Much research is dependent on Information and Communication Technologies(ICT).Researchers in different research domains have set up their own ICT systems(data labs)to support their research,from data collection(observ...Much research is dependent on Information and Communication Technologies(ICT).Researchers in different research domains have set up their own ICT systems(data labs)to support their research,from data collection(observation,experiment,simulation)through analysis(analytics,visualisation)to publication.However,too frequently the Digital Objects(DOs)upon which the research results are based are not curated and thus neither available for reproduction of the research nor utilization for other(e.g.,multidisciplinary)research purposes.The key to curation is rich metadata recording not only a description of the DO and the conditions of its use but also the provenance-the trail of actions performed on the DO along the research workflow.There are increasing real-world requirements for multidisciplinary research.With DOs in domain-specific ICT systems(silos),commonly with inadequate metadata,such research is hindered.Despite wide agreement on principles for achieving FAIR(findable,accessible,interoperable,and reusable)utilization of research data,current practices fall short.FAIR DOs offer a way forward.The paradoxes,barriers and possible solutions are examined.The key is persuading the researcher to adopt best practices which implies decreasing the cost(easy to use autonomic tools)and increasing the benefit(incentives such as acknowledgement and citation)while maintaining researcher independence and flexibility.展开更多
数据是大数据时代重要的科技基础条件和战略科技资源.虽然我们生活在数据丰富的世界中,但是数据形态和大小各异,可共享使用的数据十分有限.在大数据和人工智能时代,数据共享变得越来越重要,当前国内外高度重视科学数据共享和治理.国际...数据是大数据时代重要的科技基础条件和战略科技资源.虽然我们生活在数据丰富的世界中,但是数据形态和大小各异,可共享使用的数据十分有限.在大数据和人工智能时代,数据共享变得越来越重要,当前国内外高度重视科学数据共享和治理.国际科学理事会(International Science Council,ISC)下属的世界数据系统(World Data System WDS)在全球拥有128个数据中心(https://www.worlddatasystem.org/community/membership).展开更多
We introduce the concept of Canonical Workflow Building Blocks(CWBB),a methodology of describing and wrapping computational tools,in order for them to be utilised in a reproducible manner from multiple workflow langua...We introduce the concept of Canonical Workflow Building Blocks(CWBB),a methodology of describing and wrapping computational tools,in order for them to be utilised in a reproducible manner from multiple workflow languages and execution platforms.The concept is implemented and demonstrated with the BioExcel Building Blocks library(BioBB),a collection of tool wrappers in the field of computational biomolecular simulation.Interoperability across different workflow languages is showcased through a protein Molecular Dynamics setup transversal workflow,built using this library and run with 5 different Workflow Manager Systems(WfMS).We argue such practice is a necessary requirement for FAIR Computational Workflows and an element of Canonical Workflow Frameworks for Research(CWFR)in order to improve widespread adoption and reuse of computational methods across workflow language barriers.展开更多
Fair use doctrine is easily controversial and difficult to judge,and owning to the coming of the new age,fair use doctrine becomes more troublesome.This paper will hold the balance between the right of reproduction of...Fair use doctrine is easily controversial and difficult to judge,and owning to the coming of the new age,fair use doctrine becomes more troublesome.This paper will hold the balance between the right of reproduction of library and the publisher interests by approaching a case under these four elements:the requirement for the Purpose and character of the use;The nature of the copyrighted work;The amount and substantiality of the works used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole;The effect of the use upon the potential market for and value of the copyrighted work.展开更多
文摘Much research is dependent on Information and Communication Technologies(ICT).Researchers in different research domains have set up their own ICT systems(data labs)to support their research,from data collection(observation,experiment,simulation)through analysis(analytics,visualisation)to publication.However,too frequently the Digital Objects(DOs)upon which the research results are based are not curated and thus neither available for reproduction of the research nor utilization for other(e.g.,multidisciplinary)research purposes.The key to curation is rich metadata recording not only a description of the DO and the conditions of its use but also the provenance-the trail of actions performed on the DO along the research workflow.There are increasing real-world requirements for multidisciplinary research.With DOs in domain-specific ICT systems(silos),commonly with inadequate metadata,such research is hindered.Despite wide agreement on principles for achieving FAIR(findable,accessible,interoperable,and reusable)utilization of research data,current practices fall short.FAIR DOs offer a way forward.The paradoxes,barriers and possible solutions are examined.The key is persuading the researcher to adopt best practices which implies decreasing the cost(easy to use autonomic tools)and increasing the benefit(incentives such as acknowledgement and citation)while maintaining researcher independence and flexibility.
文摘数据是大数据时代重要的科技基础条件和战略科技资源.虽然我们生活在数据丰富的世界中,但是数据形态和大小各异,可共享使用的数据十分有限.在大数据和人工智能时代,数据共享变得越来越重要,当前国内外高度重视科学数据共享和治理.国际科学理事会(International Science Council,ISC)下属的世界数据系统(World Data System WDS)在全球拥有128个数据中心(https://www.worlddatasystem.org/community/membership).
基金a project funded by the European Union contracts H2020-INFRAEDI-02-2018823830,and H2020-EINFRA-2015-1675728funded through EOSC-Life(https://www.eosc-life.eu)contract H2020-INFRAEOSC-2018-2824087ELIXIR-CONVERGE(https://elixir-europe.org)contract H2020-INFRADEV-2019-2871075.
文摘We introduce the concept of Canonical Workflow Building Blocks(CWBB),a methodology of describing and wrapping computational tools,in order for them to be utilised in a reproducible manner from multiple workflow languages and execution platforms.The concept is implemented and demonstrated with the BioExcel Building Blocks library(BioBB),a collection of tool wrappers in the field of computational biomolecular simulation.Interoperability across different workflow languages is showcased through a protein Molecular Dynamics setup transversal workflow,built using this library and run with 5 different Workflow Manager Systems(WfMS).We argue such practice is a necessary requirement for FAIR Computational Workflows and an element of Canonical Workflow Frameworks for Research(CWFR)in order to improve widespread adoption and reuse of computational methods across workflow language barriers.
文摘Fair use doctrine is easily controversial and difficult to judge,and owning to the coming of the new age,fair use doctrine becomes more troublesome.This paper will hold the balance between the right of reproduction of library and the publisher interests by approaching a case under these four elements:the requirement for the Purpose and character of the use;The nature of the copyrighted work;The amount and substantiality of the works used in relation to the copyrighted work as a whole;The effect of the use upon the potential market for and value of the copyrighted work.
