The resonance light-scattering (RLS) of human serum albumin (HSA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) is reported for the first time, and applied to study photochemical reaction of HSA and BSA. The fact of photocrosslinkin...The resonance light-scattering (RLS) of human serum albumin (HSA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) is reported for the first time, and applied to study photochemical reaction of HSA and BSA. The fact of photocrosslinking self-association effect in HSA and BSA solutions is identified by the enhancement of RLS. The fluorescence quenching at about 350 nm and 700 nm proves that tryptophan (Trp) residues are one of the photochemical activity sites in HSA and BSA molecules. The Rayleigh scattering (RS) spectra of HSA and BSA that were neglected in fluorescence spectra before are found at about 296 nm, 592 nm and 888 nm for the first time, and are of adventageous to studying the aggregation of HSA or BSA. The possible photochemical reaction mechanism is also proposed.展开更多
Identifying mechanisms and pathways involved in gene–environment interplay and phenotypic plasticity is a long-standing challenge.It is highly desirable to establish an integrated framework with an environmental dime...Identifying mechanisms and pathways involved in gene–environment interplay and phenotypic plasticity is a long-standing challenge.It is highly desirable to establish an integrated framework with an environmental dimension for complex trait dissection and prediction.A critical step is to identify an environmental index that is both biologically relevant and estimable for new environments.With extensive field-observed complex traits,environmental profiles,and genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms for three major crops(maize,wheat,and oat),we demonstrated that identifying such an environmental index(i.e.,a combination of environmental parameter and growth window)enables genome-wide association studies and genomic selection of complex traits to be conducted with an explicit environmental dimension.Interestingly,genes identified for two reaction-norm parameters(i.e.,intercept and slope)derived from flowering time values along the environmental index were less colocalized for a diverse maize panel than for wheat and oat breeding panels,agreeing with the different diversity levels and genetic constitutions of the panels.In addition,we showcased the usefulness of this framework for systematically forecasting the performance of diverse germplasm panels in new environments.This general framework and the companion CERIS-JGRA analytical package should facilitate biologically informed dissection of complex traits,enhanced performance prediction in breeding for future climates,and coordinated efforts to enrich our understanding of mechanisms underlying phenotypic variation.展开更多
Dear editor, P-glycoprotein （P-gp, also known as ATP-binding cassette transport sub-family B member 1, ABCB1） is a potent ATP-dependent efflux pump for a wide variety of drugs. Although studies of its substrates are...Dear editor, P-glycoprotein （P-gp, also known as ATP-binding cassette transport sub-family B member 1, ABCB1） is a potent ATP-dependent efflux pump for a wide variety of drugs. Although studies of its substrates are abundant [ 1, 2], and ABCB1 is a well-conserved gene, there is increasing evi- dence that its polymorphisms affect substrate specificity [3]. A previous study reported that the synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） C3435T （rs1045642） affects the timing of co-translational folding and insertionof P-gp into the membrane,展开更多
The influence of low-frequency sonolysis on the kinetics bimolecular liquid-phase reactions was studied with due regard for the association (dimers and trimers) of starting reagents. The mathematical modeling of chemi...The influence of low-frequency sonolysis on the kinetics bimolecular liquid-phase reactions was studied with due regard for the association (dimers and trimers) of starting reagents. The mathematical modeling of chemical reactions that were described by nonlinear differential equations is performed. The steady states, the singular points characteristics, the nature of concentration oscillations in the reaction system are described. With increasing frequency and amplitude of low-frequency sonic waves (up to some critical value), we observed the cessation of the reaction. This observation offers an additional tool for controlling reaction rate by the external action of low-frequency vibrations. The conclusions of the work are obtained under certain assumptions. The exact determination of the critical conditions for changes in dynamics is beyond the scope of the problem.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China ! 29961001the Foundation for Talents Striding across the Century of Guangxi
文摘The resonance light-scattering (RLS) of human serum albumin (HSA) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) is reported for the first time, and applied to study photochemical reaction of HSA and BSA. The fact of photocrosslinking self-association effect in HSA and BSA solutions is identified by the enhancement of RLS. The fluorescence quenching at about 350 nm and 700 nm proves that tryptophan (Trp) residues are one of the photochemical activity sites in HSA and BSA molecules. The Rayleigh scattering (RS) spectra of HSA and BSA that were neglected in fluorescence spectra before are found at about 296 nm, 592 nm and 888 nm for the first time, and are of adventageous to studying the aggregation of HSA or BSA. The possible photochemical reaction mechanism is also proposed.
基金supported by the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative competitive grant(2021-67013-33833)the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture,the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy program(DEAR0000826)+1 种基金the Department of Energy,the National Science Foundation(IOS-1546657)the Iowa State University Ray-mond F.Baker Center for Plant Breeding,and the Iowa State University Plant Sciences Institute.
文摘Identifying mechanisms and pathways involved in gene–environment interplay and phenotypic plasticity is a long-standing challenge.It is highly desirable to establish an integrated framework with an environmental dimension for complex trait dissection and prediction.A critical step is to identify an environmental index that is both biologically relevant and estimable for new environments.With extensive field-observed complex traits,environmental profiles,and genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms for three major crops(maize,wheat,and oat),we demonstrated that identifying such an environmental index(i.e.,a combination of environmental parameter and growth window)enables genome-wide association studies and genomic selection of complex traits to be conducted with an explicit environmental dimension.Interestingly,genes identified for two reaction-norm parameters(i.e.,intercept and slope)derived from flowering time values along the environmental index were less colocalized for a diverse maize panel than for wheat and oat breeding panels,agreeing with the different diversity levels and genetic constitutions of the panels.In addition,we showcased the usefulness of this framework for systematically forecasting the performance of diverse germplasm panels in new environments.This general framework and the companion CERIS-JGRA analytical package should facilitate biologically informed dissection of complex traits,enhanced performance prediction in breeding for future climates,and coordinated efforts to enrich our understanding of mechanisms underlying phenotypic variation.
基金supported by the project of Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81221002)Rational Medication Application Patterns of Schizophrenia(BMU20140430) of Peking University Health Science Center
文摘Dear editor, P-glycoprotein （P-gp, also known as ATP-binding cassette transport sub-family B member 1, ABCB1） is a potent ATP-dependent efflux pump for a wide variety of drugs. Although studies of its substrates are abundant [ 1, 2], and ABCB1 is a well-conserved gene, there is increasing evi- dence that its polymorphisms affect substrate specificity [3]. A previous study reported that the synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism （SNP） C3435T （rs1045642） affects the timing of co-translational folding and insertionof P-gp into the membrane,
文摘The influence of low-frequency sonolysis on the kinetics bimolecular liquid-phase reactions was studied with due regard for the association (dimers and trimers) of starting reagents. The mathematical modeling of chemical reactions that were described by nonlinear differential equations is performed. The steady states, the singular points characteristics, the nature of concentration oscillations in the reaction system are described. With increasing frequency and amplitude of low-frequency sonic waves (up to some critical value), we observed the cessation of the reaction. This observation offers an additional tool for controlling reaction rate by the external action of low-frequency vibrations. The conclusions of the work are obtained under certain assumptions. The exact determination of the critical conditions for changes in dynamics is beyond the scope of the problem.
