OBJECTIVE Chronic stress is one of the important factors in the development of many mental and neurological diseases,and cause damage to the central nervous system,affect animal emotions and damage the immune function...OBJECTIVE Chronic stress is one of the important factors in the development of many mental and neurological diseases,and cause damage to the central nervous system,affect animal emotions and damage the immune function of the body.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of LW-AFC which extracting from traditional Chinese medicine prescription Liuwei Dihuang decoctionon the anxiety-like behaviorand immune dysfunction abnormalities caused by chronic stress,and whether immune intervention affect the action of LW-AFC.METHODS Male BALB/c mice were subcutaneously injected with corticosterone(25 mg·kg^-1)for 28 d to establish a chronic stress model.Cyclophos⁃phamide(Cy,80 mg·kg^-1)was injected continuously for the initial three days,followed by once a week,LW-AFC(1.6 g·kg^-1)was given continuously for 28 d.Then investigate the emotion changes by open field and elevated plus maze tests,and detected the lymphocyte proliferation,lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood,microglia and astrocyte expression,and inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood and brain tissue.RESULTS The mice showed obvious depressive-like behaviorafter 28 d of continuous corticosterone injection.LW-AFC could significantly improve the anxietybehavior induced by corticosterone injection,but LW-AFC could not improve the anxietybehavior of mice by Cy intervention.The expression of glial cells in hippocampus of corticosterone-induced mice showed an upward trend,and the activation of microglia and astrocytes have significantly increase in corticosterone and Cy injected mice.LW-AFC significantly decreased the activation of microglia and astrocytes in corticosterone-induced mice with Cy intervention.This suggested that LW-AFC can reduce the damage of stress on the immune function of central nervous system under immunosuppres⁃sive state.Furthermore,LW-AFC could significantly up-regulate the proliferation of splenic lymphocyte stimulated by LPS and ConA,up-regulate the proportion of CD3+CD8+cells,reduce the proportion of CD4+/CD8+cells,d展开更多
胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor,GDNF)是神经营养因子家族中的一员,在肠道发挥着促进肠神经元存活、增殖、迁移、分化和轴突生长的作用.随着肠神经胶质细胞(enteric glia cells,EGCs)在肠道炎...胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor,GDNF)是神经营养因子家族中的一员,在肠道发挥着促进肠神经元存活、增殖、迁移、分化和轴突生长的作用.随着肠神经胶质细胞(enteric glia cells,EGCs)在肠道炎症中所发挥作用研究的深入,GDNF又以一个肠道抗炎因素的身份进入人们的视野.并且,在近年的研究中G D N F从一个E G C s保护肠道上皮屏障的执行者逐渐演变成为多种肠道炎症保护机制中的重要角色,成为重重肠道炎症防御机制中的焦点.在肠道炎性疾病的发生和发展中G D N F同样扮演着非常重要的角色.本文总结近年来该领域的研究成果,力求全面地反映GDNF在肠道炎性疾病发生发展的过程中所发挥的作用.展开更多
Fishes have remarkable ability to effectively rebuild the structure of nerve cells and nerve fibers after central nervous system injury.However,the underlying mechanism is poorly understood.In order to address this is...Fishes have remarkable ability to effectively rebuild the structure of nerve cells and nerve fibers after central nervous system injury.However,the underlying mechanism is poorly understood.In order to address this issue,we investigated the proliferation and apoptosis of cells in contralateral and ipsilateral optic nerves,after stab wound injury to the eye of an adult trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.Heterogenous population of proliferating cells was investigated at 1 week after injury.TUNEL labeling gave a qualitative and quantitative assessment of apoptosis in the cells of optic nerve of trout 2 days after injury.After optic nerve injury,apoptotic response was investigated,and mass patterns of cell migration were found.The maximal concentration of apoptotic bodies was detected in the areas of mass clumps of cells.It is probably indicative of massive cell death in the area of high phagocytic activity of macrophages/microglia.At 1 week after optic nerve injury,we observed nerve cell proliferation in the trout brain integration centers：the cerebellum and the optic tectum.In the optic tectum,proliferating cell nuclear antigen（PCNA）-immunopositive radial glia-like cells were identified.Proliferative activity of nerve cells was detected in the dorsal proliferative（matrix） area of the cerebellum and in parenchymal cells of the molecular and granular layers whereas local clusters of undifferentiated cells which formed neurogenic niches were observed in both the optic tectum and cerebellum after optic nerve injury.In vitro analysis of brain cells of trout showed that suspension cells compared with monolayer cells retain higher proliferative activity,as evidenced by PCNA immunolabeling.Phase contrast observation showed mitosis in individual cells and the formation of neurospheres which gradually increased during 1–4 days of culture.The present findings suggest that trout can be used as a novel model for studying neuronal regeneration.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(81473191)National Key Research and Development Program(2016YFC1306300)
文摘OBJECTIVE Chronic stress is one of the important factors in the development of many mental and neurological diseases,and cause damage to the central nervous system,affect animal emotions and damage the immune function of the body.The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of LW-AFC which extracting from traditional Chinese medicine prescription Liuwei Dihuang decoctionon the anxiety-like behaviorand immune dysfunction abnormalities caused by chronic stress,and whether immune intervention affect the action of LW-AFC.METHODS Male BALB/c mice were subcutaneously injected with corticosterone(25 mg·kg^-1)for 28 d to establish a chronic stress model.Cyclophos⁃phamide(Cy,80 mg·kg^-1)was injected continuously for the initial three days,followed by once a week,LW-AFC(1.6 g·kg^-1)was given continuously for 28 d.Then investigate the emotion changes by open field and elevated plus maze tests,and detected the lymphocyte proliferation,lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood,microglia and astrocyte expression,and inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood and brain tissue.RESULTS The mice showed obvious depressive-like behaviorafter 28 d of continuous corticosterone injection.LW-AFC could significantly improve the anxietybehavior induced by corticosterone injection,but LW-AFC could not improve the anxietybehavior of mice by Cy intervention.The expression of glial cells in hippocampus of corticosterone-induced mice showed an upward trend,and the activation of microglia and astrocytes have significantly increase in corticosterone and Cy injected mice.LW-AFC significantly decreased the activation of microglia and astrocytes in corticosterone-induced mice with Cy intervention.This suggested that LW-AFC can reduce the damage of stress on the immune function of central nervous system under immunosuppres⁃sive state.Furthermore,LW-AFC could significantly up-regulate the proliferation of splenic lymphocyte stimulated by LPS and ConA,up-regulate the proportion of CD3+CD8+cells,reduce the proportion of CD4+/CD8+cells,d
文摘胶质细胞源性神经营养因子(glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor,GDNF)是神经营养因子家族中的一员,在肠道发挥着促进肠神经元存活、增殖、迁移、分化和轴突生长的作用.随着肠神经胶质细胞(enteric glia cells,EGCs)在肠道炎症中所发挥作用研究的深入,GDNF又以一个肠道抗炎因素的身份进入人们的视野.并且,在近年的研究中G D N F从一个E G C s保护肠道上皮屏障的执行者逐渐演变成为多种肠道炎症保护机制中的重要角色,成为重重肠道炎症防御机制中的焦点.在肠道炎性疾病的发生和发展中G D N F同样扮演着非常重要的角色.本文总结近年来该领域的研究成果,力求全面地反映GDNF在肠道炎性疾病发生发展的过程中所发挥的作用.
基金supported by a grant from President of Russian Federation (No.MD-4318.2015.4)a grant from Program for Basic Research of the Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 2015–2017 (No.15-I-6-116,section Ⅲ)DST-INSPIRE Faculty Grant (No.IFA14-LSBM-104) from the Department of Science and Technology (DST),Government of India
文摘Fishes have remarkable ability to effectively rebuild the structure of nerve cells and nerve fibers after central nervous system injury.However,the underlying mechanism is poorly understood.In order to address this issue,we investigated the proliferation and apoptosis of cells in contralateral and ipsilateral optic nerves,after stab wound injury to the eye of an adult trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.Heterogenous population of proliferating cells was investigated at 1 week after injury.TUNEL labeling gave a qualitative and quantitative assessment of apoptosis in the cells of optic nerve of trout 2 days after injury.After optic nerve injury,apoptotic response was investigated,and mass patterns of cell migration were found.The maximal concentration of apoptotic bodies was detected in the areas of mass clumps of cells.It is probably indicative of massive cell death in the area of high phagocytic activity of macrophages/microglia.At 1 week after optic nerve injury,we observed nerve cell proliferation in the trout brain integration centers：the cerebellum and the optic tectum.In the optic tectum,proliferating cell nuclear antigen（PCNA）-immunopositive radial glia-like cells were identified.Proliferative activity of nerve cells was detected in the dorsal proliferative（matrix） area of the cerebellum and in parenchymal cells of the molecular and granular layers whereas local clusters of undifferentiated cells which formed neurogenic niches were observed in both the optic tectum and cerebellum after optic nerve injury.In vitro analysis of brain cells of trout showed that suspension cells compared with monolayer cells retain higher proliferative activity,as evidenced by PCNA immunolabeling.Phase contrast observation showed mitosis in individual cells and the formation of neurospheres which gradually increased during 1–4 days of culture.The present findings suggest that trout can be used as a novel model for studying neuronal regeneration.
