The Late Quaternary slip rate along the Maqu segment of the eastern Kunlun Fault was estimated using a combination of high-resolution remote sensing imagery interpretation, field observations and differential Global P...The Late Quaternary slip rate along the Maqu segment of the eastern Kunlun Fault was estimated using a combination of high-resolution remote sensing imagery interpretation, field observations and differential Global Positioning System（GPS） measurements of offset river terraces, and 14 C dating of snail shells collected from offset risers. The results show that the left-slip rate along the segment is 3–5 mm/a, and that the vertical slip rate is 0.3–0.5 mm/a. Both the horizontal and vertical slips on the segment remain consistent over a distance of ~100 km. It means that no slip gradient as previously suggested occurred along the Maqu segment, and which thus might behave as an independent seismogenic fault. Judging from multiple relationships among young terrace offsets, we infer that co-seismic surface rupture produced by a characteristic earthquake with a magnitude of Ms7.0–7.5 on the Maqu fault could generate a horizontal slip of 4.5–5 m and a vertical slip of 0.45–0.5 m, with a corresponding ratio（Dh/Dv） of about 9. Two surface rupture events must have occurred over the past 3300 years, the latest one possibly between 1485 cal BP and 1730 cal BP.展开更多
鲜水河-小江左旋走滑断裂系是调节青藏高原东南部物质向东南挤出的大型边界断裂。云南巧家断裂作为小江断裂带北段,其晚第四纪走滑速率是认识川滇地块东部边界应变调节方式的关键。本文利用无人机航摄和地面激光扫描技术,获取了该断裂...鲜水河-小江左旋走滑断裂系是调节青藏高原东南部物质向东南挤出的大型边界断裂。云南巧家断裂作为小江断裂带北段,其晚第四纪走滑速率是认识川滇地块东部边界应变调节方式的关键。本文利用无人机航摄和地面激光扫描技术,获取了该断裂段穿过金沙江河谷区红路和蒙姑两处的高分辨率地形数据,恢复出断层错动T2和T3两期阶地陡坎上缘的左旋位错量分别为120±5~128±1 m和193±1~202±1 m。根据T3中次生碳酸盐的AMS-14C法测年结果,结合已有的类似阶地年龄数据,并经气候曲线校正后认为,区域上T2和T3被废弃应分别发生在冰后期和末次盛冰期末期,时间为8.5~11.2 ka BP和18.6~21.4 ka BP。据此估算,小江断裂带巧家段的晚第四纪平均走滑速率为10~13 mm/a。进一步统计分析小江断裂带的晚第四纪走滑速率,发现巧家至宜良以北的段落,总体保持着10~15 mm/a的高走滑速率。但从宜良向南,断裂走滑速率出现了分段递减的特征,至建水以南快速减小到中-北段的近十分之一。小江断裂带中-北段的高走滑速率以及向南的分段式递减现象,反映在宜良以北,小江断裂带的走滑剪切作用是调节川滇地块向东南旋转-挤出运动的主要方式,但向南伴随变形分解作用,调节方式转变为了伸展、旋转和逆冲等多种方式共存的复杂形式。因此,进一步精细化定量限定川滇地块东部边界断裂的应变分解作用,是深入认识青藏高原物质挤出方式及其机制的关键。展开更多
基金support of the Natural Science Foundation of China(41472178)the China Geological Survey projects(1212011120167,12120114002211)
文摘The Late Quaternary slip rate along the Maqu segment of the eastern Kunlun Fault was estimated using a combination of high-resolution remote sensing imagery interpretation, field observations and differential Global Positioning System（GPS） measurements of offset river terraces, and 14 C dating of snail shells collected from offset risers. The results show that the left-slip rate along the segment is 3–5 mm/a, and that the vertical slip rate is 0.3–0.5 mm/a. Both the horizontal and vertical slips on the segment remain consistent over a distance of ~100 km. It means that no slip gradient as previously suggested occurred along the Maqu segment, and which thus might behave as an independent seismogenic fault. Judging from multiple relationships among young terrace offsets, we infer that co-seismic surface rupture produced by a characteristic earthquake with a magnitude of Ms7.0–7.5 on the Maqu fault could generate a horizontal slip of 4.5–5 m and a vertical slip of 0.45–0.5 m, with a corresponding ratio（Dh/Dv） of about 9. Two surface rupture events must have occurred over the past 3300 years, the latest one possibly between 1485 cal BP and 1730 cal BP.
文摘鲜水河-小江左旋走滑断裂系是调节青藏高原东南部物质向东南挤出的大型边界断裂。云南巧家断裂作为小江断裂带北段,其晚第四纪走滑速率是认识川滇地块东部边界应变调节方式的关键。本文利用无人机航摄和地面激光扫描技术,获取了该断裂段穿过金沙江河谷区红路和蒙姑两处的高分辨率地形数据,恢复出断层错动T2和T3两期阶地陡坎上缘的左旋位错量分别为120±5~128±1 m和193±1~202±1 m。根据T3中次生碳酸盐的AMS-14C法测年结果,结合已有的类似阶地年龄数据,并经气候曲线校正后认为,区域上T2和T3被废弃应分别发生在冰后期和末次盛冰期末期,时间为8.5~11.2 ka BP和18.6~21.4 ka BP。据此估算,小江断裂带巧家段的晚第四纪平均走滑速率为10~13 mm/a。进一步统计分析小江断裂带的晚第四纪走滑速率,发现巧家至宜良以北的段落,总体保持着10~15 mm/a的高走滑速率。但从宜良向南,断裂走滑速率出现了分段递减的特征,至建水以南快速减小到中-北段的近十分之一。小江断裂带中-北段的高走滑速率以及向南的分段式递减现象,反映在宜良以北,小江断裂带的走滑剪切作用是调节川滇地块向东南旋转-挤出运动的主要方式,但向南伴随变形分解作用,调节方式转变为了伸展、旋转和逆冲等多种方式共存的复杂形式。因此,进一步精细化定量限定川滇地块东部边界断裂的应变分解作用,是深入认识青藏高原物质挤出方式及其机制的关键。
