该文研究了IMS(IP Multimedia Subsystem)中的呼叫建立流程,以确定可以优化的信令流量,研究结果显示:S-CSCF(Serving Call Session Control Function)是IMS中的瓶颈点。为了降低会话建立时延,提高系统性能,提出了一种基于组的业务触发算...该文研究了IMS(IP Multimedia Subsystem)中的呼叫建立流程,以确定可以优化的信令流量,研究结果显示:S-CSCF(Serving Call Session Control Function)是IMS中的瓶颈点。为了降低会话建立时延,提高系统性能,提出了一种基于组的业务触发算法(Group based Service Triggering Algorithm,GSTA),然后对现有3GPP(3rd Generation Partnership Project)提出的业务触发算法(3GPP STA,3GPP Service Triggering Algorithm)和GSTA进行了性能建模,理论分析和仿真结果表明GSTA可以有效地降低S-CSCF的信令流量,增加了整个系统的吞吐量,同时显著减少了会话建立时延,提高了IMS网络的服务质量。展开更多
分析了现有 IP 多媒体子系统(IMS)业务触发数据存在的问题,给出了一种业务键的实现方式,业务键的存在可以使多个应用服务器(AS)之间的初始过滤准则(iFC)互不干扰,从而不会因为新业务的部署而引发新旧业务之间的冲突。接着对第三代合作...分析了现有 IP 多媒体子系统(IMS)业务触发数据存在的问题,给出了一种业务键的实现方式,业务键的存在可以使多个应用服务器(AS)之间的初始过滤准则(iFC)互不干扰,从而不会因为新业务的部署而引发新旧业务之间的冲突。接着对第三代合作伙伴计划(3GPP)业务触发和基于业务键的业务触发进行了性能建模,理论分析和仿真结果表-明,通过增加业务键数据,可提高服务呼叫会话控制功能(S-CSCF)和 AS 的匹配效率,使S-CSCF 在一次业务触发中可以触发多个业务,从而简化业务触发流程。基于业务键的业务触发方式可以有效地提高业务触发效率,增加系统的吞吐量,降低会话建立时延,提高IMS 网络的服务质量(QoS)。展开更多
Soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis is important aquatic species in China, and searching for alternatives protein resources to fish meal (FM)-based feeds in feed has become urgent and important for its sustainabi...Soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis is important aquatic species in China, and searching for alternatives protein resources to fish meal (FM)-based feeds in feed has become urgent and important for its sustainability development. The present study was conducted to assess the effects of dietary soy protein concentrate (SPC) on growth, digestive enzymes and target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway of juvenile P. sinensis (4.56 ± 0.09 g). SPC was applied to replace FM protein at 0%, 15%, 30% and 60% (designated as T0, T15, T30 and T60, respectively), and each diet was fed to triplicate groups. The results showed that there was no significant difference in growth performance and feed utilization except of the turtles fed with T60 diet, of which showed poorer daily weight gain and feed conversion rate. The pepsin/trypsin and Na+-K+ ATP-ase activities decreased dramatically when SPC level increased, and lipase activities in liver and intestinal tract also showed decline tendency. However, amylase activities were unaffected. No significant differences were observed in TOR, S6K1 and 4E-BP1 genes mRNA expression level of TOR signaling pathway among the treatments. However, the relative phosphorylated level of these proteins decreased significantly when SPC level increased. The present study indicated that high SPC substitution level would suppress digestive enzymes and TOR signaling pathway proteins phosphorylated level and eventually result in growth reduction of P. sinensis.展开更多
The application of Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSSs)in the intelligent railway systems is rapidly developing all over the world.With the GNSs-based train positioning and moving state perception,the autonomy a...The application of Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSSs)in the intelligent railway systems is rapidly developing all over the world.With the GNSs-based train positioning and moving state perception,the autonomy and flexibility of a novel train control system can be greatly enhanced over the existing solutions relying on the track-side facilities.Considering the safety critical features of the railway signaling applications,the GNSS stand-alone mode may not be sufficient to satisfy the practical requirements.In this paper,the key technologies for applying GNSS in novel train-centric railway signaling systems are investigated,including the multi-sensor data fusion,Virtual Balise(VB)capturing and messaging,train integrity monitoring and system performance evaluation.According to the practical characteristics of the novel train control system under the moving block mode,the details of the key technologies are introduced.Field demonstration results of a novel train control system using the presented technologies under the practical railway operation conditions are presented to illustrate the achievable performance feature of autonomous train state perception using BeiDou Navigation Satellite System(BDS)and related solutions.It reveals the great potentials of these key technologies in the next generation train control system and other GNSS-based railway implementations.展开更多
In mobile IPv6 networks, the ping-pong type of movement brings about frequent handovers and thus increases signaling burden. This letter proposes a fast seamless handover scheme where the access router keeps the mobil...In mobile IPv6 networks, the ping-pong type of movement brings about frequent handovers and thus increases signaling burden. This letter proposes a fast seamless handover scheme where the access router keeps the mobile node's old reservation till the offline Count Down Timer (CDT) expires in order to reduce handover signaling and delay while the mobile node returns in a very short period of time. Based upon a pois son mobility model, an simple expression for CDT optimization is given out for the scheme to achieve the best cost performance of resource reservation.展开更多
To reduce the potential signaling traffic in IP multimedia subsystem （IMS）, the session establishment procedures were investigated. The serving call session eontrol function （S-CSCF） is the major bottleneck in IMS...To reduce the potential signaling traffic in IP multimedia subsystem （IMS）, the session establishment procedures were investigated. The serving call session eontrol function （S-CSCF） is the major bottleneck in IMS and the existing 3GPP service triggering algorithm （STA） based on initial filter eriteria （iFC） increases the end-to-end session setup delay remarkably. To reduce the session setup delay and improve the system performanee, a SIP response message based filter criteria （rFC） was proposed. Based on the rFC, a SIP response message based STA （RSTA） was further proposed. The modeling and theoretical analysis of 3GPP STA and RSTA were presented. Simulation results show that, compared with 3GPP STA, the RSTA can avoid the additional signaling traffie load of the S-CSCF and application server （AS） effectively, reduce the session setup delay eonsiderably, increase the throughput of the S-CSCF and improve the quality of service （QoS） of IMS network.展开更多
The modeling of Application Triggering Architecture （ATA） in the IP Multimedia Sub- system （IMS） is presented. The session setup delay and system throughput are employed as the measurement to investigate the perfo...The modeling of Application Triggering Architecture （ATA） in the IP Multimedia Sub- system （IMS） is presented. The session setup delay and system throughput are employed as the measurement to investigate the performance of ATA and the Serving Call Session Control Punction （S-CSCF）. With theoretical analysis and simulation results, we find that, the number of the ASs （Application Servers）, the use of the subsequent Filter Criteria （sFC） and the arrival rate have heavy impact on the session setup delay and the S-CSCF is the major bottleneck in IMS network. The results are useful in constructing IMS network. At last, we propose several possible solutions to reduce the session setup delay and decrease the load of the S-CSCF.展开更多
文摘该文研究了IMS(IP Multimedia Subsystem)中的呼叫建立流程,以确定可以优化的信令流量,研究结果显示:S-CSCF(Serving Call Session Control Function)是IMS中的瓶颈点。为了降低会话建立时延,提高系统性能,提出了一种基于组的业务触发算法(Group based Service Triggering Algorithm,GSTA),然后对现有3GPP(3rd Generation Partnership Project)提出的业务触发算法(3GPP STA,3GPP Service Triggering Algorithm)和GSTA进行了性能建模,理论分析和仿真结果表明GSTA可以有效地降低S-CSCF的信令流量,增加了整个系统的吞吐量,同时显著减少了会话建立时延,提高了IMS网络的服务质量。
文摘分析了现有 IP 多媒体子系统(IMS)业务触发数据存在的问题,给出了一种业务键的实现方式,业务键的存在可以使多个应用服务器(AS)之间的初始过滤准则(iFC)互不干扰,从而不会因为新业务的部署而引发新旧业务之间的冲突。接着对第三代合作伙伴计划(3GPP)业务触发和基于业务键的业务触发进行了性能建模,理论分析和仿真结果表-明,通过增加业务键数据,可提高服务呼叫会话控制功能(S-CSCF)和 AS 的匹配效率,使S-CSCF 在一次业务触发中可以触发多个业务,从而简化业务触发流程。基于业务键的业务触发方式可以有效地提高业务触发效率,增加系统的吞吐量,降低会话建立时延,提高IMS 网络的服务质量(QoS)。
文摘Soft-shelled turtle, Pelodiscus sinensis is important aquatic species in China, and searching for alternatives protein resources to fish meal (FM)-based feeds in feed has become urgent and important for its sustainability development. The present study was conducted to assess the effects of dietary soy protein concentrate (SPC) on growth, digestive enzymes and target of rapamycin (TOR) signaling pathway of juvenile P. sinensis (4.56 ± 0.09 g). SPC was applied to replace FM protein at 0%, 15%, 30% and 60% (designated as T0, T15, T30 and T60, respectively), and each diet was fed to triplicate groups. The results showed that there was no significant difference in growth performance and feed utilization except of the turtles fed with T60 diet, of which showed poorer daily weight gain and feed conversion rate. The pepsin/trypsin and Na+-K+ ATP-ase activities decreased dramatically when SPC level increased, and lipase activities in liver and intestinal tract also showed decline tendency. However, amylase activities were unaffected. No significant differences were observed in TOR, S6K1 and 4E-BP1 genes mRNA expression level of TOR signaling pathway among the treatments. However, the relative phosphorylated level of these proteins decreased significantly when SPC level increased. The present study indicated that high SPC substitution level would suppress digestive enzymes and TOR signaling pathway proteins phosphorylated level and eventually result in growth reduction of P. sinensis.
基金supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB4300501)National Natural Science Foundation of China(62027809,U2268206,T2222015).
文摘The application of Global Navigation Satellite Systems(GNSSs)in the intelligent railway systems is rapidly developing all over the world.With the GNSs-based train positioning and moving state perception,the autonomy and flexibility of a novel train control system can be greatly enhanced over the existing solutions relying on the track-side facilities.Considering the safety critical features of the railway signaling applications,the GNSS stand-alone mode may not be sufficient to satisfy the practical requirements.In this paper,the key technologies for applying GNSS in novel train-centric railway signaling systems are investigated,including the multi-sensor data fusion,Virtual Balise(VB)capturing and messaging,train integrity monitoring and system performance evaluation.According to the practical characteristics of the novel train control system under the moving block mode,the details of the key technologies are introduced.Field demonstration results of a novel train control system using the presented technologies under the practical railway operation conditions are presented to illustrate the achievable performance feature of autonomous train state perception using BeiDou Navigation Satellite System(BDS)and related solutions.It reveals the great potentials of these key technologies in the next generation train control system and other GNSS-based railway implementations.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.60202005).
文摘In mobile IPv6 networks, the ping-pong type of movement brings about frequent handovers and thus increases signaling burden. This letter proposes a fast seamless handover scheme where the access router keeps the mobile node's old reservation till the offline Count Down Timer (CDT) expires in order to reduce handover signaling and delay while the mobile node returns in a very short period of time. Based upon a pois son mobility model, an simple expression for CDT optimization is given out for the scheme to achieve the best cost performance of resource reservation.
基金Supported by National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (No. 60525110)National Basic Research Program of China (No.2007CB307100, 2007CB307103)+1 种基金Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (No. NCET-04-0111 )Development Fund Project for Electronic and Information Industry (Mobile Service and Application System Based on 3G)
文摘To reduce the potential signaling traffic in IP multimedia subsystem （IMS）, the session establishment procedures were investigated. The serving call session eontrol function （S-CSCF） is the major bottleneck in IMS and the existing 3GPP service triggering algorithm （STA） based on initial filter eriteria （iFC） increases the end-to-end session setup delay remarkably. To reduce the session setup delay and improve the system performanee, a SIP response message based filter criteria （rFC） was proposed. Based on the rFC, a SIP response message based STA （RSTA） was further proposed. The modeling and theoretical analysis of 3GPP STA and RSTA were presented. Simulation results show that, compared with 3GPP STA, the RSTA can avoid the additional signaling traffie load of the S-CSCF and application server （AS） effectively, reduce the session setup delay eonsiderably, increase the throughput of the S-CSCF and improve the quality of service （QoS） of IMS network.
基金Supported by the National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (No.60525110)the National 973 Program (No.2007CB307100, 2007CB307103)+2 种基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University (No. NCET-04-0111)the Development Fund Project for Electronic and Information Industry (Mobile Service and Application System Based on 3G)the National Spe-cific Project for Hi-Tech Industrialization and Information Equipments (Mobile Intelligent Network Supporting Value-added Data Services)
文摘The modeling of Application Triggering Architecture （ATA） in the IP Multimedia Sub- system （IMS） is presented. The session setup delay and system throughput are employed as the measurement to investigate the performance of ATA and the Serving Call Session Control Punction （S-CSCF）. With theoretical analysis and simulation results, we find that, the number of the ASs （Application Servers）, the use of the subsequent Filter Criteria （sFC） and the arrival rate have heavy impact on the session setup delay and the S-CSCF is the major bottleneck in IMS network. The results are useful in constructing IMS network. At last, we propose several possible solutions to reduce the session setup delay and decrease the load of the S-CSCF.
