为了证明尖唇散白蚁Reticulitermes aculabialis Tsai et Hwang是否存在孤雌生殖行为和探讨其初建群体的发育特征，本文对尖唇散白蚁分飞成虫进行雌雌配对（FF）和雌雄配对（FM）人工饲养对比研究。结果显示：FM和FF组的筑巢时间和筑巢...为了证明尖唇散白蚁Reticulitermes aculabialis Tsai et Hwang是否存在孤雌生殖行为和探讨其初建群体的发育特征，本文对尖唇散白蚁分飞成虫进行雌雌配对（FF）和雌雄配对（FM）人工饲养对比研究。结果显示：FM和FF组的筑巢时间和筑巢活动相似；在建巢初期（配对第5天）FF配对组和FM配对组死亡率分别为11．33％和2．67％，FF配对组死亡率显著高于FM组；产卵前FM组的2只雌性个体和FF组的雌性个体卵巢发育程度一致，都有已经完成卵黄积累的成熟卵母细胞。6个月后，FF配对组有7组产生后代，FM配对组有17组产生后代；FF组子代数目显著低于FM组，分别平均为（7．00±1．58）个和（10．33±1．21）个；FF子代全为2～3龄工蚁，而FM组有由3-4龄工蚁分化的低龄兵蚁。最后，我们对新建群体分化出的第一只兵蚁与成熟巢群中的兵蚁进行了形态学比较。我们的结果表明，尖唇散白蚁具有孤雌生殖行为，并且分飞成虫通过雌雌配对和雌雄配对初建群体在发育模式上有显著差异，雌雌成虫配对采用孤雌生殖方式繁殖有可能是野外尖唇散白蚁建群的另一种方式。展开更多
为探究不同移虫日龄的西方蜜蜂蜂王卵巢中hexamerin110、hexamerin70b的表达及其调控机理,以β-actin为内参基因,运用q RT-PCR技术检测不同移虫日龄蜂王卵巢中hexamerin110、hexamerin70b m RNA的表达水平,用Western blot方法检测hexame...为探究不同移虫日龄的西方蜜蜂蜂王卵巢中hexamerin110、hexamerin70b的表达及其调控机理,以β-actin为内参基因,运用q RT-PCR技术检测不同移虫日龄蜂王卵巢中hexamerin110、hexamerin70b m RNA的表达水平,用Western blot方法检测hexamerin110、hexamerin70b蛋白的表达。结果显示,hexamerin110、hexamerin70无论是在m RNA水平还是蛋白水平,随着移虫日龄的增加,其表达量均呈降低的趋势。1日龄移虫培育的蜂王卵巢hexamerin110基因表达量显著高于其他组(P<0.05),1日龄移虫培育的蜂王卵巢的hexamerin70b基因的表达量极显著高于其他组(P<0.01)。Hexamerin110、hexamerin70b在1日龄移虫发育的蜂王卵巢中的表达水平最高,推测其可能与蜂王生殖发育以及级型分化有关。展开更多
In honeybee （Apis mellifera） colonies, queens and workers are altemative forms of the adult female honeybee that develop from genetically identical zygotes but that depend on differential nourishment. Queens and wor...In honeybee （Apis mellifera） colonies, queens and workers are altemative forms of the adult female honeybee that develop from genetically identical zygotes but that depend on differential nourishment. Queens and workers display distinct morphologies, anatomies and behavior, better known as caste differentiation. Despite some basic insights, the exact mechanism responsible for this phenomenon, especially at the molecular level, remains unclear although some progress has been achieved. In this study, we examined mRNA levels of the TOR （target of rapamycin） and Dnmt3 （DNA methyltransferase 3） genes, closely related to caste differentiation in honeybees. We also investigated mRNA expression of the S6K （similar to RPS6-p70-protein kinase） gene linked closely to organismal growth and development in queen and worker larvae （1-day and 3-day old）. Last, we investigated the methylation status of these three genes in corresponding castes. We found no difference in mRNA expression for the three genes between 1st instar queen and worker larvae; however, 3rd instar queen larvae had a higher level of TOR mRNA than worker larvae. Methylation levels of all three genes were lower in queen larvae than worker larvae but the differences were not statistically significant. These findings provide basic data for broadening our understanding of caste differentiation in female honeybees.展开更多
文摘为了证明尖唇散白蚁Reticulitermes aculabialis Tsai et Hwang是否存在孤雌生殖行为和探讨其初建群体的发育特征，本文对尖唇散白蚁分飞成虫进行雌雌配对（FF）和雌雄配对（FM）人工饲养对比研究。结果显示：FM和FF组的筑巢时间和筑巢活动相似；在建巢初期（配对第5天）FF配对组和FM配对组死亡率分别为11．33％和2．67％，FF配对组死亡率显著高于FM组；产卵前FM组的2只雌性个体和FF组的雌性个体卵巢发育程度一致，都有已经完成卵黄积累的成熟卵母细胞。6个月后，FF配对组有7组产生后代，FM配对组有17组产生后代；FF组子代数目显著低于FM组，分别平均为（7．00±1．58）个和（10．33±1．21）个；FF子代全为2～3龄工蚁，而FM组有由3-4龄工蚁分化的低龄兵蚁。最后，我们对新建群体分化出的第一只兵蚁与成熟巢群中的兵蚁进行了形态学比较。我们的结果表明，尖唇散白蚁具有孤雌生殖行为，并且分飞成虫通过雌雌配对和雌雄配对初建群体在发育模式上有显著差异，雌雌成虫配对采用孤雌生殖方式繁殖有可能是野外尖唇散白蚁建群的另一种方式。
基金supported by the Yunnan Government(2009CI119)Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System(Honeybee)(CARS-45-kxj14)
文摘In honeybee （Apis mellifera） colonies, queens and workers are altemative forms of the adult female honeybee that develop from genetically identical zygotes but that depend on differential nourishment. Queens and workers display distinct morphologies, anatomies and behavior, better known as caste differentiation. Despite some basic insights, the exact mechanism responsible for this phenomenon, especially at the molecular level, remains unclear although some progress has been achieved. In this study, we examined mRNA levels of the TOR （target of rapamycin） and Dnmt3 （DNA methyltransferase 3） genes, closely related to caste differentiation in honeybees. We also investigated mRNA expression of the S6K （similar to RPS6-p70-protein kinase） gene linked closely to organismal growth and development in queen and worker larvae （1-day and 3-day old）. Last, we investigated the methylation status of these three genes in corresponding castes. We found no difference in mRNA expression for the three genes between 1st instar queen and worker larvae; however, 3rd instar queen larvae had a higher level of TOR mRNA than worker larvae. Methylation levels of all three genes were lower in queen larvae than worker larvae but the differences were not statistically significant. These findings provide basic data for broadening our understanding of caste differentiation in female honeybees.
