The world is rapidly adopting renewable energy alternatives at a remarkable rate to address the ever-increasing environmental crisis of CO_(2) emissions.Renewable energy system offers enormous potential to decarbonize...The world is rapidly adopting renewable energy alternatives at a remarkable rate to address the ever-increasing environmental crisis of CO_(2) emissions.Renewable energy system offers enormous potential to decarbonize the environment because they produce no greenhouse gases or other polluting emissions.However,the RES relies on natural resources for energy generation,such as sunlight,wind,water,geothermal,which are generally un-predictable and reliant on weather,season,and year.To account for these intermittencies,renewable energy can be stored using various techniques and then used in a consistent and controlled manner as needed.Several researchers from around the world have made substantial contributions over the last century to developing novel methods of energy storage that are efficient enough to meet increasing energy demand and technological break-throughs.This review attempts to provide a critical review of the advancements in the energy storage system from 1850-2022,including its evolution,classification,operating principles and comparison.展开更多
In West Africa and particularly in Burkina Faso, Roselle, Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae) is receiving increasing attention as a crop with potential for making great socio-economic impacts. The biology of Spermopha...In West Africa and particularly in Burkina Faso, Roselle, Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae) is receiving increasing attention as a crop with potential for making great socio-economic impacts. The biology of Spermophagus niger, recently identified as the main insect pest in the storage of roselle seeds, is poorly known. The present study aimed at comparing the reproductive potential of this insect on the seeds of two roselle varieties Altissima and Sabdariffa, mainly grown in Burkina Faso to identify susceptible/resistant variety to the pest. The results obtained are the first complete data on life history traits of S. niger in laboratory conditions. Overall, they indicated that both seed varieties have similar susceptibility to S. niger. The main life history traits measured did not differ significantly on both varieties (P 】0.05). However, the first generation individuals from the Altissima seeds were significantly larger (P = 0.0007 and P 【0.0001 for males and females respectively) and weighed more (P 【0.0001) than those from the other roselle variety. This result suggests that individuals from the Altissima variety may have a higher seed-damaging potential than those developed in the Sabdariffa variety and this potential might increase over successive generations. The consequences of such findings are discussed with a view to improving the post-harvest storage of roselle seeds and reducing losses in West Africa.展开更多
Although it has been recognized that soils play a critical role in carbon storage and that coastal temperate forests have considerable potential to sequester soil organic carbon (SOC), studies related to SOC stocks an...Although it has been recognized that soils play a critical role in carbon storage and that coastal temperate forests have considerable potential to sequester soil organic carbon (SOC), studies related to SOC stocks and stability are scarce in these ecosystems. Forest disturbances may leave legacies on SOC properties and may further compromise SOC storage capacity of these ecosystems. In the Pacific Spirit Regional Park of southwestern British Columbia, we compared SOC stocks and stability among three second-growth forests that have been affected by disturbances of different magnitudes. We collected data on soil chemical and physical properties to estimate SOC content and assess SOC stability. We found that SOC stocks in the forest characterized by low magnitude disturbance were greater than those of the forest characterized by high magnitude disturbance (8.2 ± 1.3 kg·Cm<sup>-2</sup> versus 5.3 ± 0.1 kg·Cm<sup>-2</sup> to 30 cm depth). SOC was less stable in the highly disturbed forest and subsequent vegetation changes might have further reduced SOC stability. Our results provide insight into the role of disturbance history in the current SOC storage capacity of coastal temperate rainforests of British Columbia.展开更多
Drosophila suzukii is an invasive pest causing severe damages to a large panel of cultivated crops.To facili tate its biocontrol with stratcgies such as sterile or incompatible insect techniques,D.suzukid must be mass...Drosophila suzukii is an invasive pest causing severe damages to a large panel of cultivated crops.To facili tate its biocontrol with stratcgies such as sterile or incompatible insect techniques,D.suzukid must be mass-produced and then stored and transported under low temperature.Prolonged cold exposure induces chill injuries that can be mitigated if the cold period is interrupted with short warming intervals,referred to as fluctuating thermal regimes(FTR).In this study,we tested how to optimally use FTR to extend the shelf life of D.suzukii under cold storage.Several FTR parameters were asessed:temperature(15,20,25℃),duration(0.5,1,2,3 h),and frequency(every 12,24,36,48 h)of warming intervals,in two wild-type lines and in two developmental stages(pupac and adults).Generally,FTR improved cold storage tolerance with respect to constant low temperatures(CLT).Cold mortality was lower when recovery temperature was 20℃ or higher,when duration was 2 h per day or longer,and when warming interruptions occurred frequently(every 12 or 24 h).Applying an optimized FTR protocol to adults greatly reduced cold mortality over long-term storage(up to 130 d).Consequences of FTR on fitness-related traits were also investigated.For adults,poststorage survival was unaffected by FTR,as was the case for female fecundity and male mating capacity.On the other hand,when cold storage occurred at pupal stage,postorage survival and male mating capacity were altered under CLT,but not under FTR.After storage of pupae,female fecundity was lower under FTR compared to CLT,suggesting an energy trade-off between repair of chill damages and C22 production.This study provides detailed information on the application and optimization of an FTR-based protocol for cold storage of D.suzuki that could be useful for the biocontrol of this pest.展开更多
文摘The world is rapidly adopting renewable energy alternatives at a remarkable rate to address the ever-increasing environmental crisis of CO_(2) emissions.Renewable energy system offers enormous potential to decarbonize the environment because they produce no greenhouse gases or other polluting emissions.However,the RES relies on natural resources for energy generation,such as sunlight,wind,water,geothermal,which are generally un-predictable and reliant on weather,season,and year.To account for these intermittencies,renewable energy can be stored using various techniques and then used in a consistent and controlled manner as needed.Several researchers from around the world have made substantial contributions over the last century to developing novel methods of energy storage that are efficient enough to meet increasing energy demand and technological break-throughs.This review attempts to provide a critical review of the advancements in the energy storage system from 1850-2022,including its evolution,classification,operating principles and comparison.
文摘In West Africa and particularly in Burkina Faso, Roselle, Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae) is receiving increasing attention as a crop with potential for making great socio-economic impacts. The biology of Spermophagus niger, recently identified as the main insect pest in the storage of roselle seeds, is poorly known. The present study aimed at comparing the reproductive potential of this insect on the seeds of two roselle varieties Altissima and Sabdariffa, mainly grown in Burkina Faso to identify susceptible/resistant variety to the pest. The results obtained are the first complete data on life history traits of S. niger in laboratory conditions. Overall, they indicated that both seed varieties have similar susceptibility to S. niger. The main life history traits measured did not differ significantly on both varieties (P 】0.05). However, the first generation individuals from the Altissima seeds were significantly larger (P = 0.0007 and P 【0.0001 for males and females respectively) and weighed more (P 【0.0001) than those from the other roselle variety. This result suggests that individuals from the Altissima variety may have a higher seed-damaging potential than those developed in the Sabdariffa variety and this potential might increase over successive generations. The consequences of such findings are discussed with a view to improving the post-harvest storage of roselle seeds and reducing losses in West Africa.
文摘Although it has been recognized that soils play a critical role in carbon storage and that coastal temperate forests have considerable potential to sequester soil organic carbon (SOC), studies related to SOC stocks and stability are scarce in these ecosystems. Forest disturbances may leave legacies on SOC properties and may further compromise SOC storage capacity of these ecosystems. In the Pacific Spirit Regional Park of southwestern British Columbia, we compared SOC stocks and stability among three second-growth forests that have been affected by disturbances of different magnitudes. We collected data on soil chemical and physical properties to estimate SOC content and assess SOC stability. We found that SOC stocks in the forest characterized by low magnitude disturbance were greater than those of the forest characterized by high magnitude disturbance (8.2 ± 1.3 kg·Cm<sup>-2</sup> versus 5.3 ± 0.1 kg·Cm<sup>-2</sup> to 30 cm depth). SOC was less stable in the highly disturbed forest and subsequent vegetation changes might have further reduced SOC stability. Our results provide insight into the role of disturbance history in the current SOC storage capacity of coastal temperate rainforests of British Columbia.
基金was funded by SUZUKILL project(The French National Research Agency):ANR-15-CE21-0017 and Austrian Science Fund(FWF):I 2604-B25.
文摘Drosophila suzukii is an invasive pest causing severe damages to a large panel of cultivated crops.To facili tate its biocontrol with stratcgies such as sterile or incompatible insect techniques,D.suzukid must be mass-produced and then stored and transported under low temperature.Prolonged cold exposure induces chill injuries that can be mitigated if the cold period is interrupted with short warming intervals,referred to as fluctuating thermal regimes(FTR).In this study,we tested how to optimally use FTR to extend the shelf life of D.suzukii under cold storage.Several FTR parameters were asessed:temperature(15,20,25℃),duration(0.5,1,2,3 h),and frequency(every 12,24,36,48 h)of warming intervals,in two wild-type lines and in two developmental stages(pupac and adults).Generally,FTR improved cold storage tolerance with respect to constant low temperatures(CLT).Cold mortality was lower when recovery temperature was 20℃ or higher,when duration was 2 h per day or longer,and when warming interruptions occurred frequently(every 12 or 24 h).Applying an optimized FTR protocol to adults greatly reduced cold mortality over long-term storage(up to 130 d).Consequences of FTR on fitness-related traits were also investigated.For adults,poststorage survival was unaffected by FTR,as was the case for female fecundity and male mating capacity.On the other hand,when cold storage occurred at pupal stage,postorage survival and male mating capacity were altered under CLT,but not under FTR.After storage of pupae,female fecundity was lower under FTR compared to CLT,suggesting an energy trade-off between repair of chill damages and C22 production.This study provides detailed information on the application and optimization of an FTR-based protocol for cold storage of D.suzuki that could be useful for the biocontrol of this pest.
