Gas-liquid microreaction technology has shown great potential in a variety of industrial relevant mass transfer operations and reactions. This paper outlines the current research status of this technology with emphasi...Gas-liquid microreaction technology has shown great potential in a variety of industrial relevant mass transfer operations and reactions. This paper outlines the current research status of this technology with emphasis on reactor design, hydrodynamics and mass transfer phenomena as well as reaction applications. The future challenges of this important technology are also summarized.展开更多
以 Na OH和 CO2 冷模体系系统研究了高气液比、高喉管气速、高传质速率气液类喷射反应器的反应性能 ,考察了五种不同规格文丘里喷嘴的阻力特性和反应性能 ,研究了不同高径比反应釜体对喷嘴阻力及反应器性能的影响。并利用优选的文丘里...以 Na OH和 CO2 冷模体系系统研究了高气液比、高喉管气速、高传质速率气液类喷射反应器的反应性能 ,考察了五种不同规格文丘里喷嘴的阻力特性和反应性能 ,研究了不同高径比反应釜体对喷嘴阻力及反应器性能的影响。并利用优选的文丘里喷嘴和自制的喷射反应器首次对脂肪酸甲酯进行了喷射磺化 ,初步试验取得较好的效果 ,甲酯最高转化率为 95 % ,SO3转化率则达 99% ,可与膜式反应器相媲美。展开更多
According to the mechanism of sulfur removal easily through oxidation, the process of smelting oxidation desulfurization of copper slags is studied, which supplies a new thinking for obtaining the molten iron of lower...According to the mechanism of sulfur removal easily through oxidation, the process of smelting oxidation desulfurization of copper slags is studied, which supplies a new thinking for obtaining the molten iron of lower sulfur content by smelting reduction of copper slags. Special attention is given to the effects of the holding temperature, the holding time and CaF2, CaO addition amounts on the desulfurization rate of copper slags. The results indicate that the rate of copper slags smelting oxidation desulfurization depends on the matte mass transfer rate through the slag phase. After the oxidation treatment, sulfur of copper slags can be removed as SO2 efficiently. Amount of Ca2＋ of copper slags affects the desulfurization rate greatly, and the slag desulfurization rate is reduced by adding a certain amount of CaF2 and CaO. Compared with CaF2, CaO is negative to slags sulfur removal with equal Ca2＋ addition. Under the air flow of 0.3 U/min, the sulfur content of copper slags can be reduced to 0. 004 67% in the condition of the holding time of 3 min and the holding temperature of 1 500 ℃. The sulfur content of molten iron is reduced to 0. 000 8 % in the smelting reduction of treated slags, and the problem of high sulfur content of molten iron obtained by smelting reduction with copper slag has been successively solved.展开更多
The composite researchers are paying more attention to in situ reacted composites owing to their achievements, such as simpler fabrication process, lower cost of fabrication, and more excellent and controllable mechan...The composite researchers are paying more attention to in situ reacted composites owing to their achievements, such as simpler fabrication process, lower cost of fabrication, and more excellent and controllable mechanical properties. Recently, in situ MMCs studies are concentrated on making full use of dispersion strengthening of in展开更多
The porous structure of alumina is influenced by various factors during the synthesis process.In this study,we proposed a gas-liquid interfacial deposition method,different from conventional liquid-phase reactions,whi...The porous structure of alumina is influenced by various factors during the synthesis process.In this study,we proposed a gas-liquid interfacial deposition method,different from conventional liquid-phase reactions,which effectively slows down the precipitation rate,facilitating the investigation of the pore structure and morphology changes of alumina during the synthesis process.Ammonia (NH3);carbon dioxide (CO_(2)) generated by the decomposition of inorganic ammonium salts constitute the gas phase,while the aqueous solution of the inorganic aluminum salt serves as the liquid phase.The gas diffuses,contacts,dissolves and reacts with the inorganic aluminum salt solution,constructing a platform for gas-liquid interfacial deposition at the gas-liquid interface.We precisely regulated the critical factors that affected the precipitation rate during the reaction process,such as gas-liquid reaction methods,precipitant types,aluminum salt types,and reaction temperatures,leading to systematic changes in the pore structures of the obtained alumina.After considering the influence of precipitation rate,pH value,and anion types,we found that the fundamental factor affecting pore structure lies in the water content of the precursors.By controlling the phase and crystallinity of the precursors,alumina with a large mesopore size distribution concentrated at 25.3 nm can be obtained.展开更多
Evaporating bubble column reactor (EBCR) is a kind of aerated reactor in which the reaction heat is removed by the evaporation of volatile reaction mixture. In this paper, a mathematical model that accounts for the ga...Evaporating bubble column reactor (EBCR) is a kind of aerated reactor in which the reaction heat is removed by the evaporation of volatile reaction mixture. In this paper, a mathematical model that accounts for the gas-liquid exothermic reaction and axial dispersions of both gas and liquid phase is employed to study the performance of EBCR for the process of p-xylene(PX) oxidation. The computational results show that there are remarkable concentration and temperature gradients in EBCR for high ratio of height to diameter (H/DT). The temperature is lower at the bottom of column and higher at the top, due to rapid evaporation induced by the feed gas near the bottom. The concentration profiles in the gas phase are more nonuniform than those (except PX) in the liquid phase, which causes more solvent burning consumption at high H/DT ratio. For p-xylene oxidation, theo ptimal H/DT is around 5.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （20490208, 20676129）, the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China （2006AA05Z233, 2007AA030206）.
文摘Gas-liquid microreaction technology has shown great potential in a variety of industrial relevant mass transfer operations and reactions. This paper outlines the current research status of this technology with emphasis on reactor design, hydrodynamics and mass transfer phenomena as well as reaction applications. The future challenges of this important technology are also summarized.
基金Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China ( 50906035 , 51204082 )
文摘According to the mechanism of sulfur removal easily through oxidation, the process of smelting oxidation desulfurization of copper slags is studied, which supplies a new thinking for obtaining the molten iron of lower sulfur content by smelting reduction of copper slags. Special attention is given to the effects of the holding temperature, the holding time and CaF2, CaO addition amounts on the desulfurization rate of copper slags. The results indicate that the rate of copper slags smelting oxidation desulfurization depends on the matte mass transfer rate through the slag phase. After the oxidation treatment, sulfur of copper slags can be removed as SO2 efficiently. Amount of Ca2＋ of copper slags affects the desulfurization rate greatly, and the slag desulfurization rate is reduced by adding a certain amount of CaF2 and CaO. Compared with CaF2, CaO is negative to slags sulfur removal with equal Ca2＋ addition. Under the air flow of 0.3 U/min, the sulfur content of copper slags can be reduced to 0. 004 67% in the condition of the holding time of 3 min and the holding temperature of 1 500 ℃. The sulfur content of molten iron is reduced to 0. 000 8 % in the smelting reduction of treated slags, and the problem of high sulfur content of molten iron obtained by smelting reduction with copper slag has been successively solved.
基金State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites of shanghai Jiaotong University Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures of Nanjing University.
文摘The composite researchers are paying more attention to in situ reacted composites owing to their achievements, such as simpler fabrication process, lower cost of fabrication, and more excellent and controllable mechanical properties. Recently, in situ MMCs studies are concentrated on making full use of dispersion strengthening of in
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Project of China(Nos.2021YFA1500301,2018YFA0209404).
文摘The porous structure of alumina is influenced by various factors during the synthesis process.In this study,we proposed a gas-liquid interfacial deposition method,different from conventional liquid-phase reactions,which effectively slows down the precipitation rate,facilitating the investigation of the pore structure and morphology changes of alumina during the synthesis process.Ammonia (NH3);carbon dioxide (CO_(2)) generated by the decomposition of inorganic ammonium salts constitute the gas phase,while the aqueous solution of the inorganic aluminum salt serves as the liquid phase.The gas diffuses,contacts,dissolves and reacts with the inorganic aluminum salt solution,constructing a platform for gas-liquid interfacial deposition at the gas-liquid interface.We precisely regulated the critical factors that affected the precipitation rate during the reaction process,such as gas-liquid reaction methods,precipitant types,aluminum salt types,and reaction temperatures,leading to systematic changes in the pore structures of the obtained alumina.After considering the influence of precipitation rate,pH value,and anion types,we found that the fundamental factor affecting pore structure lies in the water content of the precursors.By controlling the phase and crystallinity of the precursors,alumina with a large mesopore size distribution concentrated at 25.3 nm can be obtained.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20076039) and SINOPEC.
文摘Evaporating bubble column reactor (EBCR) is a kind of aerated reactor in which the reaction heat is removed by the evaporation of volatile reaction mixture. In this paper, a mathematical model that accounts for the gas-liquid exothermic reaction and axial dispersions of both gas and liquid phase is employed to study the performance of EBCR for the process of p-xylene(PX) oxidation. The computational results show that there are remarkable concentration and temperature gradients in EBCR for high ratio of height to diameter (H/DT). The temperature is lower at the bottom of column and higher at the top, due to rapid evaporation induced by the feed gas near the bottom. The concentration profiles in the gas phase are more nonuniform than those (except PX) in the liquid phase, which causes more solvent burning consumption at high H/DT ratio. For p-xylene oxidation, theo ptimal H/DT is around 5.
