Sleep disorders are common in patients with Alzheimer’s disease,and can even occur in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment,which appears before Alzheimer’s disease.Sleep disorders further impair cognitiv...Sleep disorders are common in patients with Alzheimer’s disease,and can even occur in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment,which appears before Alzheimer’s disease.Sleep disorders further impair cognitive function and accelerate the accumulation of amyloid-βand tau in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.At present,sleep disorders are considered as a risk factor for,and may be a predictor of,Alzheimer’s disease development.Given that sleep disorders are encountered in other types of dementia and psychiatric conditions,sleep-related biomarkers to predict Alzheimer’s disease need to have high specificity and sensitivity.Here,we summarize the major Alzheimer’s disease-specific sleep changes,including abnormal non-rapid eye movement sleep,sleep fragmentation,and sleep-disordered breathing,and describe their ability to predict the onset of Alzheimer’s disease at its earliest stages.Understanding the mechanisms underlying these sleep changes is also crucial if we are to clarify the role of sleep in Alzheimer’s disease.This paper therefore explores some potential mechanisms that may contribute to sleep disorders,including dysregulation of the orexinergic,glutamatergic,andγ-aminobutyric acid systems and the circadian rhythm,together with amyloid-βaccumulation.This review could provide a theoretical basis for the development of drugs to treat Alzheimer’s disease based on sleep disorders in future work.展开更多
Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a debilitating disorder that impacts all systems of the body and has been increasing in prevalence throughout the globe.DM represents a significant clinical challenge to care for individuals an...Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a debilitating disorder that impacts all systems of the body and has been increasing in prevalence throughout the globe.DM represents a significant clinical challenge to care for individuals and prevent the onset of chronic disability and ultimately death.Underlying cellular mechanisms for the onset and development of DM are multi-factorial in origin and involve pathways associated with the production of reactive oxygen species and the generation of oxidative stress as well as the dysfunction of mitochondrial cellular organelles,programmed cell death,and circadian rhythm impairments.These pathways can ultimately involve failure in the glymphatic pathway of the brain that is linked to circadian rhythms disorders during the loss of metabolic homeostasis.New studies incorporate a number of promising techniques to examine patients with metabolic disorders that can include machine learning and artificial intelligence pathways to potentially predict the onset of metabolic dysfunction.展开更多
Purpose To date,no study has investigated the extent to which sleep-wake behaviour(SWB)influences match performance in junior tennis players.This study aimed to assess the influence of SWB for the week and night befor...Purpose To date,no study has investigated the extent to which sleep-wake behaviour(SWB)influences match performance in junior tennis players.This study aimed to assess the influence of SWB for the week and night before on match performance,particularly match analytics and activity.Methods This study recruited 10 junior state grade tennis players who wore an actigraphy device and completed a sleep diary for the week before their match on two separate occasions throughout their competition season.Players wore a global positioning system device to track their movement during matches,and an experienced tennis coach recorded players'match analytics.Results This study showed that the sleep fragmentation index was significantly lower the week before matches in females who had won than those who had lost.Additionally,the sleep fragmentation index was significantly lower the night before a given match than the week before.Only sleep fragmentation index and sleep latency significantly influenced match performance in junior tennis players.The percentage of second serves points won differed between match wins and losses for male players,while winners and forced errors differed for female players.Conclusion These findings provide a detailed profile of tennis match play in junior state grade players.Despite individual differences,reduced restlessness the night before a match coincides with increased match performance.展开更多
Background:Sleep disorders are one of the earliest non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD).Sleep disorders could,therefore,have value for recognition and diagnosis in PD.However,no unified classification an...Background:Sleep disorders are one of the earliest non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD).Sleep disorders could,therefore,have value for recognition and diagnosis in PD.However,no unified classification and diagnostic criteria exist to evaluate sleep disorders by polysomnography (PSG).Utilizing PSG to monitor sleep processes of patients with PD and analyze sleep disorder characteristics and their relationship with demographic parameters could aid in bridging this gap.This preliminary study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristic of sleep disorders in PD using PSG.Methods:PSG was used to evaluate sleep disorders in 27 patients with PD and 20 healthy volunteers between August 2015 and July 2018 in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital.Total sleep time (TST),sleep efficiency (SE),total wake time,and other parameters were compared between the two groups.Finally,the correlation between sleep disorders and age,disease duration,Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-Ⅲ scores,Hoehn-Yahr stage,and levodopa dose were analyzed.The main statistical methods included Chi-square test,two independent samples t test,Fisher exact test,and Pearson correlation.Results:Sleep fragmentation in the PD group was significantly increased (74.1%) while difficulty falling asleep and early awakening were not,as compared to healthy controls.No significant differences were found in time in bed,sleep latency (SL),non-rapid eye movement (NREM) stage 1 (N1),N1%,N2,N2%,N3%,and NREM% between PD and control groups;but TST (327.96± 105.26 min vs.414.67 ± 78.31 min,P =0.003),SE (63.26%± 14.83% vs.76.8%± 11.57%,P =0.001),R N3 (20.00 [39.00] min vs.61.50 [48.87] min,P=0.001),NREM (262.59 ± 91.20 min vs.337.17± 63.47 min,P=0.003),rapid-eyemovement (REM)(32.50 [33.00] min vs.85.25 [32.12] min,P < 0.001),REM%(9.56 ± 6.01 vs.15.50 ± 4.81,P =0.001),REM sleep latency (157.89 ± 99.04 min vs.103.47 ± 71.70 min,P =0.034) were significantly reduced in PD group.Conclusion:This preliminary study supported that sleep fragmentation was a展开更多
Objective To evaluate the feasibility of pulse transit time (PTT) arousals as an index of sleep fragmentation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods Individuals referred for evalua...Objective To evaluate the feasibility of pulse transit time (PTT) arousals as an index of sleep fragmentation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods Individuals referred for evaluation of possible OSAHS underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG). Three conventional indices of sleep fragmentation [electroencephalography (EEG) arousals, apnea/hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI)], PTT arousals, and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) were compared. Results PTT arousals were positively correlated with EEG arousals (r= 0.746, P<0.001), AHI (r= 0.786, P<0.001), and ODI (r= 0.665, P<0.001), respectively. But, both PTT arousals and EEG arousals had no correlation with ESS (r= 0.432, P=0.201; r= 0.196, P=0.591, respectively). Conclusion PTT arousals are correlated well with other standard measures estimating severity of OSAHS and potentially a non-invasive marker with which to measure the sleep fragmentation in patients with OSAHS.展开更多
基金This work was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Nos. 81660151 (to FFH), 81660751 (to SLY).
文摘Sleep disorders are common in patients with Alzheimer’s disease,and can even occur in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment,which appears before Alzheimer’s disease.Sleep disorders further impair cognitive function and accelerate the accumulation of amyloid-βand tau in patients with Alzheimer’s disease.At present,sleep disorders are considered as a risk factor for,and may be a predictor of,Alzheimer’s disease development.Given that sleep disorders are encountered in other types of dementia and psychiatric conditions,sleep-related biomarkers to predict Alzheimer’s disease need to have high specificity and sensitivity.Here,we summarize the major Alzheimer’s disease-specific sleep changes,including abnormal non-rapid eye movement sleep,sleep fragmentation,and sleep-disordered breathing,and describe their ability to predict the onset of Alzheimer’s disease at its earliest stages.Understanding the mechanisms underlying these sleep changes is also crucial if we are to clarify the role of sleep in Alzheimer’s disease.This paper therefore explores some potential mechanisms that may contribute to sleep disorders,including dysregulation of the orexinergic,glutamatergic,andγ-aminobutyric acid systems and the circadian rhythm,together with amyloid-βaccumulation.This review could provide a theoretical basis for the development of drugs to treat Alzheimer’s disease based on sleep disorders in future work.
基金Supported by American Diabetes AssociationAmerican Heart Association+3 种基金NIH NIEHSNIH NIANIH NINDSand NIH ARRA.
文摘Diabetes mellitus(DM)is a debilitating disorder that impacts all systems of the body and has been increasing in prevalence throughout the globe.DM represents a significant clinical challenge to care for individuals and prevent the onset of chronic disability and ultimately death.Underlying cellular mechanisms for the onset and development of DM are multi-factorial in origin and involve pathways associated with the production of reactive oxygen species and the generation of oxidative stress as well as the dysfunction of mitochondrial cellular organelles,programmed cell death,and circadian rhythm impairments.These pathways can ultimately involve failure in the glymphatic pathway of the brain that is linked to circadian rhythms disorders during the loss of metabolic homeostasis.New studies incorporate a number of promising techniques to examine patients with metabolic disorders that can include machine learning and artificial intelligence pathways to potentially predict the onset of metabolic dysfunction.
基金Open Access funding enabled and organized by CAUL and its Member Institutions.
文摘Purpose To date,no study has investigated the extent to which sleep-wake behaviour(SWB)influences match performance in junior tennis players.This study aimed to assess the influence of SWB for the week and night before on match performance,particularly match analytics and activity.Methods This study recruited 10 junior state grade tennis players who wore an actigraphy device and completed a sleep diary for the week before their match on two separate occasions throughout their competition season.Players wore a global positioning system device to track their movement during matches,and an experienced tennis coach recorded players'match analytics.Results This study showed that the sleep fragmentation index was significantly lower the week before matches in females who had won than those who had lost.Additionally,the sleep fragmentation index was significantly lower the night before a given match than the week before.Only sleep fragmentation index and sleep latency significantly influenced match performance in junior tennis players.The percentage of second serves points won differed between match wins and losses for male players,while winners and forced errors differed for female players.Conclusion These findings provide a detailed profile of tennis match play in junior state grade players.Despite individual differences,reduced restlessness the night before a match coincides with increased match performance.
文摘Background:Sleep disorders are one of the earliest non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD).Sleep disorders could,therefore,have value for recognition and diagnosis in PD.However,no unified classification and diagnostic criteria exist to evaluate sleep disorders by polysomnography (PSG).Utilizing PSG to monitor sleep processes of patients with PD and analyze sleep disorder characteristics and their relationship with demographic parameters could aid in bridging this gap.This preliminary study aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristic of sleep disorders in PD using PSG.Methods:PSG was used to evaluate sleep disorders in 27 patients with PD and 20 healthy volunteers between August 2015 and July 2018 in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital.Total sleep time (TST),sleep efficiency (SE),total wake time,and other parameters were compared between the two groups.Finally,the correlation between sleep disorders and age,disease duration,Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-Ⅲ scores,Hoehn-Yahr stage,and levodopa dose were analyzed.The main statistical methods included Chi-square test,two independent samples t test,Fisher exact test,and Pearson correlation.Results:Sleep fragmentation in the PD group was significantly increased (74.1%) while difficulty falling asleep and early awakening were not,as compared to healthy controls.No significant differences were found in time in bed,sleep latency (SL),non-rapid eye movement (NREM) stage 1 (N1),N1%,N2,N2%,N3%,and NREM% between PD and control groups;but TST (327.96± 105.26 min vs.414.67 ± 78.31 min,P =0.003),SE (63.26%± 14.83% vs.76.8%± 11.57%,P =0.001),R N3 (20.00 [39.00] min vs.61.50 [48.87] min,P=0.001),NREM (262.59 ± 91.20 min vs.337.17± 63.47 min,P=0.003),rapid-eyemovement (REM)(32.50 [33.00] min vs.85.25 [32.12] min,P < 0.001),REM%(9.56 ± 6.01 vs.15.50 ± 4.81,P =0.001),REM sleep latency (157.89 ± 99.04 min vs.103.47 ± 71.70 min,P =0.034) were significantly reduced in PD group.Conclusion:This preliminary study supported that sleep fragmentation was a
文摘Objective To evaluate the feasibility of pulse transit time (PTT) arousals as an index of sleep fragmentation in patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods Individuals referred for evaluation of possible OSAHS underwent overnight polysomnography (PSG). Three conventional indices of sleep fragmentation [electroencephalography (EEG) arousals, apnea/hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI)], PTT arousals, and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) were compared. Results PTT arousals were positively correlated with EEG arousals (r= 0.746, P<0.001), AHI (r= 0.786, P<0.001), and ODI (r= 0.665, P<0.001), respectively. But, both PTT arousals and EEG arousals had no correlation with ESS (r= 0.432, P=0.201; r= 0.196, P=0.591, respectively). Conclusion PTT arousals are correlated well with other standard measures estimating severity of OSAHS and potentially a non-invasive marker with which to measure the sleep fragmentation in patients with OSAHS.
