An amphiphilic polymer bearing tetraphenylethene (TPE) moiety was synthesized by convenient reactions. The polymer exhibits unique aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics and can self-assemble to size-tunab...An amphiphilic polymer bearing tetraphenylethene (TPE) moiety was synthesized by convenient reactions. The polymer exhibits unique aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics and can self-assemble to size-tunable particles in DMF/water mixtures. The polymer nanoparticles can be used for cell imaging, which provides a potential stable fluorescent tool to monitor the distribution of drugs and bioconjugates in living cells.展开更多
Synthetic biology provides a new paradigm for life science research(“build to learn”)and opens the future journey of biotechnology(“build to use”).Here,we discuss advances of various principles and technologies in...Synthetic biology provides a new paradigm for life science research(“build to learn”)and opens the future journey of biotechnology(“build to use”).Here,we discuss advances of various principles and technologies in the mainstream of the enabling technology of synthetic biology,including synthesis and assembly of a genome,DNA storage,gene editing,molecular evolution and de novo design of function proteins,cell and gene circuit engineering,cell-free synthetic biology,artificial intelligence(AI)-aided synthetic biology,as well as biofoundries.We also introduce the concept of quantitative synthetic biology,which is guiding synthetic biology towards increased accuracy and predictability or the real rational design.We conclude that synthetic biology will establish its disciplinary system with the iterative development of enabling technologies and the maturity of the core theory.展开更多
Supported metal clusters with the integrated advantages of single-atom catalysts and conventional nanoparticles held great promise in the electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction(ECO_(2)R)operated at low overpotentia...Supported metal clusters with the integrated advantages of single-atom catalysts and conventional nanoparticles held great promise in the electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction(ECO_(2)R)operated at low overpotential and high current density.However,its precise synthesis and the understanding of synergisti-cally catalytic effects remain challenging.Herein,we report a facile method to synthesize the bimetallic Cu and Ni clusters anchored on porous carbon(Cu/Ni-NC)and achieve an enhanced ECO_(2)R.The aberration-corrected high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy and synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy were employed to verify the metal dispersion and the coordination of Cu/Ni clusters on NC.As a result of this route,the target Cu/Ni-NC exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performance including a stable 30 h electrolysis at 200 mA cm^(-2) with carbon monoxide Faradaic efficiency of∼95.1%using a membrane electrode assembly electrolysis cell.Combined with the in situ analysis of the surface-enhanced Fourier transform infrared spectroelectrochemistry,we propose that the synergistic effects between Ni and Cu can effectively promote the H_(2)O dissociation,thereby accelerate the hydrogenation of CO_(2)to*COOH and the overall reaction process.展开更多
Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)transplantation is a promising approach for pulmonary fibrosis(PF),however it is impeded by several persistent challenges,including the lack of long-term tracking,low retention,and poor sur...Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)transplantation is a promising approach for pulmonary fibrosis(PF),however it is impeded by several persistent challenges,including the lack of long-term tracking,low retention,and poor survival of MSCs,as well as the low labeling efficiency of nanoprobes.Herein,a cobalt protoporphyrin IX(CoPP)aggregation-induced strategy is applied to develop a multifunctional nano-self-assembly(ASCP)by combining gold nanoparticle(AuNPs),superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(SPIONs),and CoPP through a facile solvent evaporation-driven approach.Since no additional carrier materials are employed during the synthesis,high loading efficiency of active ingredients and excellent biocompatibility are achieved.Additionally,facile modification of the ASCPs with bicyclo[6.1.0]nonyne(BCN)groups(named as ASCP-BCN)enables them to effectively label MSCs through bioorthogonal chemistry.The obtained ASCP-BCN could not only help to track MSCs with AuNP-based computed tomography(CT)imaging,but also achieve an SPIONs-assisted magnetic field based improvement in the MSCs retention in lungs as well as promoted the survival of MSCs via the sustained release of CoPP.The in vivo results demonstrated that the labeled MSCs improved the lung functions and alle-viated the fibrosis symptoms in a bleomycin–induced PF mouse model.Collectively,a novel ASCP-BCN multi-functional nanoagent was developed to bioorthogonally-label MSCs with a high efficiency,presenting a promising potential in the high-efficient MSC therapy for PF.展开更多
PPMG-based composite electrolytes were fabricated via the solution method using the polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone blend reinforced with various contents of sulfonated inorganic filler.Sulfuric acid was em...PPMG-based composite electrolytes were fabricated via the solution method using the polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone blend reinforced with various contents of sulfonated inorganic filler.Sulfuric acid was employed as the sulfonating agent to functionalize the external surface of the inorganic filler,i.e.,graphene oxide.The proton conductivities of the newly prepared proton exchange membranes(PEMs)were increased by increasing the temperature and content of sulfonated graphene oxide(SGO),i.e.,ranging from 0.025 S/cm to 0.060 S/cm.The induction of the optimum level of SGO is determined to be an excellent route to enhance ionic conductivity.The single-cell performance test was conducted by sandwiching the newly prepared PEMs between an anode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt/Ru)and a cathode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt)to prepare membrane electrode assemblies,followed by hot pressing under a pressure of approximately 100 kg/cm^(2) at 60℃for 5–10 min.The highest power densities achieved with PPMG PEMs were 14.9 and 35.60 mW/cm^(2) at 25℃and 70℃,respectively,at ambient pressure with 100%relative humidity.Results showed that the newly prepared PEMs exhibit good electrochemical performance.The results indicated that the prepared composite membrane with 6 wt%filler can be used as an alternative membrane for applications of high-performance proton exchange membrane fuel cell.展开更多
Rho GTPases are essential regulators of the actin cytoskeleton.They are involved in various physiological and biochemical processes such as the regulation of cytoskeleton dynamics,development,proliferation,survival,an...Rho GTPases are essential regulators of the actin cytoskeleton.They are involved in various physiological and biochemical processes such as the regulation of cytoskeleton dynamics,development,proliferation,survival,and regeneration.During the development of cochlear hair cells,Rho GTPases are activated by various extracellular signals through membrane receptors to further stimulate multiple downstream effectors.Specifically,RhoA,Cdc42,and Rac1,members of the classical subfamily of the Rho GTPase family,regulate the development and maintenance of cilia by inducing the polymerization of actin monomers and stabilizing actin filaments.In addition,they also regulate the normal morphology orientation of ciliary bundles in auditory hair cells,which is an important element of cell polarity regulation.Moreover,the actin-related pathways mediated by RhoA,Cdc42,and Rac1 also play a role in the motility of outer hair cells,indicating that the function of Rho GTPases is crucial in the highly polar auditory sensory system.In this review,we focus on the expression of RhoA,Cdc42,and Rac1 in cochlear hair cells and how these small molecules participate in ciliary bundle morphogenesis and cochlear hair cell movement.We also discuss the progress of current research investigating the use of these small molecules as drug targets for deafness treatment.展开更多
Guanosine-based hydrogels have attracted considerable attention because of their simplicity and easy preparation.However,the sugar moiety limits its further applications because of the necessity of sugar in the hydrog...Guanosine-based hydrogels have attracted considerable attention because of their simplicity and easy preparation.However,the sugar moiety limits its further applications because of the necessity of sugar in the hydrogel formation.This work reports a G-quadruplexes-based hydrogel consisting of guanine and peptide epitope to form a supramolecular hydrogel in the presence of metal cations.Using the metal ion-responsive peptide epitope from the ion channel to replace sugar motif at N9 position of guanosine results in a novel nucleopeptide.The results show that the gelation time,the diameter of nanofibers,the anisotropic property,and the mechanical property of the hydrogel can be simply controlled using metal cations.The magnesium and calcium ions direct the alignment of nanofibers to form anisotropic nano-bundles.The mechanistic studies indicate the formation of G-quadruplexes in the hydrogel.Compared to the storage modulus of nucleopeptide without the metal cation,adding zinc ions results in an over three-order increase in mechanical properties.Cytotoxicity experiment indicates the good biocompatibility of our hydrogel.Moreover,we demonstrate that the guanine-capped peptide could release STING agonist in a controlled manner.This work illustrates a simple way to modulate the property of the nucleopeptide hydrogel to develop soft materials.展开更多
In the process of generating assembly dimension chain automatically, there are many problems such as complex assembly relationship, variety of constraints of components and complex dimension and tolerance relations of...In the process of generating assembly dimension chain automatically, there are many problems such as complex assembly relationship, variety of constraints of components and complex dimension and tolerance relations of components. These problems lead to many difficulties in search process and need lots of man-machine interaction. Because of these difficulties, this paper presents a method of automatic generation of assembly dimension chain based on tolerance cell. This method is realized through obtaining assembly tolerance cell and part tolerance cell first. These two types of tolerance cell are extracted and expressed in the form of linked list structure in computer further. Then assembly dimension chain is searched automatically based on obtained tolerance cell, and the correct assembly dimension chain is extracted finally. A system of generating assembly dimension chain automatically has been developed based on DELMIA and successfully deployed in aircraft assembly simulation in the engineerine practice.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20974028, 20974098, and 21174120)the National Basic Research Program of China (2009CB623605)+1 种基金the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong (603509, HKUST2/CRF/10, 604711, and N_HKUST620/11)B.Z.T. thanks the support from the Cao Guangbiao Foundation of Zhejiang University
文摘An amphiphilic polymer bearing tetraphenylethene (TPE) moiety was synthesized by convenient reactions. The polymer exhibits unique aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics and can self-assemble to size-tunable particles in DMF/water mixtures. The polymer nanoparticles can be used for cell imaging, which provides a potential stable fluorescent tool to monitor the distribution of drugs and bioconjugates in living cells.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB29050100,XDB29050500,XDA24020102)to X.E.Zhang,C.Liu and C.Gao,respectivelythe National Natural Science Foundation of China(31725002,31861143017,32022044,62050152 and 32071428)to J.Dai,Y.Yuan,C.You,and X.Wang,respectivelythe National Key Research and Development Program of China(2020YFA0907700,2018YFA0901600,2019YFA09004500)to Y.Feng and P.Wei。
文摘Synthetic biology provides a new paradigm for life science research(“build to learn”)and opens the future journey of biotechnology(“build to use”).Here,we discuss advances of various principles and technologies in the mainstream of the enabling technology of synthetic biology,including synthesis and assembly of a genome,DNA storage,gene editing,molecular evolution and de novo design of function proteins,cell and gene circuit engineering,cell-free synthetic biology,artificial intelligence(AI)-aided synthetic biology,as well as biofoundries.We also introduce the concept of quantitative synthetic biology,which is guiding synthetic biology towards increased accuracy and predictability or the real rational design.We conclude that synthetic biology will establish its disciplinary system with the iterative development of enabling technologies and the maturity of the core theory.
基金This work was supported by National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFE0204500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52273277,52072362,52071311)+1 种基金Jilin Province Science and Technology Development Plan Funding Project(20220201112GX)Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2020230 and 2021223).H.X.Z.thanks funding from National Natural Science Foundation of China Outstanding Youth Science Foundation of China(Overseas).These authors thank the staff of beamline BL13SSW at Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility for experiments supports.The authors also gratefully appreciate the support of the morphology characterization and analysis from Prof.Jiuhui Han(Tianjin University of Technology).
文摘Supported metal clusters with the integrated advantages of single-atom catalysts and conventional nanoparticles held great promise in the electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction(ECO_(2)R)operated at low overpotential and high current density.However,its precise synthesis and the understanding of synergisti-cally catalytic effects remain challenging.Herein,we report a facile method to synthesize the bimetallic Cu and Ni clusters anchored on porous carbon(Cu/Ni-NC)and achieve an enhanced ECO_(2)R.The aberration-corrected high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy and synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy were employed to verify the metal dispersion and the coordination of Cu/Ni clusters on NC.As a result of this route,the target Cu/Ni-NC exhibits excellent electrocatalytic performance including a stable 30 h electrolysis at 200 mA cm^(-2) with carbon monoxide Faradaic efficiency of∼95.1%using a membrane electrode assembly electrolysis cell.Combined with the in situ analysis of the surface-enhanced Fourier transform infrared spectroelectrochemistry,we propose that the synergistic effects between Ni and Cu can effectively promote the H_(2)O dissociation,thereby accelerate the hydrogenation of CO_(2)to*COOH and the overall reaction process.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.52072392,32030061,82171951)Key Program for Basic Research of Shanghai(Grant Nos.20JC1411900,21JC1406000)+1 种基金Shanghai Rising-Star Program(Grant No.19QA1410300)Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(Grant No.2020255).
文摘Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)transplantation is a promising approach for pulmonary fibrosis(PF),however it is impeded by several persistent challenges,including the lack of long-term tracking,low retention,and poor survival of MSCs,as well as the low labeling efficiency of nanoprobes.Herein,a cobalt protoporphyrin IX(CoPP)aggregation-induced strategy is applied to develop a multifunctional nano-self-assembly(ASCP)by combining gold nanoparticle(AuNPs),superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles(SPIONs),and CoPP through a facile solvent evaporation-driven approach.Since no additional carrier materials are employed during the synthesis,high loading efficiency of active ingredients and excellent biocompatibility are achieved.Additionally,facile modification of the ASCPs with bicyclo[6.1.0]nonyne(BCN)groups(named as ASCP-BCN)enables them to effectively label MSCs through bioorthogonal chemistry.The obtained ASCP-BCN could not only help to track MSCs with AuNP-based computed tomography(CT)imaging,but also achieve an SPIONs-assisted magnetic field based improvement in the MSCs retention in lungs as well as promoted the survival of MSCs via the sustained release of CoPP.The in vivo results demonstrated that the labeled MSCs improved the lung functions and alle-viated the fibrosis symptoms in a bleomycin–induced PF mouse model.Collectively,a novel ASCP-BCN multi-functional nanoagent was developed to bioorthogonally-label MSCs with a high efficiency,presenting a promising potential in the high-efficient MSC therapy for PF.
文摘PPMG-based composite electrolytes were fabricated via the solution method using the polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone blend reinforced with various contents of sulfonated inorganic filler.Sulfuric acid was employed as the sulfonating agent to functionalize the external surface of the inorganic filler,i.e.,graphene oxide.The proton conductivities of the newly prepared proton exchange membranes(PEMs)were increased by increasing the temperature and content of sulfonated graphene oxide(SGO),i.e.,ranging from 0.025 S/cm to 0.060 S/cm.The induction of the optimum level of SGO is determined to be an excellent route to enhance ionic conductivity.The single-cell performance test was conducted by sandwiching the newly prepared PEMs between an anode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt/Ru)and a cathode(0.2 mg/cm^(2) Pt)to prepare membrane electrode assemblies,followed by hot pressing under a pressure of approximately 100 kg/cm^(2) at 60℃for 5–10 min.The highest power densities achieved with PPMG PEMs were 14.9 and 35.60 mW/cm^(2) at 25℃and 70℃,respectively,at ambient pressure with 100%relative humidity.Results showed that the newly prepared PEMs exhibit good electrochemical performance.The results indicated that the prepared composite membrane with 6 wt%filler can be used as an alternative membrane for applications of high-performance proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,No.BK20221377(to JG)the Natural Science Foundation of the Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions of China,No.22KJB180023(to JG)。
文摘Rho GTPases are essential regulators of the actin cytoskeleton.They are involved in various physiological and biochemical processes such as the regulation of cytoskeleton dynamics,development,proliferation,survival,and regeneration.During the development of cochlear hair cells,Rho GTPases are activated by various extracellular signals through membrane receptors to further stimulate multiple downstream effectors.Specifically,RhoA,Cdc42,and Rac1,members of the classical subfamily of the Rho GTPase family,regulate the development and maintenance of cilia by inducing the polymerization of actin monomers and stabilizing actin filaments.In addition,they also regulate the normal morphology orientation of ciliary bundles in auditory hair cells,which is an important element of cell polarity regulation.Moreover,the actin-related pathways mediated by RhoA,Cdc42,and Rac1 also play a role in the motility of outer hair cells,indicating that the function of Rho GTPases is crucial in the highly polar auditory sensory system.In this review,we focus on the expression of RhoA,Cdc42,and Rac1 in cochlear hair cells and how these small molecules participate in ciliary bundle morphogenesis and cochlear hair cell movement.We also discuss the progress of current research investigating the use of these small molecules as drug targets for deafness treatment.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82022038)。
文摘Guanosine-based hydrogels have attracted considerable attention because of their simplicity and easy preparation.However,the sugar moiety limits its further applications because of the necessity of sugar in the hydrogel formation.This work reports a G-quadruplexes-based hydrogel consisting of guanine and peptide epitope to form a supramolecular hydrogel in the presence of metal cations.Using the metal ion-responsive peptide epitope from the ion channel to replace sugar motif at N9 position of guanosine results in a novel nucleopeptide.The results show that the gelation time,the diameter of nanofibers,the anisotropic property,and the mechanical property of the hydrogel can be simply controlled using metal cations.The magnesium and calcium ions direct the alignment of nanofibers to form anisotropic nano-bundles.The mechanistic studies indicate the formation of G-quadruplexes in the hydrogel.Compared to the storage modulus of nucleopeptide without the metal cation,adding zinc ions results in an over three-order increase in mechanical properties.Cytotoxicity experiment indicates the good biocompatibility of our hydrogel.Moreover,we demonstrate that the guanine-capped peptide could release STING agonist in a controlled manner.This work illustrates a simple way to modulate the property of the nucleopeptide hydrogel to develop soft materials.
文摘In the process of generating assembly dimension chain automatically, there are many problems such as complex assembly relationship, variety of constraints of components and complex dimension and tolerance relations of components. These problems lead to many difficulties in search process and need lots of man-machine interaction. Because of these difficulties, this paper presents a method of automatic generation of assembly dimension chain based on tolerance cell. This method is realized through obtaining assembly tolerance cell and part tolerance cell first. These two types of tolerance cell are extracted and expressed in the form of linked list structure in computer further. Then assembly dimension chain is searched automatically based on obtained tolerance cell, and the correct assembly dimension chain is extracted finally. A system of generating assembly dimension chain automatically has been developed based on DELMIA and successfully deployed in aircraft assembly simulation in the engineerine practice.
