利用TAW–2000 k N三轴试验系统和SH–II声发射系统,对循环载荷下煤样能量转化规律和声发射特征开展研究。试验结果表明:通过煤样破坏形态和循环曲线规律,c05破坏瞬时突然崩裂,c06曲线破坏前出现明显塑性跳跃,c08局部失稳累计成扰动破坏...利用TAW–2000 k N三轴试验系统和SH–II声发射系统,对循环载荷下煤样能量转化规律和声发射特征开展研究。试验结果表明:通过煤样破坏形态和循环曲线规律,c05破坏瞬时突然崩裂,c06曲线破坏前出现明显塑性跳跃,c08局部失稳累计成扰动破坏,破坏时曲线不断波动。从能量转化角度分析失稳前兆,一次初判通过耗散能加速增长,弹性能达到峰值及弹性能量指数达到极大值,二次终判通过弹性能不变,塑性能增加。随着循环载荷的增加,耗散能整体呈现上升趋势。通过阻尼比评价煤样抗震性顺序为c06>c08>c05,结论与单轴抗压强度一致。以径向弹性能和体弹性能均呈现降低趋势和径向塑性能和体塑性能均呈现升高趋势作为失稳判据有一定参考。加载阶段声发射计数峰值呈现倒"梯形",卸载阶段声发射计数峰值呈现递减趋势。循环载荷加载前期Kaiser效应明显,后期Felicity效应明显。通过加载阶段和卸载阶段声发射特征参数变化规律可知,塑性能可以利用加载阶段声发射计数和能量表征,耗散能可以利用卸载阶段声发射计数表征;通过循环加卸载声发射特征参数变化规律,声发射累计计数与塑性能呈现一致规律,耗散能和声发射能量规律性一致。通过声发射能量突升和声发射幅值的突降来预判煤岩的失稳。展开更多
Research on two-dimensional(2D) materials has been explosively increasing in last seventeen years in varying subjects including condensed matter physics, electronic engineering, materials science, and chemistry since ...Research on two-dimensional(2D) materials has been explosively increasing in last seventeen years in varying subjects including condensed matter physics, electronic engineering, materials science, and chemistry since the mechanical exfoliation of graphene in 2004. Starting from graphene, 2D materials now have become a big family with numerous members and diverse categories. The unique structural features and physicochemical properties of 2D materials make them one class of the most appealing candidates for a wide range of potential applications. In particular, we have seen some major breakthroughs made in the field of 2D materials in last five years not only in developing novel synthetic methods and exploring new structures/properties but also in identifying innovative applications and pushing forward commercialisation. In this review, we provide a critical summary on the recent progress made in the field of 2D materials with a particular focus on last five years. After a brief backgroundintroduction, we first discuss the major synthetic methods for 2D materials, including the mechanical exfoliation, liquid exfoliation, vapor phase deposition, and wet-chemical synthesis as well as phase engineering of 2D materials belonging to the field of phase engineering of nanomaterials(PEN). We then introduce the superconducting/optical/magnetic properties and chirality of 2D materials along with newly emerging magic angle 2D superlattices. Following that, the promising applications of 2D materials in electronics, optoelectronics, catalysis, energy storage, solar cells, biomedicine, sensors, environments, etc. are described sequentially. Thereafter, we present the theoretic calculations and simulations of 2D materials. Finally, after concluding the current progress, we provide some personal discussions on the existing challenges and future outlooks in this rapidly developing field.展开更多
文摘利用TAW–2000 k N三轴试验系统和SH–II声发射系统,对循环载荷下煤样能量转化规律和声发射特征开展研究。试验结果表明:通过煤样破坏形态和循环曲线规律,c05破坏瞬时突然崩裂,c06曲线破坏前出现明显塑性跳跃,c08局部失稳累计成扰动破坏,破坏时曲线不断波动。从能量转化角度分析失稳前兆,一次初判通过耗散能加速增长,弹性能达到峰值及弹性能量指数达到极大值,二次终判通过弹性能不变,塑性能增加。随着循环载荷的增加,耗散能整体呈现上升趋势。通过阻尼比评价煤样抗震性顺序为c06>c08>c05,结论与单轴抗压强度一致。以径向弹性能和体弹性能均呈现降低趋势和径向塑性能和体塑性能均呈现升高趋势作为失稳判据有一定参考。加载阶段声发射计数峰值呈现倒"梯形",卸载阶段声发射计数峰值呈现递减趋势。循环载荷加载前期Kaiser效应明显,后期Felicity效应明显。通过加载阶段和卸载阶段声发射特征参数变化规律可知,塑性能可以利用加载阶段声发射计数和能量表征,耗散能可以利用卸载阶段声发射计数表征;通过循环加卸载声发射特征参数变化规律,声发射累计计数与塑性能呈现一致规律,耗散能和声发射能量规律性一致。通过声发射能量突升和声发射幅值的突降来预判煤岩的失稳。
文摘Research on two-dimensional(2D) materials has been explosively increasing in last seventeen years in varying subjects including condensed matter physics, electronic engineering, materials science, and chemistry since the mechanical exfoliation of graphene in 2004. Starting from graphene, 2D materials now have become a big family with numerous members and diverse categories. The unique structural features and physicochemical properties of 2D materials make them one class of the most appealing candidates for a wide range of potential applications. In particular, we have seen some major breakthroughs made in the field of 2D materials in last five years not only in developing novel synthetic methods and exploring new structures/properties but also in identifying innovative applications and pushing forward commercialisation. In this review, we provide a critical summary on the recent progress made in the field of 2D materials with a particular focus on last five years. After a brief backgroundintroduction, we first discuss the major synthetic methods for 2D materials, including the mechanical exfoliation, liquid exfoliation, vapor phase deposition, and wet-chemical synthesis as well as phase engineering of 2D materials belonging to the field of phase engineering of nanomaterials(PEN). We then introduce the superconducting/optical/magnetic properties and chirality of 2D materials along with newly emerging magic angle 2D superlattices. Following that, the promising applications of 2D materials in electronics, optoelectronics, catalysis, energy storage, solar cells, biomedicine, sensors, environments, etc. are described sequentially. Thereafter, we present the theoretic calculations and simulations of 2D materials. Finally, after concluding the current progress, we provide some personal discussions on the existing challenges and future outlooks in this rapidly developing field.
