After 2% predeformation,the baking treatment with different schedule was carried out for low silicon TRIP steel sheet with niobium.The effects of baking temperature and time on microstructures and mechanical propertie...After 2% predeformation,the baking treatment with different schedule was carried out for low silicon TRIP steel sheet with niobium.The effects of baking temperature and time on microstructures and mechanical properties were investigated.The results showed that with increasing the baking temperature and time,the volume fraction of retained austenite decreases,and the volume fraction of tempered martensite increases; as baking temperature ranges from 80 ℃ to 170 ℃,the bake-hardening（BH）value increases obviously,while from 170 ℃ to 230 ℃,the variation of BH value is very slight; as baking time ranges from 2 min to 20 min,the BH value increases significantly,while the BH value decreases when baking time exceeds 20 min.So that when the baking temperature is 170 ℃ and the baking time is 20 min,the low silicon TRIP steel sheet exhibits good bake-hardening behavior,and the highest BH value is above 70 MPa.展开更多
Paint baking treatment was carried out in a silicon oil bath at 170℃ for 20 min for Si-Al-Mn TRIP Steel sheet with different prestrains, and effect of prestrain on microstructures and properties was studied before an...Paint baking treatment was carried out in a silicon oil bath at 170℃ for 20 min for Si-Al-Mn TRIP Steel sheet with different prestrains, and effect of prestrain on microstructures and properties was studied before and after baking. The results show that with the increasing of prestrain amount during prestraining and baking, the volume fraction of retained austenite decreases, and the volume fraction of martensite and bainite increases as well as yield strength increases; as prestrain ranges from 0 to 4%, the baking-hardening （BH） value increases; while the prestrain ranges from 4% to 16%, the BH value decreases; when the prestrain amount is 4%, the highest BH value is about 70 MPa for Si-Al-Mn TRIP steel sheet with niobium, which displays excellent baking-hardening behavior.展开更多
The high-strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy provides much better dent resistance and weight-reduction potential compared to the conventional Al alloys used for the automobile body panels.However,natural ageing(NA)significantl...The high-strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy provides much better dent resistance and weight-reduction potential compared to the conventional Al alloys used for the automobile body panels.However,natural ageing(NA)significantly reduces the formability of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy.The reversion of natural ageing has been systematically investigated by hardness test,tensile test,differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).Substantial reversion of natural ageing and thus hardness decrease occurs immediately upon thermal treatment at 120–210℃in an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy.Although the hardness of the most reverted state decreases with increasing temperature,the lowest hardness is still higher than the as-quenched state by 30 HV.As revealed by the complementary DSC and TEM observations,this is ascribed to the synchronization of the dissolution and the re-precipitation of the solutes in the NA clusters during reversion ageing.Reversion at 180–210℃for less than 30 s leads to a hardness decline of 40 HV.The hardening kinetics during NA after reversion is slower than that during first-time NA due to the reduced vacancy concentration.Artificial ageing at 180℃for 30 min after secondary NA of less than 24 h induces intensive precipitation of plate-like pre-ηphases and a giant strength increase of 188–204 MPa.Potential use of high strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy in automobile body panels could be realized by appropriate reversion treatment improving the formability and the quick bake hardening response.展开更多
Effects of additions of trace Sn on the bake-hardening responses of a pre-aged Al-0.85 Mg-0.85 Si(in wt%)alloy were investigated through mechanical tests,differential scanning calorimetry,electrical resistivity and tr...Effects of additions of trace Sn on the bake-hardening responses of a pre-aged Al-0.85 Mg-0.85 Si(in wt%)alloy were investigated through mechanical tests,differential scanning calorimetry,electrical resistivity and transmission electron microscopy.Results indicate that trace Sn additions reduced the number density of pre-aging clusters by inhibiting the formation of unstable counterpart during pre-aging treatment,leading to low strength and high supersaturation of solute atoms.In a subsequent paint-bake treatment,the presence of highly supersaturated solute atoms and high concentrated free vacancies moderated the activation energy barrier ofβ’’phase and thus kinetically accelerated the formation ofβ’’.Consequently,the trace Sn additions enhanced the bake-hardening responses of the pre-aged alloys significantly.The Sn-containing pre-aged Al-Mg-Si alloys with low strength and great bake-hardening responses hold promising potential for automotive body skin applications.展开更多
Vanadium microalloying is widely employed in hot-rolled HSLA products;because of its relatively high solubility in austenite,vanadium plays a special role in thin-slab cast hot-rolled products where reheating is limit...Vanadium microalloying is widely employed in hot-rolled HSLA products;because of its relatively high solubility in austenite,vanadium plays a special role in thin-slab cast hot-rolled products where reheating is limited prior to direct-rolling.In cold-rolled and annealed sheet steels,vanadium technology has been employed in bake-hardenable drawing-quality steels,and in HSLA products.Recent studies have investigated the continuous and batch annealing response of vanadium-containing cold-rolled HSLA steels,with an emphasis on aluminum and nitrogen variations (because of the special importance of nitrogen in vanadium microallyed steels,and interesting interactions between vanadium,aluminum and nitrogen).The present contribution reviews some key aspects of vanadium-microalloyed coldrolled sheet steels,and highlights the results of selected studies showing the influence of steel composition and processing.展开更多
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50527402)
文摘After 2% predeformation,the baking treatment with different schedule was carried out for low silicon TRIP steel sheet with niobium.The effects of baking temperature and time on microstructures and mechanical properties were investigated.The results showed that with increasing the baking temperature and time,the volume fraction of retained austenite decreases,and the volume fraction of tempered martensite increases; as baking temperature ranges from 80 ℃ to 170 ℃,the bake-hardening（BH）value increases obviously,while from 170 ℃ to 230 ℃,the variation of BH value is very slight; as baking time ranges from 2 min to 20 min,the BH value increases significantly,while the BH value decreases when baking time exceeds 20 min.So that when the baking temperature is 170 ℃ and the baking time is 20 min,the low silicon TRIP steel sheet exhibits good bake-hardening behavior,and the highest BH value is above 70 MPa.
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(50527402)
文摘Paint baking treatment was carried out in a silicon oil bath at 170℃ for 20 min for Si-Al-Mn TRIP Steel sheet with different prestrains, and effect of prestrain on microstructures and properties was studied before and after baking. The results show that with the increasing of prestrain amount during prestraining and baking, the volume fraction of retained austenite decreases, and the volume fraction of martensite and bainite increases as well as yield strength increases; as prestrain ranges from 0 to 4%, the baking-hardening （BH） value increases; while the prestrain ranges from 4% to 16%, the BH value decreases; when the prestrain amount is 4%, the highest BH value is about 70 MPa for Si-Al-Mn TRIP steel sheet with niobium, which displays excellent baking-hardening behavior.
基金financial support from National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.U2032117,51675538,11872380)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFB0306300)+3 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(No.2018JJ3655)National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2017ZX04005001)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University(2021zzts0638)the Innovation fund of National commercial aircraft manufacturing engineering technology centre(No.COMAC-SFGS-2019-4284)。
文摘The high-strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy provides much better dent resistance and weight-reduction potential compared to the conventional Al alloys used for the automobile body panels.However,natural ageing(NA)significantly reduces the formability of Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy.The reversion of natural ageing has been systematically investigated by hardness test,tensile test,differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).Substantial reversion of natural ageing and thus hardness decrease occurs immediately upon thermal treatment at 120–210℃in an Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy.Although the hardness of the most reverted state decreases with increasing temperature,the lowest hardness is still higher than the as-quenched state by 30 HV.As revealed by the complementary DSC and TEM observations,this is ascribed to the synchronization of the dissolution and the re-precipitation of the solutes in the NA clusters during reversion ageing.Reversion at 180–210℃for less than 30 s leads to a hardness decline of 40 HV.The hardening kinetics during NA after reversion is slower than that during first-time NA due to the reduced vacancy concentration.Artificial ageing at 180℃for 30 min after secondary NA of less than 24 h induces intensive precipitation of plate-like pre-ηphases and a giant strength increase of 188–204 MPa.Potential use of high strength Al-Zn-Mg-Cu alloy in automobile body panels could be realized by appropriate reversion treatment improving the formability and the quick bake hardening response.
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2018YFB2001800).
文摘Effects of additions of trace Sn on the bake-hardening responses of a pre-aged Al-0.85 Mg-0.85 Si(in wt%)alloy were investigated through mechanical tests,differential scanning calorimetry,electrical resistivity and transmission electron microscopy.Results indicate that trace Sn additions reduced the number density of pre-aging clusters by inhibiting the formation of unstable counterpart during pre-aging treatment,leading to low strength and high supersaturation of solute atoms.In a subsequent paint-bake treatment,the presence of highly supersaturated solute atoms and high concentrated free vacancies moderated the activation energy barrier ofβ’’phase and thus kinetically accelerated the formation ofβ’’.Consequently,the trace Sn additions enhanced the bake-hardening responses of the pre-aged alloys significantly.The Sn-containing pre-aged Al-Mg-Si alloys with low strength and great bake-hardening responses hold promising potential for automotive body skin applications.
文摘Vanadium microalloying is widely employed in hot-rolled HSLA products;because of its relatively high solubility in austenite,vanadium plays a special role in thin-slab cast hot-rolled products where reheating is limited prior to direct-rolling.In cold-rolled and annealed sheet steels,vanadium technology has been employed in bake-hardenable drawing-quality steels,and in HSLA products.Recent studies have investigated the continuous and batch annealing response of vanadium-containing cold-rolled HSLA steels,with an emphasis on aluminum and nitrogen variations (because of the special importance of nitrogen in vanadium microallyed steels,and interesting interactions between vanadium,aluminum and nitrogen).The present contribution reviews some key aspects of vanadium-microalloyed coldrolled sheet steels,and highlights the results of selected studies showing the influence of steel composition and processing.
