AIM: To investigate the absorption characteristics of the total alkaloids from Mahoniae Caulis(TAMC) through the administration of monterpene absorption enhancers or protein inhibitors. METHOD: The absorption behavior...AIM: To investigate the absorption characteristics of the total alkaloids from Mahoniae Caulis(TAMC) through the administration of monterpene absorption enhancers or protein inhibitors. METHOD: The absorption behavior was investigated in an in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion(SPIP) assay in rats. RESULTS: The intestinal absorption of TAMC was much more than that of a single compound or a mixture of compounds(jatrorrhizine, palmatine, and berberine). Promotion of absorption by the bicyclic monoterpenoids(borneol or camphor) was higher than by the monocyclic monoterpenes(menthol or menthone), and promotion by compounds with a hydroxyl group(borneol or menthol) was higher than those with a carbonyl group(camphor or menthone). The apparent permeability coefficient(Papp) of TAMC was increased to 1.8-fold by verapamil, while it was reduced to one half by thiamine. The absorption rate constant(Ka) and Papp of TAMC were unchanged by probenecid and pantoprazole. CONCLUSION: The intestinal absorption characteristics of TAMC might be passive transport, and the intestinum tenue was the best absorptive site. In addition, TAMC might be likely a substrate of P-glycoprotein(P-gp) and organic cation transporters(OCT), rather than multidrug resistance protein(MRP) and breast cancer resistance protein(BCRP). Compared with a single compound and a mixture of compounds, TAMC was able to be absorbed in the blood circulation effectively.展开更多
乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)衣壳蛋白在整个生命周期中起着重要作用,是药物设计的理想靶标。衣壳蛋白抑制剂可以通过抑制HBV的复制,与核苷类药物发挥协同抗病毒作用。本文从药物化学的视角对不同结构类型的HBV衣壳蛋白抑制剂...乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)衣壳蛋白在整个生命周期中起着重要作用,是药物设计的理想靶标。衣壳蛋白抑制剂可以通过抑制HBV的复制,与核苷类药物发挥协同抗病毒作用。本文从药物化学的视角对不同结构类型的HBV衣壳蛋白抑制剂的研究进展进行综述。展开更多
目的:研究抗肿瘤靶点人MutT同源体1蛋白(Human MutT Homolog-1,MTH1)抑制剂的构效关系,构建药效团筛选模型筛选潜在的MTH1抑制剂。方法:采用计算机辅助药物设计方法,通过Discovery Studio 3.0软件包中分子共同特征药效团HipHop算法,使...目的:研究抗肿瘤靶点人MutT同源体1蛋白(Human MutT Homolog-1,MTH1)抑制剂的构效关系,构建药效团筛选模型筛选潜在的MTH1抑制剂。方法:采用计算机辅助药物设计方法,通过Discovery Studio 3.0软件包中分子共同特征药效团HipHop算法,使用14个已知MTH1抑制剂分子作为训练集构建药效团模型,并通过Decoy Set验证准确性。结果:获得富集率为13.1的HipHop药效团模型,通过分子对接验证虚拟筛选出的75个候选化合物,得到先导化合物GK01945和HTS07767,能与受体形成良好的相互作用。结论:构建的药效团模型可以作为筛选模型,筛选出的MTH1潜在抑制剂,为抗肿瘤药物MTH1抑制剂开发提供了新思路。展开更多
目的探讨前列地尔联合艾塞那肽对2型糖尿病患者的疗效及对血清脂肪特异性丝氨酸蛋白内抑制剂(vaspin)和内抑素(NES)的影响。方法选取130例糖尿病患者,随机均分为观察组和对照组,每组65例。对照组给予艾塞那肽治疗,观察组给予艾塞那肽联...目的探讨前列地尔联合艾塞那肽对2型糖尿病患者的疗效及对血清脂肪特异性丝氨酸蛋白内抑制剂(vaspin)和内抑素(NES)的影响。方法选取130例糖尿病患者,随机均分为观察组和对照组,每组65例。对照组给予艾塞那肽治疗,观察组给予艾塞那肽联合前列地尔治疗,治疗2周后观察2组患者的生化功能、血管功能、肾功能及血清Vaspin和NES水平。结果治疗前2组患者的生化功能、血管功能、肾功能及血清vaspin和NES水平比较差异无统计学意义,治疗后2组患者的空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1C)、体质量指数(BMI)、空腹C肽、餐后2 h C肽、三酰甘油(TG)和总胆固醇(TC)均显著下降,观察组下降更显著(P<0.05);治疗后2组患者的尿总蛋白、尿素氮(BUN)和血肌酐(SCr)均显著下降,观察组下降更显著(P<0.05);治疗后2组患者的收缩期血管峰值血流速度(PSV)和内膜中层厚度(IMT)均降低,且观察组下降更显著,狭窄率均升高,且观察组升高更显著(P<0.05);治疗后2组患者的血清vaspin和NES水平均显著升高,且观察组升高更显著(P<0.05);2组患者均未出现严重的不良反应。结论前列地尔联合艾塞那肽治疗2型糖尿病患者的效果较好,可有效控制血糖,显著升高血清vaspin、NES水平,改善患者的血管功能、肾功能,降低糖尿病的并发症发生率。展开更多
Several epidemiological studies have clearly shown that low plasma levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) represent a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. However, it is unclear if there is a caus...Several epidemiological studies have clearly shown that low plasma levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) represent a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. However, it is unclear if there is a causal association between HDL-C concentration and CVD. A recent study published in the Lancet, which performed two Mendelian randomization analyses, showed that increased HDL-C levels were not associated with a decreased risk of myocardial infarction. These findings, together with the termination of the niacin-based AIM-HIGH trial and the discontinuation of cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitor dalcetrapib, challenge the concept that raising of plasma HDL-C will uniformly translate into reductions in CVD risk. HDL particles exhibit several anti-atherosclerotic properties, such as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities and cellular cholesterol efflux activity. Furthermore, HDL particles are very heterogeneous in terms of size, structure, composition and metabolism. HDL functionality may be associated more strongly with CVD risk than the traditional HDL-C levels. More research is needed to assess the association of the structure of HDL particle with its functionality and metabolism.展开更多
基金supported by China Pharmaceutical University Training Programs of Innovation for Undergraduates(No.02640390)
文摘AIM: To investigate the absorption characteristics of the total alkaloids from Mahoniae Caulis(TAMC) through the administration of monterpene absorption enhancers or protein inhibitors. METHOD: The absorption behavior was investigated in an in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion(SPIP) assay in rats. RESULTS: The intestinal absorption of TAMC was much more than that of a single compound or a mixture of compounds(jatrorrhizine, palmatine, and berberine). Promotion of absorption by the bicyclic monoterpenoids(borneol or camphor) was higher than by the monocyclic monoterpenes(menthol or menthone), and promotion by compounds with a hydroxyl group(borneol or menthol) was higher than those with a carbonyl group(camphor or menthone). The apparent permeability coefficient(Papp) of TAMC was increased to 1.8-fold by verapamil, while it was reduced to one half by thiamine. The absorption rate constant(Ka) and Papp of TAMC were unchanged by probenecid and pantoprazole. CONCLUSION: The intestinal absorption characteristics of TAMC might be passive transport, and the intestinum tenue was the best absorptive site. In addition, TAMC might be likely a substrate of P-glycoprotein(P-gp) and organic cation transporters(OCT), rather than multidrug resistance protein(MRP) and breast cancer resistance protein(BCRP). Compared with a single compound and a mixture of compounds, TAMC was able to be absorbed in the blood circulation effectively.
文摘目的探讨前列地尔联合艾塞那肽对2型糖尿病患者的疗效及对血清脂肪特异性丝氨酸蛋白内抑制剂(vaspin)和内抑素(NES)的影响。方法选取130例糖尿病患者,随机均分为观察组和对照组,每组65例。对照组给予艾塞那肽治疗,观察组给予艾塞那肽联合前列地尔治疗,治疗2周后观察2组患者的生化功能、血管功能、肾功能及血清Vaspin和NES水平。结果治疗前2组患者的生化功能、血管功能、肾功能及血清vaspin和NES水平比较差异无统计学意义,治疗后2组患者的空腹血糖(FBG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1C)、体质量指数(BMI)、空腹C肽、餐后2 h C肽、三酰甘油(TG)和总胆固醇(TC)均显著下降,观察组下降更显著(P<0.05);治疗后2组患者的尿总蛋白、尿素氮(BUN)和血肌酐(SCr)均显著下降,观察组下降更显著(P<0.05);治疗后2组患者的收缩期血管峰值血流速度(PSV)和内膜中层厚度(IMT)均降低,且观察组下降更显著,狭窄率均升高,且观察组升高更显著(P<0.05);治疗后2组患者的血清vaspin和NES水平均显著升高,且观察组升高更显著(P<0.05);2组患者均未出现严重的不良反应。结论前列地尔联合艾塞那肽治疗2型糖尿病患者的效果较好,可有效控制血糖,显著升高血清vaspin、NES水平,改善患者的血管功能、肾功能,降低糖尿病的并发症发生率。
文摘Several epidemiological studies have clearly shown that low plasma levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) represent a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. However, it is unclear if there is a causal association between HDL-C concentration and CVD. A recent study published in the Lancet, which performed two Mendelian randomization analyses, showed that increased HDL-C levels were not associated with a decreased risk of myocardial infarction. These findings, together with the termination of the niacin-based AIM-HIGH trial and the discontinuation of cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitor dalcetrapib, challenge the concept that raising of plasma HDL-C will uniformly translate into reductions in CVD risk. HDL particles exhibit several anti-atherosclerotic properties, such as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative activities and cellular cholesterol efflux activity. Furthermore, HDL particles are very heterogeneous in terms of size, structure, composition and metabolism. HDL functionality may be associated more strongly with CVD risk than the traditional HDL-C levels. More research is needed to assess the association of the structure of HDL particle with its functionality and metabolism.
