Grid-level large-scale electrical energy storage(GLEES) is an essential approach for balancing the supply–demand of electricity generation, distribution, and usage. Compared with conventional energy storage methods, ...Grid-level large-scale electrical energy storage(GLEES) is an essential approach for balancing the supply–demand of electricity generation, distribution, and usage. Compared with conventional energy storage methods, battery technologies are desirable energy storage devices for GLEES due to their easy modularization, rapid response, flexible installation, and short construction cycles. In general, battery energy storage technologies are expected to meet the requirements of GLEES such as peak shaving and load leveling, voltage and frequency regulation, and emergency response, which are highlighted in this perspective. Furthermore, several types of battery technologies, including lead–acid, nickel–cadmium, nickel–metal hydride, sodium–sulfur, lithium-ion, and flow batteries, are discussed in detail for the application of GLEES. Moreover, some possible developing directions to facilitate efforts in this area are presented to establish a perspective on battery technology, provide a road map for guiding future studies, and promote the commercial application of batteries for GLEES.展开更多
随着“十四五”新能源布局向中东部倾斜,中东部的新能源发展速度高于西部、北部地区,对受端电网新能源承载能力的研究变得越来越迫切。文中针对华东受端电网,提出了一种评估新能源承载规模上限的方法。该方法依托中国电科院研发的生产...随着“十四五”新能源布局向中东部倾斜,中东部的新能源发展速度高于西部、北部地区,对受端电网新能源承载能力的研究变得越来越迫切。文中针对华东受端电网,提出了一种评估新能源承载规模上限的方法。该方法依托中国电科院研发的生产模拟软件,统筹直流规模、弃电率、交流断面限制、储能应用等因素,在满足电力电量平衡、调峰平衡等约束前提,优化求解各类电源开发规模,求得受调峰约束的新能源发展上限;依托综合仿真试验研究系统(Power system department-bonneville power administration,PSD-BPA),兼顾直流规模、直流功率敏感性,在满足单一直流功率缺额不触发低频减载、第一级安全稳定标准等约束条件,利用时序仿真法求得受频率稳定、电压稳定约束的新能源发展上限;通过比较论证,提出制约华东电网新能源规划发展的主要影响因素、承载规模和应对措施。展开更多
传统的最大功率点跟踪(maximum power point tracking,MPPT)方法在均匀辐射条件下效率较高,但由于光伏阵列与辐射、温度之间的强非线性特性,在局部遮荫条件下阵列的多峰特性易使传统的MPPT方法陷入局部极值,无法有效追踪最大功率。建立...传统的最大功率点跟踪(maximum power point tracking,MPPT)方法在均匀辐射条件下效率较高,但由于光伏阵列与辐射、温度之间的强非线性特性,在局部遮荫条件下阵列的多峰特性易使传统的MPPT方法陷入局部极值,无法有效追踪最大功率。建立了局部遮荫条件下的光伏阵列模型,针对局部遮荫产生的多峰情况,采用电压扫描比较的方法确定最大功率点附近的电压,并以此电压值作为变步长电导增量法的初始值进行搜索,最终确定最大功率点的位置。该方法避免了在多峰条件下最大功率点跟踪陷入局部极值,实现了有效跟踪。展开更多
文摘Grid-level large-scale electrical energy storage(GLEES) is an essential approach for balancing the supply–demand of electricity generation, distribution, and usage. Compared with conventional energy storage methods, battery technologies are desirable energy storage devices for GLEES due to their easy modularization, rapid response, flexible installation, and short construction cycles. In general, battery energy storage technologies are expected to meet the requirements of GLEES such as peak shaving and load leveling, voltage and frequency regulation, and emergency response, which are highlighted in this perspective. Furthermore, several types of battery technologies, including lead–acid, nickel–cadmium, nickel–metal hydride, sodium–sulfur, lithium-ion, and flow batteries, are discussed in detail for the application of GLEES. Moreover, some possible developing directions to facilitate efforts in this area are presented to establish a perspective on battery technology, provide a road map for guiding future studies, and promote the commercial application of batteries for GLEES.
文摘随着“十四五”新能源布局向中东部倾斜,中东部的新能源发展速度高于西部、北部地区,对受端电网新能源承载能力的研究变得越来越迫切。文中针对华东受端电网,提出了一种评估新能源承载规模上限的方法。该方法依托中国电科院研发的生产模拟软件,统筹直流规模、弃电率、交流断面限制、储能应用等因素,在满足电力电量平衡、调峰平衡等约束前提,优化求解各类电源开发规模,求得受调峰约束的新能源发展上限;依托综合仿真试验研究系统(Power system department-bonneville power administration,PSD-BPA),兼顾直流规模、直流功率敏感性,在满足单一直流功率缺额不触发低频减载、第一级安全稳定标准等约束条件,利用时序仿真法求得受频率稳定、电压稳定约束的新能源发展上限;通过比较论证,提出制约华东电网新能源规划发展的主要影响因素、承载规模和应对措施。
文摘传统的最大功率点跟踪(maximum power point tracking,MPPT)方法在均匀辐射条件下效率较高,但由于光伏阵列与辐射、温度之间的强非线性特性,在局部遮荫条件下阵列的多峰特性易使传统的MPPT方法陷入局部极值,无法有效追踪最大功率。建立了局部遮荫条件下的光伏阵列模型,针对局部遮荫产生的多峰情况,采用电压扫描比较的方法确定最大功率点附近的电压,并以此电压值作为变步长电导增量法的初始值进行搜索,最终确定最大功率点的位置。该方法避免了在多峰条件下最大功率点跟踪陷入局部极值,实现了有效跟踪。
