Objective： To evaluate the in vitro antibacterial properties and the ability to potentiate some common antibiotics effects of the methanol extracts of 11 Cameroonian food plants on 29 Gram-negative bacteria expressin...Objective： To evaluate the in vitro antibacterial properties and the ability to potentiate some common antibiotics effects of the methanol extracts of 11 Cameroonian food plants on 29 Gram-negative bacteria expressing multidrug resistant （MDR） phenotypes. Methods： The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was performed using the broth microdilution method. The phytochemical screening of these extracts was also performed using standard methods. Resalts： Ocimum basilicum, Gnetum africanum and Eucalyptus robusta extracts possessed an antibacterial activity against all the 29 studied bacteria. The extracts from G. africanum and E. robusta were the most active with the lowest minimal inhibitory concentration of 64 p, g/mL on Escherichia coil AG100A for both extracts and also against Klebsiella pneumoniae K24 for G. africanum. When tested in the presence of phenylalanine-arginine 13 -Naphtylamide （PA 13 N）, an efflux pump inhibitor, the extract of Thymus vulgafis and E. Robusta showed the best activities on most tested strains. E. Robusta extract showed good synergistic effects, improving the activity of commonly used antibiotics in about 85% of cases. Coaclasion： The overall results obtained provide the baseline information for the use of the tested plants in the treatment of bacterial infections.展开更多
Background Candida albicans is the most frequently seen opportunistic human fungal pathogen. Terbinafine is an allylamine antifungal agent that has been proven to have high clinical efficacy in the therapy of fungal i...Background Candida albicans is the most frequently seen opportunistic human fungal pathogen. Terbinafine is an allylamine antifungal agent that has been proven to have high clinical efficacy in the therapy of fungal infections, the mechanism of action of terbinafine involves the specific inhibition of fungal squalene epoxidase, resulting in ergosterol deficiency and accumulation of intracellular squalene. We used cDNA microarray analysis technology to monitor global expression profile changes of Candida albicans genes in response to terbinafine treatment, and we anticipated a panoramic view of the responses of Candida albicans cells to the representatives of allylamine antifungal agents at the molecular level in an effort to identify drug class-specific and mechanism-independent changes in gene expression.Methods Candida albicans strain ATCC 90028 was exposed to either medium alone or terbinafine at a concentration equivalent to the 1/2 minimal inhibitory concentrations （MICs, 4 mg/L） for 90 minutes. RNA was isolated and gene expression profiles were compared to identify the changes in the gene expression profile using a cDNA microarray analysis. Differential expression of 10 select genes detected by cDNA microarray analysis was confirmed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. Results A total of 222 genes were found to be responsive to terbinafine, including 121 up-regulated genes and 101 down-regulated genes. These included genes encoding membrane transport proteins belonging to the members of the ATP-binding cassette （ABC） or major facilitator supeffamily （MFS; CDR1, AGP2, GAP6, PHO84, HOL3, FCY23, VCX1）, genes involved in stress response and detoxification （CDR1, AGP2, HOL3）, and gene involved in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway （ERG12）. The results of semi-quantitative RT-PCR were consistent with that of the cDNA microarray analysis. Conclusions The up-regulation of the gene encoding the multidrug resistance efflux pump CDR1 may contribute to 展开更多
病原真菌通过对抗机体防御系统和抗真菌药物的攻击,从而成功定植于宿主体内并最终导致机体感染,真菌外排转运蛋白在上述过程中起着重要作用,主要包括ATP结合盒转运蛋白(ATP-binding cassette transporters,ABC)与主要易化子超家族(the m...病原真菌通过对抗机体防御系统和抗真菌药物的攻击,从而成功定植于宿主体内并最终导致机体感染,真菌外排转运蛋白在上述过程中起着重要作用,主要包括ATP结合盒转运蛋白(ATP-binding cassette transporters,ABC)与主要易化子超家族(the major facilitator super family,MFS),分别通过与ATP水解酶或质子梯度耦合来运输并清除真菌胞内的毒性物质。与其它生物相比,真菌基因组中具有更多转运蛋白家族编码基因,这些转运蛋白不仅对真菌致病过程中所产生的代谢产物和宿主细胞分泌的抗菌成分起外排作用;同时,在病原真菌对抗临床抗真菌药物中也发挥着重要作用。本文就这两个超家族的转运蛋白在主要病原真菌耐药性中所发挥的作用进行综述。展开更多
文摘Objective： To evaluate the in vitro antibacterial properties and the ability to potentiate some common antibiotics effects of the methanol extracts of 11 Cameroonian food plants on 29 Gram-negative bacteria expressing multidrug resistant （MDR） phenotypes. Methods： The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was performed using the broth microdilution method. The phytochemical screening of these extracts was also performed using standard methods. Resalts： Ocimum basilicum, Gnetum africanum and Eucalyptus robusta extracts possessed an antibacterial activity against all the 29 studied bacteria. The extracts from G. africanum and E. robusta were the most active with the lowest minimal inhibitory concentration of 64 p, g/mL on Escherichia coil AG100A for both extracts and also against Klebsiella pneumoniae K24 for G. africanum. When tested in the presence of phenylalanine-arginine 13 -Naphtylamide （PA 13 N）, an efflux pump inhibitor, the extract of Thymus vulgafis and E. Robusta showed the best activities on most tested strains. E. Robusta extract showed good synergistic effects, improving the activity of commonly used antibiotics in about 85% of cases. Coaclasion： The overall results obtained provide the baseline information for the use of the tested plants in the treatment of bacterial infections.
基金This work was supported by grants from the Medical Scientific Research Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(No.A2004438).
文摘Background Candida albicans is the most frequently seen opportunistic human fungal pathogen. Terbinafine is an allylamine antifungal agent that has been proven to have high clinical efficacy in the therapy of fungal infections, the mechanism of action of terbinafine involves the specific inhibition of fungal squalene epoxidase, resulting in ergosterol deficiency and accumulation of intracellular squalene. We used cDNA microarray analysis technology to monitor global expression profile changes of Candida albicans genes in response to terbinafine treatment, and we anticipated a panoramic view of the responses of Candida albicans cells to the representatives of allylamine antifungal agents at the molecular level in an effort to identify drug class-specific and mechanism-independent changes in gene expression.Methods Candida albicans strain ATCC 90028 was exposed to either medium alone or terbinafine at a concentration equivalent to the 1/2 minimal inhibitory concentrations （MICs, 4 mg/L） for 90 minutes. RNA was isolated and gene expression profiles were compared to identify the changes in the gene expression profile using a cDNA microarray analysis. Differential expression of 10 select genes detected by cDNA microarray analysis was confirmed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. Results A total of 222 genes were found to be responsive to terbinafine, including 121 up-regulated genes and 101 down-regulated genes. These included genes encoding membrane transport proteins belonging to the members of the ATP-binding cassette （ABC） or major facilitator supeffamily （MFS; CDR1, AGP2, GAP6, PHO84, HOL3, FCY23, VCX1）, genes involved in stress response and detoxification （CDR1, AGP2, HOL3）, and gene involved in the ergosterol biosynthesis pathway （ERG12）. The results of semi-quantitative RT-PCR were consistent with that of the cDNA microarray analysis. Conclusions The up-regulation of the gene encoding the multidrug resistance efflux pump CDR1 may contribute to
文摘病原真菌通过对抗机体防御系统和抗真菌药物的攻击,从而成功定植于宿主体内并最终导致机体感染,真菌外排转运蛋白在上述过程中起着重要作用,主要包括ATP结合盒转运蛋白(ATP-binding cassette transporters,ABC)与主要易化子超家族(the major facilitator super family,MFS),分别通过与ATP水解酶或质子梯度耦合来运输并清除真菌胞内的毒性物质。与其它生物相比,真菌基因组中具有更多转运蛋白家族编码基因,这些转运蛋白不仅对真菌致病过程中所产生的代谢产物和宿主细胞分泌的抗菌成分起外排作用;同时,在病原真菌对抗临床抗真菌药物中也发挥着重要作用。本文就这两个超家族的转运蛋白在主要病原真菌耐药性中所发挥的作用进行综述。
