This paper examines the role of sexual violence in Ian McEwan’s novel The Innocent and its relationship to the author’s examination of the boundary between the political and the personal. Contextualizing the protago...This paper examines the role of sexual violence in Ian McEwan’s novel The Innocent and its relationship to the author’s examination of the boundary between the political and the personal. Contextualizing the protagonist Leonard Marnham’s violence against the heat of the geopolitical struggles of the Cold War, this study traces his transformation from an innocent technician to a violent agent of political and sexual aggression, and reads his attempted rape of his German lover, Maria, as a nexus between personal relationships and geopolitical struggles. It highlights how Leonard’s violence is a reflection of and at the same time a product of the postwar political landscape. By drawing on the body politic of sexual violence, it analyzes the feminized representation of Leonard, arguing that Leonard is both a perpetrator as well as a victim of the postwar political struggles. Hence the conclusion that sexual violence is employed by the author as a trope to dramatize the invasion of the political onto the personal, and the novel is a political novel that illustrates how the entanglement of international politics and private life can lead to a profound distortion of personal relationships, where the dynamics of power, dominance, and submission that define the public sphere can seep into and corrupt even the most intimate aspect of human interaction.展开更多
The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber is a quintessential Hemingway tale of one man's attempt to overcome an in ternal struggle by mastering the external world. Francis Macomber discovers his own bravery and st...The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber is a quintessential Hemingway tale of one man's attempt to overcome an in ternal struggle by mastering the external world. Francis Macomber discovers his own bravery and strength when he ignores his self-consciousness and relies on instinct. This essay will examine Hemingway's code and how it confronts nada thus analyze Macomber's change from innocent to suffering to aware.展开更多
<strong>Introduction:</strong> Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is defined as a complete and persistent cessation of the transit of materials and gases. It occurs in a segment of the digestive tract located b...<strong>Introduction:</strong> Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is defined as a complete and persistent cessation of the transit of materials and gases. It occurs in a segment of the digestive tract located between the pylorus and the colorectal junction. Herein, we report a case of small bowel obstruction (SBO) following excessive consumption of wild grapes with no previous abdomen medical or surgical history. <strong>Presentation of case:</strong> A 65-year-old male farmer presented with cessation of materials and gas associated with vomiting of food and then bilious. The abdomen was bloated and painful on palpation with a moving, painful mass in the left iliac fossa. The hypothesis of acute occlusion of the colon was retained and confirmed on the X-Ray which showed a dilation of small bowel with air-fluid levels. The diagnostic of acute SBO was retained. We performed urgently a median laparotomy. We found the dilation of the loops from the jejunum to the sigmoid colon with a compact mass at the sigmoid colon of 15 cm in length and 6 cm in diameter. We proceeded to crush the mass that was made up with wild grape seed fecal, and push it back to the rectum. The phytobezoar made up with wild grape seeds was extracted through the anus with the fingers after anal dilation. After extraction of the bezoar, the patient’s complaints completely subsided. <strong>Discussion:</strong> SBO is a frequent emergency surgical pathology. SBO induced by phytobezoar often occurs in patients with abdomen surgery history. However, it is particularly rare in virgin abdomen. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> This case report aims to raise awareness of phytobezoar as a cause of SBO in elderly even though without abdomen surgery history.展开更多
William Blake can be said to be one of the best representatives of the romantic poets, whose masterpieces The Song of Innocence, and The Song of Experience, mark the inside maturity of the poet who view the world from...William Blake can be said to be one of the best representatives of the romantic poets, whose masterpieces The Song of Innocence, and The Song of Experience, mark the inside maturity of the poet who view the world from"innocent child's eye"from an"experienced adult's view". From such perspective, the thesis will illustrate the poet's maturity through analyzing his typical poems to have a better understanding of his time and the poet himself.展开更多
Snowdrops is a tale of an Englishman abroad. Nick is a thirty-something lawyer working in Moscow to broker huge deals between banks, oil companies and property developers. His project on a major loan to a subsidiary o...Snowdrops is a tale of an Englishman abroad. Nick is a thirty-something lawyer working in Moscow to broker huge deals between banks, oil companies and property developers. His project on a major loan to a subsidiary of an energy company is underway, and meanwhile, he comes across an enchanting girl, Masha and soon becomes involved with Masha's world, psychologically. This thesis tries to analyze the tension of the conflict between the corrupted native and the nave foreigner, and the sophisticated disposition of the narrator and the other innocent part. And thorough analyzing the tension reflected from other characters, the reason for Nick's tragedy is revealed.展开更多
To explore the rate and influencing factors of unmet need for postpartum family planning(PPFP)in China.We conducted a retrospective cohort study at 60 hospitals in 15 provinces that were in eastern,central,and western...To explore the rate and influencing factors of unmet need for postpartum family planning(PPFP)in China.We conducted a retrospective cohort study at 60 hospitals in 15 provinces that were in eastern,central,and western regions of China.Participants were women who delivered a live birth at the study sites with an interval of 13 to 24 months between delivery and interviews.We selected participants using cluster randomization approach,and the first 300 postpartum women who gave a birth at each study hospital after the initial month that had been selected were interviewed.Information on the women’s background characteristics,pregnancy history,time when menstruation and sexual activity resumed after childbirth,the adoption of contraceptive method,breastfeeding,and any pregnancy or pregnancy outcome after delivery were collected.We performed life-table analysis to estimate the rate of unmet need for PPFP and a 2-level logistic regression model to explore factors that influence unmet need for PPFP within the first 24 months postpartum.A total,19,939 postpartum women were screened in this study,of which,17,466(87.6%)were eligible for this analysis.The rates of unmet needs for any FP methods were 23.9%(95%confidence interval[CI]23.3-24.6%),11.8%(95%CI 11.3-12.3%);10.6%(95%CI 10.1-11.1%)at 6,12,and 24 months postpartum;these rates for modern FP methods were 35.5%(95%CI 34.7-36.2%),25.6%(95%CI 24.9-26.2%),and 24.6%(95%CI 23.9-25.2%),respectively.Results of 2-level logistic regression analysis showed that less-educated young women,those who had only one child or delivered by vaginal delivery at secondary hospitals,were associated with increased risk of unmet need for PPFP.Approximately 31%of women who had unmet need for PPFP reported a pregnancy during the first 24 months postpartum,which was significantly higher than the level for their counterparts(10.0%).The level of unmet need for PPFP in China was high,resulting in a high pregnancy rate within 24 months after delivery.Women’s age,education level,prior pregnancy and a展开更多
基金supported by Guangdong Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Studies under Grant GD23WZXC01-16.
文摘This paper examines the role of sexual violence in Ian McEwan’s novel The Innocent and its relationship to the author’s examination of the boundary between the political and the personal. Contextualizing the protagonist Leonard Marnham’s violence against the heat of the geopolitical struggles of the Cold War, this study traces his transformation from an innocent technician to a violent agent of political and sexual aggression, and reads his attempted rape of his German lover, Maria, as a nexus between personal relationships and geopolitical struggles. It highlights how Leonard’s violence is a reflection of and at the same time a product of the postwar political landscape. By drawing on the body politic of sexual violence, it analyzes the feminized representation of Leonard, arguing that Leonard is both a perpetrator as well as a victim of the postwar political struggles. Hence the conclusion that sexual violence is employed by the author as a trope to dramatize the invasion of the political onto the personal, and the novel is a political novel that illustrates how the entanglement of international politics and private life can lead to a profound distortion of personal relationships, where the dynamics of power, dominance, and submission that define the public sphere can seep into and corrupt even the most intimate aspect of human interaction.
文摘The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber is a quintessential Hemingway tale of one man's attempt to overcome an in ternal struggle by mastering the external world. Francis Macomber discovers his own bravery and strength when he ignores his self-consciousness and relies on instinct. This essay will examine Hemingway's code and how it confronts nada thus analyze Macomber's change from innocent to suffering to aware.
文摘<strong>Introduction:</strong> Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is defined as a complete and persistent cessation of the transit of materials and gases. It occurs in a segment of the digestive tract located between the pylorus and the colorectal junction. Herein, we report a case of small bowel obstruction (SBO) following excessive consumption of wild grapes with no previous abdomen medical or surgical history. <strong>Presentation of case:</strong> A 65-year-old male farmer presented with cessation of materials and gas associated with vomiting of food and then bilious. The abdomen was bloated and painful on palpation with a moving, painful mass in the left iliac fossa. The hypothesis of acute occlusion of the colon was retained and confirmed on the X-Ray which showed a dilation of small bowel with air-fluid levels. The diagnostic of acute SBO was retained. We performed urgently a median laparotomy. We found the dilation of the loops from the jejunum to the sigmoid colon with a compact mass at the sigmoid colon of 15 cm in length and 6 cm in diameter. We proceeded to crush the mass that was made up with wild grape seed fecal, and push it back to the rectum. The phytobezoar made up with wild grape seeds was extracted through the anus with the fingers after anal dilation. After extraction of the bezoar, the patient’s complaints completely subsided. <strong>Discussion:</strong> SBO is a frequent emergency surgical pathology. SBO induced by phytobezoar often occurs in patients with abdomen surgery history. However, it is particularly rare in virgin abdomen. <strong>Conclusion:</strong> This case report aims to raise awareness of phytobezoar as a cause of SBO in elderly even though without abdomen surgery history.
文摘William Blake can be said to be one of the best representatives of the romantic poets, whose masterpieces The Song of Innocence, and The Song of Experience, mark the inside maturity of the poet who view the world from"innocent child's eye"from an"experienced adult's view". From such perspective, the thesis will illustrate the poet's maturity through analyzing his typical poems to have a better understanding of his time and the poet himself.
文摘Snowdrops is a tale of an Englishman abroad. Nick is a thirty-something lawyer working in Moscow to broker huge deals between banks, oil companies and property developers. His project on a major loan to a subsidiary of an energy company is underway, and meanwhile, he comes across an enchanting girl, Masha and soon becomes involved with Masha's world, psychologically. This thesis tries to analyze the tension of the conflict between the corrupted native and the nave foreigner, and the sophisticated disposition of the narrator and the other innocent part. And thorough analyzing the tension reflected from other characters, the reason for Nick's tragedy is revealed.
文摘To explore the rate and influencing factors of unmet need for postpartum family planning(PPFP)in China.We conducted a retrospective cohort study at 60 hospitals in 15 provinces that were in eastern,central,and western regions of China.Participants were women who delivered a live birth at the study sites with an interval of 13 to 24 months between delivery and interviews.We selected participants using cluster randomization approach,and the first 300 postpartum women who gave a birth at each study hospital after the initial month that had been selected were interviewed.Information on the women’s background characteristics,pregnancy history,time when menstruation and sexual activity resumed after childbirth,the adoption of contraceptive method,breastfeeding,and any pregnancy or pregnancy outcome after delivery were collected.We performed life-table analysis to estimate the rate of unmet need for PPFP and a 2-level logistic regression model to explore factors that influence unmet need for PPFP within the first 24 months postpartum.A total,19,939 postpartum women were screened in this study,of which,17,466(87.6%)were eligible for this analysis.The rates of unmet needs for any FP methods were 23.9%(95%confidence interval[CI]23.3-24.6%),11.8%(95%CI 11.3-12.3%);10.6%(95%CI 10.1-11.1%)at 6,12,and 24 months postpartum;these rates for modern FP methods were 35.5%(95%CI 34.7-36.2%),25.6%(95%CI 24.9-26.2%),and 24.6%(95%CI 23.9-25.2%),respectively.Results of 2-level logistic regression analysis showed that less-educated young women,those who had only one child or delivered by vaginal delivery at secondary hospitals,were associated with increased risk of unmet need for PPFP.Approximately 31%of women who had unmet need for PPFP reported a pregnancy during the first 24 months postpartum,which was significantly higher than the level for their counterparts(10.0%).The level of unmet need for PPFP in China was high,resulting in a high pregnancy rate within 24 months after delivery.Women’s age,education level,prior pregnancy and a
