A Monte Carlo simulation using two schemes,the discrete energy loss approach and the continuous slowing down approximation,was implemented in C++ to calculate the energy transmission coefficient and average energy los...A Monte Carlo simulation using two schemes,the discrete energy loss approach and the continuous slowing down approximation,was implemented in C++ to calculate the energy transmission coefficient and average energy loss for low-energy(1–10 keV) incident electrons passing through a thin metal layer.The simulation model uses the Ashley model for electron inelastic scattering,the electron elastic scattering cross section taken from the NIST database,and the stopping power derived from the full Penn algorithm.The results of the two schemes agree well with each other and can be used to quantitatively evaluate the shielding effect of a thin coated metal layer on incident electrons for a diamond amplified photocathode.展开更多
To optimize the process parameters, it is necessary to exactly predict failure modes during deep drawing of coated metal sheets, where two main failure forms are fracture and wrinkling. In this paper, finite element s...To optimize the process parameters, it is necessary to exactly predict failure modes during deep drawing of coated metal sheets, where two main failure forms are fracture and wrinkling. In this paper, finite element simulations based on continuous damage mechanics were used to study the failure behavior during a cylindrical deep drawing of metal sheets with nickel coating. It is shown that taking the effect of blank holder force into account, these two failure modes can be predicted. The simulation results are well consistent with that obtained from experiments.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.11375176)
文摘A Monte Carlo simulation using two schemes,the discrete energy loss approach and the continuous slowing down approximation,was implemented in C++ to calculate the energy transmission coefficient and average energy loss for low-energy(1–10 keV) incident electrons passing through a thin metal layer.The simulation model uses the Ashley model for electron inelastic scattering,the electron elastic scattering cross section taken from the NIST database,and the stopping power derived from the full Penn algorithm.The results of the two schemes agree well with each other and can be used to quantitatively evaluate the shielding effect of a thin coated metal layer on incident electrons for a diamond amplified photocathode.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51172192 and 11102176)Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.09JJ3003)+1 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province for Innovation Group,China(No.09JJ7004)the Key Special Program for Science and Technology of Hunan Province,China(No.2009FJ1002)
文摘To optimize the process parameters, it is necessary to exactly predict failure modes during deep drawing of coated metal sheets, where two main failure forms are fracture and wrinkling. In this paper, finite element simulations based on continuous damage mechanics were used to study the failure behavior during a cylindrical deep drawing of metal sheets with nickel coating. It is shown that taking the effect of blank holder force into account, these two failure modes can be predicted. The simulation results are well consistent with that obtained from experiments.
