Objective: To study the altering rule of coagulation function at molecular level in patients with secondary brain injury (SBI). Methods: Tissue factor (TF) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) were studied in 32...Objective: To study the altering rule of coagulation function at molecular level in patients with secondary brain injury (SBI). Methods: Tissue factor (TF) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) were studied in 32 patients 1, 2, 3 and 7 days after craniocerebral injury. Repeated cranial CT scans and platelet counts were made simultaneously. Same measurements were done in 30 normal adults except CT scan. Results: No obvious difference was found in age, sex and platelet count between the injured and the normal groups. TFPI/TF decreased markedly in the first week after injury in patients with SBI, but only decreased on the 7th day in the patients without obvious SBI. For the patients who developed delayed intracranial hematoma (DIH) or hematoma enlargement, TF rose only 1 and 2 days after injury, but TFPI had a tendency to rise again after a fall on the 3rd day. For those patients who developed no DIH, TF rose all the time within the 1st week. Conclusions: Decrease of TFPI/TF for a long time, especially within 3 days after injury, may be one of the most important reasons for SBI. High expression of TF for a relative short time and increase of TFPI after a fall within 3 days may be one of the important reasons for DIH or hematoma enlargement.展开更多
AIM: To investigate FasL expression in hilar cholangiocarcinoma tissues and cultured cholangiocarcinoma cells, and to assess its ability to induce apoptosis. METHODS: We studied the expression of FasL by human hilar c...AIM: To investigate FasL expression in hilar cholangiocarcinoma tissues and cultured cholangiocarcinoma cells, and to assess its ability to induce apoptosis. METHODS: We studied the expression of FasL by human hilar cholangiocaroinomas tissues by immunohistochemistry, and the QBC939 cholangiocarcinoma cell line by RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western Blot. TUNEL and flow cytometry were used to detect apoptotic cells. RESULTS: Prevalent expression of FasL was detected in 39 resected hilar cholangiocarcinoma tissues. TUNEL staining disclosed a high level of cell death among lymphocytes infiltrating FasL positive areas of tumor. FasL mRNA and protein expressions in cholangiocarcinoma cells could induce Jurkat cells. CONCLUSION: Hilar cholangiocarcinomas may elude immunological surveillance by inducing, via Fas/FasL system, the apoptosis of activated lymphocytes.展开更多
Various isothermal compression tests are carried out on an ultrahigh carbon steel （1.2% C in mass percent）, initially quenched or spheroidized, using a Gleeble-3500 system. The true stress is observed to decrease wi...Various isothermal compression tests are carried out on an ultrahigh carbon steel （1.2% C in mass percent）, initially quenched or spheroidized, using a Gleeble-3500 system. The true stress is observed to decrease with increas ing temperature and decreasing strain rate. The true stress of the initially quenched steel is lower than that of the ini- tially spheroidized steel at high deformation temperature （700 ~C） and low deformation strain rate （0. 001 s-1 ）. The value of the deformation activation energy （Q） of the initially quenched steel （331.56 kJ/mol） is higher than that of the initially spheroidized steel （297.94 kJ/mol）. The initially quenched steel has lower efficiency of power dissipation and better processability than the initially spheroidized steel. The warm compression promotes the fragmentation and the spheroidization of lamellar cementites in the initially quenched steel. The fragmentation of lamellar cementites is the spheroidizing mechanism of the eementites in the initially quenched steel. Results of transmission electron microscope investigation showed that fine grains with high angle boundaries are obtained by deformation of the initially quenched steel.展开更多
Purpose: Dosimetric study to evaluate impact of “beam” reduction in AVM radiosurgery on normal brain dose parameters and it’s clinical implications. Materials and Methods: Five small volume AVMs (nidus volume 0.31 ...Purpose: Dosimetric study to evaluate impact of “beam” reduction in AVM radiosurgery on normal brain dose parameters and it’s clinical implications. Materials and Methods: Five small volume AVMs (nidus volume 0.31 - 1.94 cc) planned for single fraction SRS with robotic radiosurgery system. Planning scans done with CT scan brain, CT & MR angiography, then nidus volume and organ at risk (OARs) were contoured. Planning was done with multiplan planning system. Plan evaluated as per Flickenger model parameters of 12 Gy nomal brain vol & marginal dose. 7.5 mm and 10 mm cons used, optimization done with seqential algorithm. 20 Gy was prescribed to isodose with appropriate nidus coverage (>98%). Total beams of five plans were 85 - 250, monitor unit 17,259 - 24,602 MU. 12 Gy normal brain volume is 0.9 - 7.6 cc. Then beam reduction is done by reducing beams with minimum MU in steps of 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 MU and after beam reduction, re-optimization done. Prescription isodose was changed to keep the nidus coverage > 98%. Impacts of beam reduction on 12 Gy normal brain vol and conformity/homogeniety index were analyzed. Results: Optimal plans of five patients with 20 Gy prescribed to 88% - 90% isodose, nidus coverage more than 98%. In dosimetric parameters, mean CI was 1.36 - 1.51, nCI 1.41 - 1.51, HI 1.1 - 1.4 and mean 12 Gy normal brain volume 0.17, 1.44, 5.3, 5.5 and 7.6cc respectively. After beam reduction of less than 50 MU contribution (in case#1), prescibing at suitable isodose (85%) beam reduces to 79 and 12 Gy volume marginally increases to 26.4 cc. Beam reduction of less than 100 MU reduces to 53 - 92 beamlets. Reduction of beams with less than 150 MU contribution did not significantly change the 12Gy normal brain volume. However, reduction of beamlets with more than 200 MU, 250 MU, 300 MU, 450 MU and 550 MU significantly affects the 12 Gy normal brain volume. Prescription-isodose modified from 83% to 50% to have >98% coverage. CI and HI increased from 1.36 - 1.51 to 2.51 - 2.63 and 1.1 - 1.4 to 1.52 - 1.5展开更多
The objective of this study is to increase the insight into the mechanical behaviors of steel fiber reinforced high-performance concrete （SFHPC） after exposure to high temperatures. Three types of steel fibers were ...The objective of this study is to increase the insight into the mechanical behaviors of steel fiber reinforced high-performance concrete （SFHPC） after exposure to high temperatures. Three types of steel fibers were used and three-point bending tests on notched beams of SFHPC were carried out. The results showed that the flexural toughness and fracture energy of SFHPC increased evidently with the fiber content. The hooked steel fibers with higher strength possess higher flexural toughness and fracture energy than the marked steel fibers with lower strength. After exposure to high temperatures of 300, 600 and 900 ℃ in an electrical furnace, the compressive strength, flexural toughness and fracture energy of SFHPC decreased less than that of HPC without fibers, Both steel fiber content and type had strong influences on the flexural toughness and fracture energy. In addition, the failure patterns of SFHPC beams changed from pull-out of steel fibers at lower temperatures to tensile failure of steel fibers at 900 ℃.展开更多
<strong>Purpose:</strong><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The study was performed comparing dosimetric characteristics of volumetric modu...<strong>Purpose:</strong><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The study was performed comparing dosimetric characteristics of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and field-in-field (FiF) techniques on a patient with synchronous bilateral breast carcinoma. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The patients with bilateral breast cancer treatment were included in this study. A total dose of 40.05 Gy in 15 fractions was prescribed to the Planning Target Volume (PTV) of the whole bilateral breast cancer with the supraclavicular and infraclavicular nodes, with a complementary boost of 10 Gy in 4 fractions to the surgical bed (PTV</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">boost</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">). For both radiotherapy techniques, several V</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">xGy</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> parameters were analyzed for the PTVs, together with the Conformity index (CI), the Homogeneity index (HI) and the critical organs at risk (OARs), lungs and heart. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The patient was treated by the VMAT technique and the daily treatment time was less than 20 minutes with daily CBCT imaging. In the VMAT plan, the PTV 95% dose covered 38.89 ± 0.81 Gy, compared to 37.26 ± 1.02 Gy in the FiF technique. The VMAT plan improved the dose homogeneity index and lower dose in lung towards high dose region. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The study demonstrates the viability of the VMAT technique in the treatment of bilateral breast cancer. The introduced single isocentric VMAT technique is fast to deliver and it increases the dose homogeneity of the target volume with some limitations. The treatment was well tolerated, without interruption of the treatment courses caused by treatment</span></span><span styl展开更多
文摘Objective: To study the altering rule of coagulation function at molecular level in patients with secondary brain injury (SBI). Methods: Tissue factor (TF) and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) were studied in 32 patients 1, 2, 3 and 7 days after craniocerebral injury. Repeated cranial CT scans and platelet counts were made simultaneously. Same measurements were done in 30 normal adults except CT scan. Results: No obvious difference was found in age, sex and platelet count between the injured and the normal groups. TFPI/TF decreased markedly in the first week after injury in patients with SBI, but only decreased on the 7th day in the patients without obvious SBI. For the patients who developed delayed intracranial hematoma (DIH) or hematoma enlargement, TF rose only 1 and 2 days after injury, but TFPI had a tendency to rise again after a fall on the 3rd day. For those patients who developed no DIH, TF rose all the time within the 1st week. Conclusions: Decrease of TFPI/TF for a long time, especially within 3 days after injury, may be one of the most important reasons for SBI. High expression of TF for a relative short time and increase of TFPI after a fall within 3 days may be one of the important reasons for DIH or hematoma enlargement.
文摘AIM: To investigate FasL expression in hilar cholangiocarcinoma tissues and cultured cholangiocarcinoma cells, and to assess its ability to induce apoptosis. METHODS: We studied the expression of FasL by human hilar cholangiocaroinomas tissues by immunohistochemistry, and the QBC939 cholangiocarcinoma cell line by RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and Western Blot. TUNEL and flow cytometry were used to detect apoptotic cells. RESULTS: Prevalent expression of FasL was detected in 39 resected hilar cholangiocarcinoma tissues. TUNEL staining disclosed a high level of cell death among lymphocytes infiltrating FasL positive areas of tumor. FasL mRNA and protein expressions in cholangiocarcinoma cells could induce Jurkat cells. CONCLUSION: Hilar cholangiocarcinomas may elude immunological surveillance by inducing, via Fas/FasL system, the apoptosis of activated lymphocytes.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50271060)Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University of China(IRT0650)Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China(503291)
文摘Various isothermal compression tests are carried out on an ultrahigh carbon steel （1.2% C in mass percent）, initially quenched or spheroidized, using a Gleeble-3500 system. The true stress is observed to decrease with increas ing temperature and decreasing strain rate. The true stress of the initially quenched steel is lower than that of the ini- tially spheroidized steel at high deformation temperature （700 ~C） and low deformation strain rate （0. 001 s-1 ）. The value of the deformation activation energy （Q） of the initially quenched steel （331.56 kJ/mol） is higher than that of the initially spheroidized steel （297.94 kJ/mol）. The initially quenched steel has lower efficiency of power dissipation and better processability than the initially spheroidized steel. The warm compression promotes the fragmentation and the spheroidization of lamellar cementites in the initially quenched steel. The fragmentation of lamellar cementites is the spheroidizing mechanism of the eementites in the initially quenched steel. Results of transmission electron microscope investigation showed that fine grains with high angle boundaries are obtained by deformation of the initially quenched steel.
文摘Purpose: Dosimetric study to evaluate impact of “beam” reduction in AVM radiosurgery on normal brain dose parameters and it’s clinical implications. Materials and Methods: Five small volume AVMs (nidus volume 0.31 - 1.94 cc) planned for single fraction SRS with robotic radiosurgery system. Planning scans done with CT scan brain, CT & MR angiography, then nidus volume and organ at risk (OARs) were contoured. Planning was done with multiplan planning system. Plan evaluated as per Flickenger model parameters of 12 Gy nomal brain vol & marginal dose. 7.5 mm and 10 mm cons used, optimization done with seqential algorithm. 20 Gy was prescribed to isodose with appropriate nidus coverage (>98%). Total beams of five plans were 85 - 250, monitor unit 17,259 - 24,602 MU. 12 Gy normal brain volume is 0.9 - 7.6 cc. Then beam reduction is done by reducing beams with minimum MU in steps of 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 MU and after beam reduction, re-optimization done. Prescription isodose was changed to keep the nidus coverage > 98%. Impacts of beam reduction on 12 Gy normal brain vol and conformity/homogeniety index were analyzed. Results: Optimal plans of five patients with 20 Gy prescribed to 88% - 90% isodose, nidus coverage more than 98%. In dosimetric parameters, mean CI was 1.36 - 1.51, nCI 1.41 - 1.51, HI 1.1 - 1.4 and mean 12 Gy normal brain volume 0.17, 1.44, 5.3, 5.5 and 7.6cc respectively. After beam reduction of less than 50 MU contribution (in case#1), prescibing at suitable isodose (85%) beam reduces to 79 and 12 Gy volume marginally increases to 26.4 cc. Beam reduction of less than 100 MU reduces to 53 - 92 beamlets. Reduction of beams with less than 150 MU contribution did not significantly change the 12Gy normal brain volume. However, reduction of beamlets with more than 200 MU, 250 MU, 300 MU, 450 MU and 550 MU significantly affects the 12 Gy normal brain volume. Prescription-isodose modified from 83% to 50% to have >98% coverage. CI and HI increased from 1.36 - 1.51 to 2.51 - 2.63 and 1.1 - 1.4 to 1.52 - 1.5
基金The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.50278013)
文摘The objective of this study is to increase the insight into the mechanical behaviors of steel fiber reinforced high-performance concrete （SFHPC） after exposure to high temperatures. Three types of steel fibers were used and three-point bending tests on notched beams of SFHPC were carried out. The results showed that the flexural toughness and fracture energy of SFHPC increased evidently with the fiber content. The hooked steel fibers with higher strength possess higher flexural toughness and fracture energy than the marked steel fibers with lower strength. After exposure to high temperatures of 300, 600 and 900 ℃ in an electrical furnace, the compressive strength, flexural toughness and fracture energy of SFHPC decreased less than that of HPC without fibers, Both steel fiber content and type had strong influences on the flexural toughness and fracture energy. In addition, the failure patterns of SFHPC beams changed from pull-out of steel fibers at lower temperatures to tensile failure of steel fibers at 900 ℃.
文摘<strong>Purpose:</strong><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The study was performed comparing dosimetric characteristics of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) and field-in-field (FiF) techniques on a patient with synchronous bilateral breast carcinoma. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Methods:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The patients with bilateral breast cancer treatment were included in this study. A total dose of 40.05 Gy in 15 fractions was prescribed to the Planning Target Volume (PTV) of the whole bilateral breast cancer with the supraclavicular and infraclavicular nodes, with a complementary boost of 10 Gy in 4 fractions to the surgical bed (PTV</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">boost</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">). For both radiotherapy techniques, several V</span><sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;">xGy</span></sub><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> parameters were analyzed for the PTVs, together with the Conformity index (CI), the Homogeneity index (HI) and the critical organs at risk (OARs), lungs and heart. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Results:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The patient was treated by the VMAT technique and the daily treatment time was less than 20 minutes with daily CBCT imaging. In the VMAT plan, the PTV 95% dose covered 38.89 ± 0.81 Gy, compared to 37.26 ± 1.02 Gy in the FiF technique. The VMAT plan improved the dose homogeneity index and lower dose in lung towards high dose region. </span><b><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Conclusion:</span></b><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> The study demonstrates the viability of the VMAT technique in the treatment of bilateral breast cancer. The introduced single isocentric VMAT technique is fast to deliver and it increases the dose homogeneity of the target volume with some limitations. The treatment was well tolerated, without interruption of the treatment courses caused by treatment</span></span><span styl
