Joule heating effects on a slit microcharmel filled with electrolytes are comprehensively investigated with emphasis on the thermal boundary conditions. An accurate analytical expression is proposed for the electrical...Joule heating effects on a slit microcharmel filled with electrolytes are comprehensively investigated with emphasis on the thermal boundary conditions. An accurate analytical expression is proposed for the electrical field and the temperature distributions due to Joule heating are numerically obtained from the energy balance equation. The results show that a thermal design based on the average electric potential difference between electrodes can cause severe underestimation of Joule heating. In addition, the parame- tric study of thermal boundary conditions gives us an insight into the best cooling scenario for microfluidic devices. Other significant thermal characteristics, including Nusselt number, thermophoretic force, and entropy generation, are discussed as well. This study will provide useful information for the optimization of a bioMEMS device in relation to the thermal aspect.展开更多
To avoid the old road of urban development with high consumption and high pollution,this paper took the houses in a village near Yinchuan(a typical city of Northwest China)as an exemplary project to explore the approp...To avoid the old road of urban development with high consumption and high pollution,this paper took the houses in a village near Yinchuan(a typical city of Northwest China)as an exemplary project to explore the appropriate strategies in the arid cold climate for the sustainable development in rural undeveloped areas Northwest China.Firstly,all houses were designed according to the principles of passive solar heating.Secondly,optimized biomass energy technologies such as biogas pit and straw gasification stove were utilized for cooking or heating.Last but not the least important,the ecological building materials such as earth,straw bale,fly ash were used to construct houses,which improves the indoor thermal comfort and meanwhile lowers the negative impact on the environment.Low costs,easy accessibility and habitants' inclination were taken into account in the process of design.展开更多
This paper proposes an economic optimization method with two time scales for a hybrid energy system based on the virtual storage characteristic of a thermostatically controlled load(TCL). The optimization process incl...This paper proposes an economic optimization method with two time scales for a hybrid energy system based on the virtual storage characteristic of a thermostatically controlled load(TCL). The optimization process includes two time scales in order to ensure accuracy and efficiency. Based on the forecast load and energy supply of the system, the first time scale is day-ahead economic operating optimization, carried out to determine the minimum operating cost for the whole day, and to find the period of greatest cost to which the second time scale optimization is applied. Using the virtual storage characteristic, the second time scale is short-term detailed optimization carried out for these particular hours. By dispatching thermal load in this period and adjusting energy supply accordingly, we can find the optimal economic performance, and customer requests are taken into account to ensure satisfaction. A case study in Tianjin, China illustrates the effectiveness of this method and proves that a TCL can make a great contribution to improving the economic performance of a hybrid energy system.展开更多
基金supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (Grant No.NRF-2012R1A1A1042920)
文摘Joule heating effects on a slit microcharmel filled with electrolytes are comprehensively investigated with emphasis on the thermal boundary conditions. An accurate analytical expression is proposed for the electrical field and the temperature distributions due to Joule heating are numerically obtained from the energy balance equation. The results show that a thermal design based on the average electric potential difference between electrodes can cause severe underestimation of Joule heating. In addition, the parame- tric study of thermal boundary conditions gives us an insight into the best cooling scenario for microfluidic devices. Other significant thermal characteristics, including Nusselt number, thermophoretic force, and entropy generation, are discussed as well. This study will provide useful information for the optimization of a bioMEMS device in relation to the thermal aspect.
基金Supported by National Key Technology R&D Programin the 11th Five Year Plan of China(2006BAJ04A18)
文摘To avoid the old road of urban development with high consumption and high pollution,this paper took the houses in a village near Yinchuan(a typical city of Northwest China)as an exemplary project to explore the appropriate strategies in the arid cold climate for the sustainable development in rural undeveloped areas Northwest China.Firstly,all houses were designed according to the principles of passive solar heating.Secondly,optimized biomass energy technologies such as biogas pit and straw gasification stove were utilized for cooking or heating.Last but not the least important,the ecological building materials such as earth,straw bale,fly ash were used to construct houses,which improves the indoor thermal comfort and meanwhile lowers the negative impact on the environment.Low costs,easy accessibility and habitants' inclination were taken into account in the process of design.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program(863 Program)of China(No.2015AA050403)
文摘This paper proposes an economic optimization method with two time scales for a hybrid energy system based on the virtual storage characteristic of a thermostatically controlled load(TCL). The optimization process includes two time scales in order to ensure accuracy and efficiency. Based on the forecast load and energy supply of the system, the first time scale is day-ahead economic operating optimization, carried out to determine the minimum operating cost for the whole day, and to find the period of greatest cost to which the second time scale optimization is applied. Using the virtual storage characteristic, the second time scale is short-term detailed optimization carried out for these particular hours. By dispatching thermal load in this period and adjusting energy supply accordingly, we can find the optimal economic performance, and customer requests are taken into account to ensure satisfaction. A case study in Tianjin, China illustrates the effectiveness of this method and proves that a TCL can make a great contribution to improving the economic performance of a hybrid energy system.
