Distributed energy systems are considered as a promising technology for sustainable development and have become a popular research topic in the areas of building energy systems. This work presents a case study of opti...Distributed energy systems are considered as a promising technology for sustainable development and have become a popular research topic in the areas of building energy systems. This work presents a case study of optimizing an integrated distributed energy system consisting of combined heat and power(CHP), photovoltaics(PV), and electric and/or thermal energy storage for a hospital and large hotel buildings located in Texas and California. First, simulation models for all subsystems, which are developed individually, are integrated together according to a control strategy designed to satisfy both the electric and thermal energy requirements of a building. Subsequently, a multi-objective particle swarm optimization(MOPSO) is employed to obtain an optimal design of each subsystem. The objectives of the optimization are to minimize the simple payback period(PBP) and maximize the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions(RCDE). Finally, the energy performance for the selected building types and locations are analyzed after the optimization. Results indicate that the proposed optimization method could be applied to determine an optimal design of distributed energy systems, which reaches a trade-off between the economic and environmental performance for different buildings. With the presented distributed energy system, a peak shaving in electricity of about 300 kW and a reduction in boiler fuel consumption of 610 kW could be attained for the hospital building located in California for a winter day. For the summer and transition seasons, electricity peak shaving of 800 kW and 600 kW could be achieved, respectively.展开更多
分析了现行功率因数考核办法的不足之处,并提出了详细的改善方案。基于江苏省全网无功考核用户的完整统计信息,以未达标用户数和未达标无功电量为关键优化指标,权衡先进性和可行性,提出了功率因数考核指标优化提升方案;结合理论和算例分...分析了现行功率因数考核办法的不足之处,并提出了详细的改善方案。基于江苏省全网无功考核用户的完整统计信息,以未达标用户数和未达标无功电量为关键优化指标,权衡先进性和可行性,提出了功率因数考核指标优化提升方案;结合理论和算例分析,提出了按峰谷平3个时段进行无功考核的考核周期改善方案,并指出有必要将50~100 k VA用户纳入无功考核范围;详细分析了考核指标提升对电网企业和电力用户综合效益的影响,建立了无功电价对用户投资回收期的影响模型。算例结果表明,在实现综合效益合理再分配的前提下,新考核指标具备技术经济可行性。展开更多
文摘Distributed energy systems are considered as a promising technology for sustainable development and have become a popular research topic in the areas of building energy systems. This work presents a case study of optimizing an integrated distributed energy system consisting of combined heat and power(CHP), photovoltaics(PV), and electric and/or thermal energy storage for a hospital and large hotel buildings located in Texas and California. First, simulation models for all subsystems, which are developed individually, are integrated together according to a control strategy designed to satisfy both the electric and thermal energy requirements of a building. Subsequently, a multi-objective particle swarm optimization(MOPSO) is employed to obtain an optimal design of each subsystem. The objectives of the optimization are to minimize the simple payback period(PBP) and maximize the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions(RCDE). Finally, the energy performance for the selected building types and locations are analyzed after the optimization. Results indicate that the proposed optimization method could be applied to determine an optimal design of distributed energy systems, which reaches a trade-off between the economic and environmental performance for different buildings. With the presented distributed energy system, a peak shaving in electricity of about 300 kW and a reduction in boiler fuel consumption of 610 kW could be attained for the hospital building located in California for a winter day. For the summer and transition seasons, electricity peak shaving of 800 kW and 600 kW could be achieved, respectively.
文摘分析了现行功率因数考核办法的不足之处,并提出了详细的改善方案。基于江苏省全网无功考核用户的完整统计信息,以未达标用户数和未达标无功电量为关键优化指标,权衡先进性和可行性,提出了功率因数考核指标优化提升方案;结合理论和算例分析,提出了按峰谷平3个时段进行无功考核的考核周期改善方案,并指出有必要将50~100 k VA用户纳入无功考核范围;详细分析了考核指标提升对电网企业和电力用户综合效益的影响,建立了无功电价对用户投资回收期的影响模型。算例结果表明,在实现综合效益合理再分配的前提下,新考核指标具备技术经济可行性。
