Psychological depression is drawing accumulating attention nowadays, due to the skyrocketing incidence worldwide and the enormous burdens it incurs. Physical exercise has been long recog- nized for its therapeutic eff...Psychological depression is drawing accumulating attention nowadays, due to the skyrocketing incidence worldwide and the enormous burdens it incurs. Physical exercise has been long recog- nized for its therapeutic effects on depressive disorders, although knowledge of the underlying mechanisms remains limited. Suppressed hippocampal neurogenesis in adult brains has been regarded, at least partly, contributive to depression, whereas physical exercise that restores neuro- genesis accordingly exerts the anti-depressive action. Several recent publications have suggested the potential role of adiponectin, a protein hormone secreted by peripheral mature adipocytes, in mediating physical exercise-triggered enhancement of hippocampal neurogenesis and alleviation of depression. Here, we briefly review these novel findings and discuss the possibility of counter- acting depression by modulating adiponectin signaling in the hippocampus with interventions including physical exercise and administration of pharmacological agents.展开更多
Within the CNS nuclear factor-kappa B（NF-κB） transcription factors are involved in a wide range of functions both in homeostasis and in pathology.Over the years,our and other groups produced a vast array of informa...Within the CNS nuclear factor-kappa B（NF-κB） transcription factors are involved in a wide range of functions both in homeostasis and in pathology.Over the years,our and other groups produced a vast array of information on the complex involvement of NF-κB proteins in different aspects of postnatal neurogenesis In particular,several extracellular signals and membrane receptors have been identified as being able to affect neural progenitor cells（NPC） and their progeny via NF-κB activation.A crucial role in the regulation of neuronal fate specification in adult hippocampal NPC is played by the NF-κB p50 subunit.NF-κB p50 KO mice display a remarkable reduction in adult hippocampal neurogenesis which correlates with a selective defect in hippocampal-dependent short-term memory.Moreover absence of NF-κB p50 can profoundly affect the in vitro proneurogenic response of adult hippocampal NPC（ahN PC） to several endogenous signals and drugs.Herein we briefly review the current knowledge on the pivotal role of NF-κB p50 in the regulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis.In addition we discuss more recent data that further extend the relevance of NF-κB p50 to novel astroglia-derived signals which can influence neuronal specification of ahN PC and to astrocyte-NPC cross-talk.展开更多
基金supported by Hong Kong Health and Medical Research FundLeading Talents of Guangdong(2013)+3 种基金Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(B14036)Project of International,as well as Hong Kong,Macao&Taiwan Science and Technology Cooperation Innovation Platform in Universities in Guangdong Province,China(2013gjhz0002)grants to Jinan University Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Cooperation and Innovation Center for Tissue Regeneration and RepairState Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology,Hong Kong SAR,China
文摘Psychological depression is drawing accumulating attention nowadays, due to the skyrocketing incidence worldwide and the enormous burdens it incurs. Physical exercise has been long recog- nized for its therapeutic effects on depressive disorders, although knowledge of the underlying mechanisms remains limited. Suppressed hippocampal neurogenesis in adult brains has been regarded, at least partly, contributive to depression, whereas physical exercise that restores neuro- genesis accordingly exerts the anti-depressive action. Several recent publications have suggested the potential role of adiponectin, a protein hormone secreted by peripheral mature adipocytes, in mediating physical exercise-triggered enhancement of hippocampal neurogenesis and alleviation of depression. Here, we briefly review these novel findings and discuss the possibility of counter- acting depression by modulating adiponectin signaling in the hippocampus with interventions including physical exercise and administration of pharmacological agents.
基金supported by a grant from Fondazi one Cariplo to MG
文摘Within the CNS nuclear factor-kappa B（NF-κB） transcription factors are involved in a wide range of functions both in homeostasis and in pathology.Over the years,our and other groups produced a vast array of information on the complex involvement of NF-κB proteins in different aspects of postnatal neurogenesis In particular,several extracellular signals and membrane receptors have been identified as being able to affect neural progenitor cells（NPC） and their progeny via NF-κB activation.A crucial role in the regulation of neuronal fate specification in adult hippocampal NPC is played by the NF-κB p50 subunit.NF-κB p50 KO mice display a remarkable reduction in adult hippocampal neurogenesis which correlates with a selective defect in hippocampal-dependent short-term memory.Moreover absence of NF-κB p50 can profoundly affect the in vitro proneurogenic response of adult hippocampal NPC（ahN PC） to several endogenous signals and drugs.Herein we briefly review the current knowledge on the pivotal role of NF-κB p50 in the regulation of adult hippocampal neurogenesis.In addition we discuss more recent data that further extend the relevance of NF-κB p50 to novel astroglia-derived signals which can influence neuronal specification of ahN PC and to astrocyte-NPC cross-talk.
