Many plants exhibit heterophylly; the spatially and temporally remarkable ontogenetic differences in leaf morphology may play an adaptative role in their success under diverse habitats. Thus, this study aimed to gain ...Many plants exhibit heterophylly; the spatially and temporally remarkable ontogenetic differences in leaf morphology may play an adaptative role in their success under diverse habitats. Thus, this study aimed to gain insights into differences in leaf functional traits of heterophyllous Syringa oblata Lindl., which has been widely used as an ornamental tree around the world under different light intensities in East China. No significant differences existed in specific leaf area （SLA） between lanceolate- and heart-shaped leaves. Differ- ences in the investment per unit of light capture surface area deployed between lanceolate- and heart-shaped leaves may benot obvious. This may be attributing to the fact that single leaf wet and dry weight of heart-shaped leaves were significantly higher than those of lanceolate leaves but leaf length and leaf thickness of heart-shaped leaves were significantly lower than those of lanceolate leaves. The SLA of shade trees was sig- nificantly higher than that of sun trees. The investment per unit of light capture surface of shade trees was lower than that of sun trees, making it possible to increase light capture and use efficiency in low-light environments. The phenotypic plas- ticity of most leaf functional traits of lanceoiate leaves was higher than those of heart-shaped leaves because the former is the juvenile and the latter is the adult leaf shape during the process of phylogenetic development of S. oblate. The higher range of phenotypic plasticity of leaf thickness and leaf moisture for sun trees may be beneficial to obtain a more efficient control of water loss and nutrient deprivation in high- light environments, and the lower range of phenotypic plas- ticity of single leaf wet and dry weight, and SLA for shade trees may gain an advantage to increase resource （especially light） capture and use efficiency in low-light environments. In brief, the successfully ecological strategy of plants is to find an optimal mode for the trade-off between various functional traits t展开更多
Syringa species not only have good ornamental properties but also play an important role in the landscaping and environmental purification of cities.To investigate the chilling stress resistance of Syringa oblata Lind...Syringa species not only have good ornamental properties but also play an important role in the landscaping and environmental purification of cities.To investigate the chilling stress resistance of Syringa oblata Lindl.and Syringa reticulata var.mandshurica and provide theoretical grounds for the practical cultivation of Syringa species,in vitro leaves were used to study photosynthetic gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters.After nine hours of chilling,decreasing rates of net photosynthesis,stomatal conductance,and transpiration in S.reticulata var.mandshurica leaves were significantly greater than that of the S.oblata,while intercellular CO2 concentrations in S.oblata leaves were higher than those in S.reticulata var.mandshurica.The quantum yield of PSII reaction center(APSII)declined in S.reticulata and light capture efficiency(Fv 0/Fm 0)was stable.However,reduction percentages of Fv 0/Fm 0,APSII,and Fv/Fm in S.oblata were significant higher than those of S.reticulata var.mandshurica.After nine hours of chilling,the relative variable fluorescence of VJ and VI of S.oblata increased and the increasing rate of VJ was greater than VI.In contrast,the change of VJ and VI in S.reticulata var.mandshurica leaves was relatively small.This suggests that chilling primarily damaged the electron transport process of QA to QB at the receptor site of the PSII reaction center.Photosynthetic capacity of S.oblata was more sensitive to chilling stress compared to S.reticulate var.mandshurica,which the limitations were mainly due to non-stomatal factors such as the decrease in electron transport efficiency,activity in the PSII reaction center,and the destruction of the photodamage defense system.展开更多
Two new sesquiterpenes, innatifolone A(1) and pinnatifolone B(2), along with 6 known compounds, furostan(3), isocalamendiol(4), pluviatolide(5),(8S,8'R,9S)-cubebin(6), 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-3-(3,4-dimethox...Two new sesquiterpenes, innatifolone A(1) and pinnatifolone B(2), along with 6 known compounds, furostan(3), isocalamendiol(4), pluviatolide(5),(8S,8'R,9S)-cubebin(6), 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl) tetrahydrofuran(7), and methyl 3-acetoxy-12-oleanen-28-oate(8), were isolated from Mongolian herb Syringa pinnatifolia.展开更多
The fresh pollen vitality, the effect of different storage conditions on the pollen vitality, and the difference of vitality among the species of seven species of Syringa were determined in Shenyang, China. The result...The fresh pollen vitality, the effect of different storage conditions on the pollen vitality, and the difference of vitality among the species of seven species of Syringa were determined in Shenyang, China. The results indicated that the pollen vi-tality (81.5%) of Syringa villosa was the highest among the seven tested species, followed by S. microphylla and S. meyeri, and that of S. oblata var. affinis was the lowest. The low temperature was the best condition for storage of pollen of Syringa, and the most proper temperature for the storage was 0-2 癈. The storability of S. microphylla was the best of all, and it could be stored over 60 days at the temperature of 0-2 癈, next was S. villosa and S. meyeri.展开更多
Syringa is an important aromatic woody angiosperm that is widely planted in gardens. Its dry flowers are traditionally used to manufacture infusions and spices in China. In this study, the floral volatiles emitted fro...Syringa is an important aromatic woody angiosperm that is widely planted in gardens. Its dry flowers are traditionally used to manufacture infusions and spices in China. In this study, the floral volatiles emitted from nine different Syringa species and varieties, viz. S. chinensis, S. protolaciniata, S. oblata, S. oblata var. giraldii, S. oblata var. plena, S. vulgaris ＇Mrs Harry Bickle＇, S. vulgaris ＇Bright Centennial＇, S. vulgaris ＇White Spires＇, and S. vulgaris ＇President Lincoln＇ were collected by the dynamic headspace technique, and then identified by automated thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. There were significant differences in components and corresponding contents of floral scent emitted from the nine Syringa species and varieties. Among the detected components, β-ocimene exhibited the highest content, accounting for more than 70 % of the floral scent of S. protolaciniata, S. oblata var. giraldii, and S. vulgaris ＇Bright Centennial＇. A significant daytime variation of floral scent emitted from S. pekinensis was recorded, especially for benzaldehyde, whose content first increased and then decreased. We studied the scent emitted from the in vitro flowers of S. vulgaris ＇Pres Lincoln＇ during the process of natural drying. Alcohol compounds were released in the greatest content, and the content of 2-ethyl-l-hexanol accounted for about 40 % of the total release amount. The results described the emission pattern and mechanisms of floral scent in Syringa.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31300343,31170386)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,China(BK20130500)+3 种基金Universities Natural Science Research Project of Jiangsu Province,China(13KJB610002)Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water TreatmentProject Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD)Research Foundation for Advanced Talents,Jiangsu University(12JDG086)
文摘Many plants exhibit heterophylly; the spatially and temporally remarkable ontogenetic differences in leaf morphology may play an adaptative role in their success under diverse habitats. Thus, this study aimed to gain insights into differences in leaf functional traits of heterophyllous Syringa oblata Lindl., which has been widely used as an ornamental tree around the world under different light intensities in East China. No significant differences existed in specific leaf area （SLA） between lanceolate- and heart-shaped leaves. Differ- ences in the investment per unit of light capture surface area deployed between lanceolate- and heart-shaped leaves may benot obvious. This may be attributing to the fact that single leaf wet and dry weight of heart-shaped leaves were significantly higher than those of lanceolate leaves but leaf length and leaf thickness of heart-shaped leaves were significantly lower than those of lanceolate leaves. The SLA of shade trees was sig- nificantly higher than that of sun trees. The investment per unit of light capture surface of shade trees was lower than that of sun trees, making it possible to increase light capture and use efficiency in low-light environments. The phenotypic plas- ticity of most leaf functional traits of lanceoiate leaves was higher than those of heart-shaped leaves because the former is the juvenile and the latter is the adult leaf shape during the process of phylogenetic development of S. oblate. The higher range of phenotypic plasticity of leaf thickness and leaf moisture for sun trees may be beneficial to obtain a more efficient control of water loss and nutrient deprivation in high- light environments, and the lower range of phenotypic plas- ticity of single leaf wet and dry weight, and SLA for shade trees may gain an advantage to increase resource （especially light） capture and use efficiency in low-light environments. In brief, the successfully ecological strategy of plants is to find an optimal mode for the trade-off between various functional traits t
文摘Syringa species not only have good ornamental properties but also play an important role in the landscaping and environmental purification of cities.To investigate the chilling stress resistance of Syringa oblata Lindl.and Syringa reticulata var.mandshurica and provide theoretical grounds for the practical cultivation of Syringa species,in vitro leaves were used to study photosynthetic gas exchange parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters.After nine hours of chilling,decreasing rates of net photosynthesis,stomatal conductance,and transpiration in S.reticulata var.mandshurica leaves were significantly greater than that of the S.oblata,while intercellular CO2 concentrations in S.oblata leaves were higher than those in S.reticulata var.mandshurica.The quantum yield of PSII reaction center(APSII)declined in S.reticulata and light capture efficiency(Fv 0/Fm 0)was stable.However,reduction percentages of Fv 0/Fm 0,APSII,and Fv/Fm in S.oblata were significant higher than those of S.reticulata var.mandshurica.After nine hours of chilling,the relative variable fluorescence of VJ and VI of S.oblata increased and the increasing rate of VJ was greater than VI.In contrast,the change of VJ and VI in S.reticulata var.mandshurica leaves was relatively small.This suggests that chilling primarily damaged the electron transport process of QA to QB at the receptor site of the PSII reaction center.Photosynthetic capacity of S.oblata was more sensitive to chilling stress compared to S.reticulate var.mandshurica,which the limitations were mainly due to non-stomatal factors such as the decrease in electron transport efficiency,activity in the PSII reaction center,and the destruction of the photodamage defense system.
文摘Two new sesquiterpenes, innatifolone A(1) and pinnatifolone B(2), along with 6 known compounds, furostan(3), isocalamendiol(4), pluviatolide(5),(8S,8'R,9S)-cubebin(6), 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-3-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl) tetrahydrofuran(7), and methyl 3-acetoxy-12-oleanen-28-oate(8), were isolated from Mongolian herb Syringa pinnatifolia.
基金This research is supported by the NKBRSF (G1999043407-1) Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (KZCX2-406 & SCXZD0101).
文摘The fresh pollen vitality, the effect of different storage conditions on the pollen vitality, and the difference of vitality among the species of seven species of Syringa were determined in Shenyang, China. The results indicated that the pollen vi-tality (81.5%) of Syringa villosa was the highest among the seven tested species, followed by S. microphylla and S. meyeri, and that of S. oblata var. affinis was the lowest. The low temperature was the best condition for storage of pollen of Syringa, and the most proper temperature for the storage was 0-2 癈. The storability of S. microphylla was the best of all, and it could be stored over 60 days at the temperature of 0-2 癈, next was S. villosa and S. meyeri.
基金supported by the Project of Construction of Innovative Teams and Teacher Career Development for Universities and Colleges under Beijing Municipality(IDHT20150503)the National Natural Science foundation of China(31201645)+1 种基金Science and Technology Planning Project of Beijing(Z121100007412003)Building Project of Beijing Laboratory of Urban and Rural Ecological Environment(PXM2015-014207-000014)
文摘Syringa is an important aromatic woody angiosperm that is widely planted in gardens. Its dry flowers are traditionally used to manufacture infusions and spices in China. In this study, the floral volatiles emitted from nine different Syringa species and varieties, viz. S. chinensis, S. protolaciniata, S. oblata, S. oblata var. giraldii, S. oblata var. plena, S. vulgaris ＇Mrs Harry Bickle＇, S. vulgaris ＇Bright Centennial＇, S. vulgaris ＇White Spires＇, and S. vulgaris ＇President Lincoln＇ were collected by the dynamic headspace technique, and then identified by automated thermal desorption-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. There were significant differences in components and corresponding contents of floral scent emitted from the nine Syringa species and varieties. Among the detected components, β-ocimene exhibited the highest content, accounting for more than 70 % of the floral scent of S. protolaciniata, S. oblata var. giraldii, and S. vulgaris ＇Bright Centennial＇. A significant daytime variation of floral scent emitted from S. pekinensis was recorded, especially for benzaldehyde, whose content first increased and then decreased. We studied the scent emitted from the in vitro flowers of S. vulgaris ＇Pres Lincoln＇ during the process of natural drying. Alcohol compounds were released in the greatest content, and the content of 2-ethyl-l-hexanol accounted for about 40 % of the total release amount. The results described the emission pattern and mechanisms of floral scent in Syringa.
