A model considering quantitative effects of diffused carbon and nitrogen gradients and kinetics of phase transformation is presented to examine metallo-thermo-mechanical behavior during carburized and nitrided quenchi...A model considering quantitative effects of diffused carbon and nitrogen gradients and kinetics of phase transformation is presented to examine metallo-thermo-mechanical behavior during carburized and nitrided quenching. Coupled simulation of diffusion, phase transformation and stress/strain provides the final distribution of carbon and nitrogen contents as well as residual stress and distortion. Effects of both transformation and lattice expansion induced by carbon and nitrogen absorption were introduced into calculating the evolution of the internal stress and strain. In order to verify the method and the results, the simulated distributions of carbon and nitrogen content and residual stress/strain of a ring model during carburized and nitrided quenching were compared with the measured data.展开更多
Research has been conducted about the hardness prediction for the carburizing and quenching process based on an optimized hardness simulation model,in accordance with the calculation rule of mixed phases.The coupling ...Research has been conducted about the hardness prediction for the carburizing and quenching process based on an optimized hardness simulation model,in accordance with the calculation rule of mixed phases.The coupling field model incorporates carburizing field analysis,temperature field analysis,phase transformation kinetics analysis and a modified hardness calculation model.In determination of the calculation model for hardness,calculation equations are given to be applied to low carbon content(x(C)<0.5%) for the child phases and the martensite hardness is calculated for high carbon content(x(C)>0.5%) in alloy.Then,the complete carburizing-quenching hardness calculation model is built,and the hardness simulation data are corrected considering the influence of residual austenite(RA) on hardness.Hardness simulations of the carburizing and quenching process of 17CrNiMo6 samples have been performed using DEFORM-HT_V10.2 and MATLAB R2013 a.Finally,a series of comparisons of simulation results and measured values show a good agreement between them,which validates the accuracy of the proposed mathematical model.展开更多
目的采用试验研究、模拟计算和理论分析相结合的手段,对20MnCrS5齿轮钢真空低压渗碳过程的组织性能演变机理进行研究。方法引入符合真空渗碳强渗、扩散交替进行的扩散边界条件,并修正硬度计算方程,开发真空低压渗碳高压气淬过程仿真模...目的采用试验研究、模拟计算和理论分析相结合的手段,对20MnCrS5齿轮钢真空低压渗碳过程的组织性能演变机理进行研究。方法引入符合真空渗碳强渗、扩散交替进行的扩散边界条件,并修正硬度计算方程,开发真空低压渗碳高压气淬过程仿真模型。分别建立ϕ15mm×100mm圆棒试样二维轴对称和三维实体有限元模型,对20MnCrS5圆棒试样不同工艺参数下真空渗碳过程进行模拟仿真,开展真空渗碳试验与仿真分析化研究。结果二维轴对称模型和三维实体模型计算精度接近,可以代替三维模型,提高计算效率。不同工艺参数真空渗碳过程得到的模拟和试验结果吻合较好,验证了改进模型和方程的可用性,并对不同工艺条件下碳浓度、组织和性能演变规律进行了研究。而后将模型应用到德国FZG(Forschungsstelle für Zahnräder und Getriebebau)标准齿轮样件,对其真空渗碳过程进行了模拟,结果可较好地反映齿轮不同位置碳浓度分布的特点,进一步验证了模型的准确性。结论通过本研究,揭示了20MnCrS5齿轮钢真空低压渗碳过程的组织性能演变机理,并为复杂零部件真空渗碳过程工艺开发提供了新的思路。展开更多
The carburizing process has been successfully carried out in multipurpose furnace employing the drip-feed atmosphere with the addition of rare earth (RE). The carbon transfer coefficients (BRE) and mean diffusion coef...The carburizing process has been successfully carried out in multipurpose furnace employing the drip-feed atmosphere with the addition of rare earth (RE). The carbon transfer coefficients (BRE) and mean diffusion coefficient (DRE) were calculated respectively based on the kinetics of the specimens weigh gain per unit area and the carburized layer growth. The results show that the BRE and DRE are all increased on basis of the incorporation of rare earth. In addition, the mathematical models of the carbon concentration profile under different carburizing conditions and the carbon diffusion coefficient DSRE (at x=0 for carburizing time t>0) have been deduced using the profile simulation method. Computer simulation results show that the simulated curves coincide quite well with the experimental data.展开更多
文摘A model considering quantitative effects of diffused carbon and nitrogen gradients and kinetics of phase transformation is presented to examine metallo-thermo-mechanical behavior during carburized and nitrided quenching. Coupled simulation of diffusion, phase transformation and stress/strain provides the final distribution of carbon and nitrogen contents as well as residual stress and distortion. Effects of both transformation and lattice expansion induced by carbon and nitrogen absorption were introduced into calculating the evolution of the internal stress and strain. In order to verify the method and the results, the simulated distributions of carbon and nitrogen content and residual stress/strain of a ring model during carburized and nitrided quenching were compared with the measured data.
基金Projects(51535012,U1604255)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2016JC2001)supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Hunan Province,China
文摘Research has been conducted about the hardness prediction for the carburizing and quenching process based on an optimized hardness simulation model,in accordance with the calculation rule of mixed phases.The coupling field model incorporates carburizing field analysis,temperature field analysis,phase transformation kinetics analysis and a modified hardness calculation model.In determination of the calculation model for hardness,calculation equations are given to be applied to low carbon content(x(C)<0.5%) for the child phases and the martensite hardness is calculated for high carbon content(x(C)>0.5%) in alloy.Then,the complete carburizing-quenching hardness calculation model is built,and the hardness simulation data are corrected considering the influence of residual austenite(RA) on hardness.Hardness simulations of the carburizing and quenching process of 17CrNiMo6 samples have been performed using DEFORM-HT_V10.2 and MATLAB R2013 a.Finally,a series of comparisons of simulation results and measured values show a good agreement between them,which validates the accuracy of the proposed mathematical model.
文摘目的采用试验研究、模拟计算和理论分析相结合的手段,对20MnCrS5齿轮钢真空低压渗碳过程的组织性能演变机理进行研究。方法引入符合真空渗碳强渗、扩散交替进行的扩散边界条件,并修正硬度计算方程,开发真空低压渗碳高压气淬过程仿真模型。分别建立ϕ15mm×100mm圆棒试样二维轴对称和三维实体有限元模型,对20MnCrS5圆棒试样不同工艺参数下真空渗碳过程进行模拟仿真,开展真空渗碳试验与仿真分析化研究。结果二维轴对称模型和三维实体模型计算精度接近,可以代替三维模型,提高计算效率。不同工艺参数真空渗碳过程得到的模拟和试验结果吻合较好,验证了改进模型和方程的可用性,并对不同工艺条件下碳浓度、组织和性能演变规律进行了研究。而后将模型应用到德国FZG(Forschungsstelle für Zahnräder und Getriebebau)标准齿轮样件,对其真空渗碳过程进行了模拟,结果可较好地反映齿轮不同位置碳浓度分布的特点,进一步验证了模型的准确性。结论通过本研究,揭示了20MnCrS5齿轮钢真空低压渗碳过程的组织性能演变机理,并为复杂零部件真空渗碳过程工艺开发提供了新的思路。
文摘The carburizing process has been successfully carried out in multipurpose furnace employing the drip-feed atmosphere with the addition of rare earth (RE). The carbon transfer coefficients (BRE) and mean diffusion coefficient (DRE) were calculated respectively based on the kinetics of the specimens weigh gain per unit area and the carburized layer growth. The results show that the BRE and DRE are all increased on basis of the incorporation of rare earth. In addition, the mathematical models of the carbon concentration profile under different carburizing conditions and the carbon diffusion coefficient DSRE (at x=0 for carburizing time t>0) have been deduced using the profile simulation method. Computer simulation results show that the simulated curves coincide quite well with the experimental data.
