毒性最低,其LC50分别为502.13(459.80～549.62)和752.62(687.51～828.63)mga.i./L。在测定的大环内酯类药剂中,阿维菌素对稻螟赤眼蜂的急性毒性最高,其LC50为0.49(0.46～0.65)mga.i./L,而甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐对拟澳洲赤眼蜂表现出最低的急性毒性,其LC50为21.76(19.59～24.40)mga.i./L。安全性评价结果表明,吡虫啉、啶虫脒、氯噻啉和甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐对4种赤眼蜂为低风险～中等风险性,安全性系数为0.57～23.54;噻虫啉和依维菌素对4种赤眼蜂却为中等风险～高风险性,安全性系数为0.16～3.45;而烯啶虫胺、噻虫嗪和阿维菌素对4种赤眼蜂为高风险～极高风险性,安全性系数为0.01～0.15。本研究测定的大部分杀虫剂对赤眼蜂都有一定的急性毒性风险。因此,在害虫综合治理中应谨慎使用新烟碱类和大环内酯类杀虫剂尤其是烯啶虫胺、噻虫嗪和阿维菌素,以免造成对赤眼蜂的大量杀伤。
文摘Over-expression of the cytochrome P450 CYP6CM1 gene has been associated with imidacloprid resistance in a number of Q and B biotype Bemisia tabaci laboratory strains from distinct geographical origins worldwide. We recently demonstrated that the Q biotype version of the CYP6CM 1 protein （CYP6CMlvQ） is capable of metabolizing imida- cloprid. Here, we show that the levels of BtCYP6CMlvQ were also elevated in laboratory- resistant strains and field-derived populations, with variable imidacloprid resistance levels, collected in Crete. High levels of CYP6CMlvQ transcripts were also determined in survivors of a heterogeneous field population, after exposure to discriminating imidacloprid dosage. Using peptide antibody-based detection assays, we demonstrated that in line with transcriptional data, the CYP6CMlvQ protein levels were higher in imidacloprid-resistant insects, which further implicates the gene as the causal factor of resistance. Finally, assess- ment of the cross-metabolism potential of CYP6CMlvQ against additional neonicotinoid molecules used for B. tabaci control revealed that clothianidin and thiacloprid, but not acetamiprid or thiamethoxam, are metabolized by the recombinant enzyme in vitro.
基金grants from the National Basic Research and Development Program of China(2009CB119200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31071683)
文摘Four strains of the Q biotype and one of the B biotype of the whitefly Bemisia tabaci collected from China were characterised for resistance to four neonicotinoid insecticides and pymetrozine.Q biotype strains showed moderate to strong resistance to imidacloprid,thiamethoxam and acetamiprid,but little or no cross-resistance to dinotefuron.Resistance to neonicotinoids was consistently associated with resistance to pymetrozine,despite the latter having a distinct（though unresolved）mode of action.The single B biotype strain proved largely susceptible to all the insecticides investigated.Resistance in the Q biotype strains was associated with over-expression of a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase gene,CYP6CM1,whose substrate specificity presumably accounts for the observed cross-resistance profiles.
