In this study, a controlled experiment of winter wheat under water stress at the seedling stage was conducted in soil columns in greenhouse. Based on the data gotten from the experiment, a model to estimate root lengt...In this study, a controlled experiment of winter wheat under water stress at the seedling stage was conducted in soil columns in greenhouse. Based on the data gotten from the experiment, a model to estimate root length density distribution was developed through optimizing the weights of neural network by genetic algorithm. The neural network model was constructed by using forward neural network framework, by applying the strategy of the roulette wheel selection and reserving the most optimizing series of weights, which were composed by real codes. This model was applied to predict the root length density distribution of winter wheat, and the predicted root length density had good agreement with experiment data. The way could save a lot of manpower and material resources for determining the root length density distribution of winter wheat.展开更多
Furrow irrigation is a traditional widely-used irrigation method in the world. Understanding the dynamics of soil water distribution is essential to developing effective furrow irrigation strategies, especially in wat...Furrow irrigation is a traditional widely-used irrigation method in the world. Understanding the dynamics of soil water distribution is essential to developing effective furrow irrigation strategies, especially in water-limited regions. The objectives of this study are to analyze root length density distribution and to explore soil water dynamics by simulating soil water content using a HYDRUS-2D model with consideration of root water uptake for furrow irrigated tomato plants in a solar greenhouse in Northwest China. Soil water contents were also in-situ observed by the ECH_2O sensors from 4 June to 19 June and from 21 June to 4 July, 2012. Results showed that the root length density of tomato plants was concentrated in the 0–50 cm soil layers, and radiated 0–18 cm toward the furrow and 0–30 cm along the bed axis. Soil water content values simulated by the HYDRUS-2D model agreed well with those observed by the ECH_2O sensors, with regression coefficient of 0.988, coefficient of determination of 0.89, and index of agreement of 0.97. The HYDRUS-2D model with the calibrated parameters was then applied to explore the optimal irrigation scheduling. Infrequent irrigation with a large amount of water for each irrigation event could result in 10%–18% of the irrigation water losses. Thus we recommend high irrigation frequency with a low amount of water for each irrigation event in greenhouses for arid region. The maximum high irrigation amount and the suitable irrigation interval required to avoid plant water stress and drainage water were 34 mm and 6 days, respectively, for given daily average transpiration rate of 4.0 mm/d. To sum up, the HYDRUS-2D model with consideration of root water uptake can be used to improve irrigation scheduling for furrow irrigated tomato plants in greenhouses in arid regions.展开更多
文摘In this study, a controlled experiment of winter wheat under water stress at the seedling stage was conducted in soil columns in greenhouse. Based on the data gotten from the experiment, a model to estimate root length density distribution was developed through optimizing the weights of neural network by genetic algorithm. The neural network model was constructed by using forward neural network framework, by applying the strategy of the roulette wheel selection and reserving the most optimizing series of weights, which were composed by real codes. This model was applied to predict the root length density distribution of winter wheat, and the predicted root length density had good agreement with experiment data. The way could save a lot of manpower and material resources for determining the root length density distribution of winter wheat.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFC0400207)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51222905, 51621061, 51509130)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China (BK20150908)the Discipline Innovative Engineering Plan (111 Program, B14002)the Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology Foundation (JKLAM1601)
文摘Furrow irrigation is a traditional widely-used irrigation method in the world. Understanding the dynamics of soil water distribution is essential to developing effective furrow irrigation strategies, especially in water-limited regions. The objectives of this study are to analyze root length density distribution and to explore soil water dynamics by simulating soil water content using a HYDRUS-2D model with consideration of root water uptake for furrow irrigated tomato plants in a solar greenhouse in Northwest China. Soil water contents were also in-situ observed by the ECH_2O sensors from 4 June to 19 June and from 21 June to 4 July, 2012. Results showed that the root length density of tomato plants was concentrated in the 0–50 cm soil layers, and radiated 0–18 cm toward the furrow and 0–30 cm along the bed axis. Soil water content values simulated by the HYDRUS-2D model agreed well with those observed by the ECH_2O sensors, with regression coefficient of 0.988, coefficient of determination of 0.89, and index of agreement of 0.97. The HYDRUS-2D model with the calibrated parameters was then applied to explore the optimal irrigation scheduling. Infrequent irrigation with a large amount of water for each irrigation event could result in 10%–18% of the irrigation water losses. Thus we recommend high irrigation frequency with a low amount of water for each irrigation event in greenhouses for arid region. The maximum high irrigation amount and the suitable irrigation interval required to avoid plant water stress and drainage water were 34 mm and 6 days, respectively, for given daily average transpiration rate of 4.0 mm/d. To sum up, the HYDRUS-2D model with consideration of root water uptake can be used to improve irrigation scheduling for furrow irrigated tomato plants in greenhouses in arid regions.
