摘要
为研究施氮方式对春玉米根系空间分布的影响，在大田条件下，采用垄植沟灌，设交替隔沟施氮、固定隔沟施氮、均匀隔沟施氮3种施氮方式，分不同生育时期对0～100cm土层分层监测玉米根部、根部南侧和根部北侧的根系生长状况，分析根系的空间分布规律。结果表明，除0～20cm外，其他层次固定隔沟施氮在抽雄期较之其他两个处理明显促进根部北侧根系的生长，而在成熟期固定隔沟施氮则明显地抑制根部北侧根系的生长（80～100cm除外）。总体上，均匀隔沟施氮和交替隔沟施氮较固定隔沟施氮有利于根部根系的生长；根部南侧的根系表现为，前期固定隔沟施氮比较有利，而后期则是均匀隔沟施氮和交替隔沟施氮更有利于促进根系生长；成熟期均匀隔沟施氮下根系总量最大。从不同土层中的根长密度来看，固定隔沟施氮有利于抽雄期根系的生长，而均匀隔沟施氮和交替隔沟施氮在更长时间维持较高的根长密度，这在玉米灌浆期以后、尤其是0～60cm体现得更为明显。
To exp1ore the spatia1 root distribution under 1oca1ized supp1y nitrogen for spring maize, fie1d experiment of nitrogen ferti1ization was conducted with the treatments of furrow-a1ternative ni trogen supp1y, furrow-fixed nitrogen supp1y, and both-furrow nitrogen supp1y. Root 1ength density in different soi1 1ayers between O--100 cm on the point, the north and south side of maize p1ant was measured at the growth stages of maize tasse11ing, seed-fi11ing and maturity. The resu1ts of p1ant root 1ength density at different positions showed that except of the soi1 1ayer of 0--20 cm, furrow-fixed ni- trogen supp1y promoted the growth of p1ant root on north side significant1y compared with the other two treatments at tasse1ing stage, whi1e furrow-fixed nitrogen supp1y was obvious1y restrained the growth of the p1ant root （80--100 cm except） on north side at mature stage. Overa11, the both furrow nitrogen supp1y and furrow-a1ternative nitrogen supp1y was beneficia1 to the growth of p1ant root sys- tem; the furrow-fixed nitrogen supp1y on south side at ear1ier stage promoted the root growth, but furrow-a1ternative nitrogen supp1y and both furrow nitrogen supp1y at the 1ater stage were more con-ducive to the root growththe total volume of maize root reached the largest at maturity. For the root length density in different position, furrow-fixed nitrogen supply was benefit to the root growth at tasseling stage, while furrow-alternative nitrogen supply and both furrow nitrogen supply maintained high root length density in a longer time, which was more obvious in the soil layer of 0--60 cm after seed-filling stage.
出处
《西北农业学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2014年第1期86-92,共7页
Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金(51079124)
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(QN2011067)
关键词
施氮方式
根长密度
空间分布
玉米
Nitrogen application methods Root length densitySpatial distribution Maize
