利用FNL再分析资料,统计2008—2012年入海发展江淮气旋并根据气旋不同深厚程度及季节特征分为:暖季深厚型、暖季浅薄型、冬季浅薄型和春初底层型。各类气旋的统计及合成分析表明四类气旋入海基本特征为:入海路径可分为东路和东北路;冬...利用FNL再分析资料,统计2008—2012年入海发展江淮气旋并根据气旋不同深厚程度及季节特征分为:暖季深厚型、暖季浅薄型、冬季浅薄型和春初底层型。各类气旋的统计及合成分析表明四类气旋入海基本特征为:入海路径可分为东路和东北路;冬季与初春气旋入海发展增强幅度大于暖季;不同深厚气旋入海后均有下垫面摩擦力减小近海面风力增强,大风区扩大且由气旋偏东位置向东南偏移;暖季气旋入海降水强度增幅明显,并与气旋深厚程度成正比,冬季及春初气旋入海后降水增幅小,春初气旋后部有零散强降水。对入海发展机制的合成诊断显示,气旋中凝结潜热释放对暖季气旋起重要作用,并与气旋深厚程度成正比,对冬季气旋也有正贡献,但对春初底层型气旋无明显作用。春初底层型对海面动力热力影响更敏感,入海后正涡度区的垂直伸展较其它型更显著。而有利于气旋加深的上空辐散中心位置高度与气旋的深厚程度成正比。气旋入海发展中环境因子分析显示,下垫面非绝热加热对冬季和初春气旋作用显著,对暖季气旋影响不明显。高空急流动量下传与下垫面摩擦减弱促使各类气旋增强。湿位涡对暖季气旋有重要正贡献,对深厚气旋作用更强。冬季和初春风场的惯性稳定度和切变稳定度的共同作用有利于气旋增强。1 000 h Pa上湿斜压项MPV2显示的气旋区域温湿锋区位置及强度与入海气旋雨区及雨强对应较好,具有显著指示性。展开更多
Microbial application is an efficient, economical, and ecofriendly method for remediating black-odorous rivers. In this study, the field treatment effect and microbial community changes were monitored during remediati...Microbial application is an efficient, economical, and ecofriendly method for remediating black-odorous rivers. In this study, the field treatment effect and microbial community changes were monitored during remediation by the acclimated complex microorganisms of a typical black-odorous stream. After the treatment, the total phosphorus and ammonia contents decreased by 74.0% and 76.3% and the concentrations of dissolved oxygen increased from 1.65 to 4.90 mg/L, indicating the effectiveness of the acclimated composite microorganisms. The proportion of Bacteroidetes decreased significantly by 48.1% and that of Firmicutes increased by 2.23% on average, and the microbial diversity index first increased and then tended to be uniform. Redundancy analysis demonstrated that the pH,dissolved oxygen, and oxidation-reduction potential together determined the composition of the microbial communities(p < 0.05). These findings showed that the acclimated composite microorganisms can effectively remediate the black odor.展开更多
文摘利用FNL再分析资料,统计2008—2012年入海发展江淮气旋并根据气旋不同深厚程度及季节特征分为:暖季深厚型、暖季浅薄型、冬季浅薄型和春初底层型。各类气旋的统计及合成分析表明四类气旋入海基本特征为:入海路径可分为东路和东北路;冬季与初春气旋入海发展增强幅度大于暖季;不同深厚气旋入海后均有下垫面摩擦力减小近海面风力增强,大风区扩大且由气旋偏东位置向东南偏移;暖季气旋入海降水强度增幅明显,并与气旋深厚程度成正比,冬季及春初气旋入海后降水增幅小,春初气旋后部有零散强降水。对入海发展机制的合成诊断显示,气旋中凝结潜热释放对暖季气旋起重要作用,并与气旋深厚程度成正比,对冬季气旋也有正贡献,但对春初底层型气旋无明显作用。春初底层型对海面动力热力影响更敏感,入海后正涡度区的垂直伸展较其它型更显著。而有利于气旋加深的上空辐散中心位置高度与气旋的深厚程度成正比。气旋入海发展中环境因子分析显示,下垫面非绝热加热对冬季和初春气旋作用显著,对暖季气旋影响不明显。高空急流动量下传与下垫面摩擦减弱促使各类气旋增强。湿位涡对暖季气旋有重要正贡献,对深厚气旋作用更强。冬季和初春风场的惯性稳定度和切变稳定度的共同作用有利于气旋增强。1 000 h Pa上湿斜压项MPV2显示的气旋区域温湿锋区位置及强度与入海气旋雨区及雨强对应较好,具有显著指示性。
基金supported by the Science and Technology program of Yantai (No. 2017ZH095)。
文摘Microbial application is an efficient, economical, and ecofriendly method for remediating black-odorous rivers. In this study, the field treatment effect and microbial community changes were monitored during remediation by the acclimated complex microorganisms of a typical black-odorous stream. After the treatment, the total phosphorus and ammonia contents decreased by 74.0% and 76.3% and the concentrations of dissolved oxygen increased from 1.65 to 4.90 mg/L, indicating the effectiveness of the acclimated composite microorganisms. The proportion of Bacteroidetes decreased significantly by 48.1% and that of Firmicutes increased by 2.23% on average, and the microbial diversity index first increased and then tended to be uniform. Redundancy analysis demonstrated that the pH,dissolved oxygen, and oxidation-reduction potential together determined the composition of the microbial communities(p < 0.05). These findings showed that the acclimated composite microorganisms can effectively remediate the black odor.
