相比于燃油汽车而言,共享电动汽车具有排放低,能耗小的优点。然而城市中心区域共享电动汽车有限的停车泊位阻碍了共享电动汽车的出行需求。本文首先分析了在城市中心区域的办公建筑物附近建立毗邻居住区共享停车位作为共享电动汽车的补...相比于燃油汽车而言,共享电动汽车具有排放低,能耗小的优点。然而城市中心区域共享电动汽车有限的停车泊位阻碍了共享电动汽车的出行需求。本文首先分析了在城市中心区域的办公建筑物附近建立毗邻居住区共享停车位作为共享电动汽车的补充停车网点的可行性;其次,提出了以"共享电动汽车+共享停车位"(Shared Electric Vehicle+Shared Parking, SEV+SP)相结合的方式,作为早高峰私有小汽车和公共交通出行的一种补充方式,并基于瓶颈经济学探讨SEV+SP新出行模式的定价将如何影响社会效益、交通拥堵和系统交通排放成本。最后本文设计案例分析综合考虑社会效益和系统交通排放成本时,共享电动汽车时变租赁费用和共享停车费用的最优组合定价,以此为SEV+SP新出行模式提供定价依据。结果建议综合考虑社会效益和交通排放成本时,应设置较低的共享停车费用和较高的时变租赁费用;建议管理者在鼓励SEV+SP出行模式时,应充分考虑交通系统的拥堵压力,从减少交通排放的角度,应选取较小的权重指标。展开更多
指出了赵树女原有关需求点弹性与总收益关系结论的错误 ,并用较简单的反例补充说明了葛斌华等未能说明的在点弹性 η =1时总收益R未必取得最大值的事实 ,进而修正完善了商品需求点弹性与总收益关系的结论。同时就包括非线性的一般的需...指出了赵树女原有关需求点弹性与总收益关系结论的错误 ,并用较简单的反例补充说明了葛斌华等未能说明的在点弹性 η =1时总收益R未必取得最大值的事实 ,进而修正完善了商品需求点弹性与总收益关系的结论。同时就包括非线性的一般的需求函数 ,指出并证明了商品需求中点弧弹性与总收益关系的结论。展开更多
Both field and green house experiments were intended to investigate and evaluate the outcome of rhizobial inoculation supplemented with P and K on climbing beans production in northern Tanzania. The results obtained i...Both field and green house experiments were intended to investigate and evaluate the outcome of rhizobial inoculation supplemented with P and K on climbing beans production in northern Tanzania. The results obtained indicated that, inoculation using Rhizobium inoculants supplemented with fertilizers significantly (p ≤ 0.001) improved both vegetative and yield parameters of climbing beans varieties compared with control treatment. The economic analysis in rhizobium alone revealed a profit of US$ 2350 compared with control treatment with US$ 1558 profit, which was finally reflected in higher percentage increase over control and higher marginal rate of return (MRR). Thus, the use of Rhizobium inoculants supplemented with P and K increased climbing beans yield and the economic analysis performed based on total revenue and variable costs reflected an improvement in economic well being of a small hold farmer of northern Tanzania.展开更多
文摘相比于燃油汽车而言,共享电动汽车具有排放低,能耗小的优点。然而城市中心区域共享电动汽车有限的停车泊位阻碍了共享电动汽车的出行需求。本文首先分析了在城市中心区域的办公建筑物附近建立毗邻居住区共享停车位作为共享电动汽车的补充停车网点的可行性;其次,提出了以"共享电动汽车+共享停车位"(Shared Electric Vehicle+Shared Parking, SEV+SP)相结合的方式,作为早高峰私有小汽车和公共交通出行的一种补充方式,并基于瓶颈经济学探讨SEV+SP新出行模式的定价将如何影响社会效益、交通拥堵和系统交通排放成本。最后本文设计案例分析综合考虑社会效益和系统交通排放成本时,共享电动汽车时变租赁费用和共享停车费用的最优组合定价,以此为SEV+SP新出行模式提供定价依据。结果建议综合考虑社会效益和交通排放成本时,应设置较低的共享停车费用和较高的时变租赁费用;建议管理者在鼓励SEV+SP出行模式时,应充分考虑交通系统的拥堵压力,从减少交通排放的角度,应选取较小的权重指标。
文摘Both field and green house experiments were intended to investigate and evaluate the outcome of rhizobial inoculation supplemented with P and K on climbing beans production in northern Tanzania. The results obtained indicated that, inoculation using Rhizobium inoculants supplemented with fertilizers significantly (p ≤ 0.001) improved both vegetative and yield parameters of climbing beans varieties compared with control treatment. The economic analysis in rhizobium alone revealed a profit of US$ 2350 compared with control treatment with US$ 1558 profit, which was finally reflected in higher percentage increase over control and higher marginal rate of return (MRR). Thus, the use of Rhizobium inoculants supplemented with P and K increased climbing beans yield and the economic analysis performed based on total revenue and variable costs reflected an improvement in economic well being of a small hold farmer of northern Tanzania.
