In order to clarify the fatigue damage evolution of concrete exposed to flexural fatigue loads,ultrasonic pulse velocity(UPV),impact-echo technology and surface electrical resistance(SR) method were used.Damage variab...In order to clarify the fatigue damage evolution of concrete exposed to flexural fatigue loads,ultrasonic pulse velocity(UPV),impact-echo technology and surface electrical resistance(SR) method were used.Damage variable based on the change of velocity of ultrasonic pulse(Du) and impact elastic wave(Di)were defined according to the classical damage theory.The influences of stress level,loading frequency and concrete strength on damage variable were measured.The experimental results show that Du and Di both present a three-stages trend for concrete exposed to fatigue loads.Since impact elastic wave is more sensitive to the microstructure damage in stage Ⅲ,the critical damage variable,i e,the damage variable before the final fracture of concrete of Di is slightly higher than that of Du.Meanwhile,the evolution of SR of concrete exposed to fatigue loads were analyzed and the relationship between SR and Du,SR and Di of concrete exposed to fatigue loads were established.It is found that the SR of concrete was decreased with the increasing fatigue cycles,indicating that surface electrical resistance method can also be applied to describe the damage of ballastless track concrete exposed to fatigue loads.展开更多
在传统的回归再时效(retrogression and re-aging,RRA)工艺(峰时效)基础上降低预时效或再时效温度,对Fe和Si杂质含量高的超高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金挤压棒材进行RRA处理,通过拉伸性能和疲劳性能测试以及扫描电镜和透射电镜观察,研究RRA工艺...在传统的回归再时效(retrogression and re-aging,RRA)工艺(峰时效)基础上降低预时效或再时效温度,对Fe和Si杂质含量高的超高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金挤压棒材进行RRA处理,通过拉伸性能和疲劳性能测试以及扫描电镜和透射电镜观察,研究RRA工艺对合金力学性能与组织的影响。结果表明:降低预时效或再时效温度都可明显提高该合金的塑性和抗疲劳损伤性能,略微降低合金的抗拉强度。采用峰时效温度(120℃)RRA处理后的合金,晶内的主要析出相为尺寸较大的η′相,不能被位错切割,合金强度较高(674 MPa),但塑性和抗疲劳损伤性能差,伸长率为11.1%,最终应力强度因子幅值ΔK=26.8 MPa·m1/2;降低时效温度可增加析出相中GP区粒子的比例,减小η′相的尺寸,从而提高塑性变形能力以及抗疲劳损伤性能。展开更多
基金Funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U1934206,52208299,and 52108260)the 2021 Tencent XPLORER PRIZE。
文摘In order to clarify the fatigue damage evolution of concrete exposed to flexural fatigue loads,ultrasonic pulse velocity(UPV),impact-echo technology and surface electrical resistance(SR) method were used.Damage variable based on the change of velocity of ultrasonic pulse(Du) and impact elastic wave(Di)were defined according to the classical damage theory.The influences of stress level,loading frequency and concrete strength on damage variable were measured.The experimental results show that Du and Di both present a three-stages trend for concrete exposed to fatigue loads.Since impact elastic wave is more sensitive to the microstructure damage in stage Ⅲ,the critical damage variable,i e,the damage variable before the final fracture of concrete of Di is slightly higher than that of Du.Meanwhile,the evolution of SR of concrete exposed to fatigue loads were analyzed and the relationship between SR and Du,SR and Di of concrete exposed to fatigue loads were established.It is found that the SR of concrete was decreased with the increasing fatigue cycles,indicating that surface electrical resistance method can also be applied to describe the damage of ballastless track concrete exposed to fatigue loads.
文摘在传统的回归再时效(retrogression and re-aging,RRA)工艺(峰时效)基础上降低预时效或再时效温度,对Fe和Si杂质含量高的超高强Al-Zn-Mg-Cu合金挤压棒材进行RRA处理,通过拉伸性能和疲劳性能测试以及扫描电镜和透射电镜观察,研究RRA工艺对合金力学性能与组织的影响。结果表明:降低预时效或再时效温度都可明显提高该合金的塑性和抗疲劳损伤性能,略微降低合金的抗拉强度。采用峰时效温度(120℃)RRA处理后的合金,晶内的主要析出相为尺寸较大的η′相,不能被位错切割,合金强度较高(674 MPa),但塑性和抗疲劳损伤性能差,伸长率为11.1%,最终应力强度因子幅值ΔK=26.8 MPa·m1/2;降低时效温度可增加析出相中GP区粒子的比例,减小η′相的尺寸,从而提高塑性变形能力以及抗疲劳损伤性能。
