Hardware Trojans(HTs)have drawn increasing attention in both academia and industry because of their significant potential threat.In this paper,we propose HTDet,a novel HT detection method using information entropybase...Hardware Trojans(HTs)have drawn increasing attention in both academia and industry because of their significant potential threat.In this paper,we propose HTDet,a novel HT detection method using information entropybased clustering.To maintain high concealment,HTs are usually inserted in the regions with low controllability and low observability,which will result in that Trojan logics have extremely low transitions during the simulation.This implies that the regions with the low transitions will provide much more abundant and more important information for HT detection.The HTDet applies information theory technology and a density-based clustering algorithm called Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise(DBSCAN)to detect all suspicious Trojan logics in the circuit under detection.The DBSCAN is an unsupervised learning algorithm,that can improve the applicability of HTDet.In addition,we develop a heuristic test pattern generation method using mutual information to increase the transitions of suspicious Trojan logics.Experiments on circuit benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of HTDet.展开更多
In 2023,the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Bawendi,Brus,and Ekimov,three scientists who have made great contributions to the discovery and synthesis of quantum dots(QDs),heralding a new era for these nanomate...In 2023,the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Bawendi,Brus,and Ekimov,three scientists who have made great contributions to the discovery and synthesis of quantum dots(QDs),heralding a new era for these nanomaterials.The inception of QDs dates back more than 40 years,during which the theory of QDs has been continuously refined,the manufacturing techniques have significantly flourished,and the applications have largely expanded.Recently,QDs have become important optical devices,playing key roles in numerous fields such as display,energy,and biomedical applications.To celebrate the outstanding achievements of QDs over the years,we dedicate this paper to QDs.In the information field,QDs have been extensively utilized to design devices related to domains like transmission and storage,achieving many breakthroughs in performance.This paper proposes a comprehensive set of methodologies and paradigms for designing information systems using QDs.The proposed approach embodies two characteristics of QDs:1)QDs play a central role in every aspect of the system and possess the capability to construct an all-quantum-dot(All-QD)information system.2)QDs possess tunability and wavelength flexibility,which can significantly enhance the information density.Finally,we construct a prototype model of an All-QD information system and validate its feasibility through simulation.We believe that with the continued development of quantum dot(QD)technology,the realization of an All-QD information system is on the horizon.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Basic Research Program of China under Grant No.2007CB310804 (国家重点基础研究发展计划(973)) the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60573117 (国家自然科学基金重大研究计划) the National High-Tech Research and Development Plan of China under Grant No.2006AA01A106 (国家高技术研究发展计划(863))
文摘Hardware Trojans(HTs)have drawn increasing attention in both academia and industry because of their significant potential threat.In this paper,we propose HTDet,a novel HT detection method using information entropybased clustering.To maintain high concealment,HTs are usually inserted in the regions with low controllability and low observability,which will result in that Trojan logics have extremely low transitions during the simulation.This implies that the regions with the low transitions will provide much more abundant and more important information for HT detection.The HTDet applies information theory technology and a density-based clustering algorithm called Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise(DBSCAN)to detect all suspicious Trojan logics in the circuit under detection.The DBSCAN is an unsupervised learning algorithm,that can improve the applicability of HTDet.In addition,we develop a heuristic test pattern generation method using mutual information to increase the transitions of suspicious Trojan logics.Experiments on circuit benchmarks demonstrate the effectiveness of HTDet.
文摘In 2023,the Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Bawendi,Brus,and Ekimov,three scientists who have made great contributions to the discovery and synthesis of quantum dots(QDs),heralding a new era for these nanomaterials.The inception of QDs dates back more than 40 years,during which the theory of QDs has been continuously refined,the manufacturing techniques have significantly flourished,and the applications have largely expanded.Recently,QDs have become important optical devices,playing key roles in numerous fields such as display,energy,and biomedical applications.To celebrate the outstanding achievements of QDs over the years,we dedicate this paper to QDs.In the information field,QDs have been extensively utilized to design devices related to domains like transmission and storage,achieving many breakthroughs in performance.This paper proposes a comprehensive set of methodologies and paradigms for designing information systems using QDs.The proposed approach embodies two characteristics of QDs:1)QDs play a central role in every aspect of the system and possess the capability to construct an all-quantum-dot(All-QD)information system.2)QDs possess tunability and wavelength flexibility,which can significantly enhance the information density.Finally,we construct a prototype model of an All-QD information system and validate its feasibility through simulation.We believe that with the continued development of quantum dot(QD)technology,the realization of an All-QD information system is on the horizon.
