提出了一种基于冷热电联供系统（combined cooling heating and power system,CCHP）耦合的电力、天然气区域综合能源系统（integrated community energy system,ICES）优化规划模型,考虑配电线路、燃气管道的规划和运行,用CCHP作为电...提出了一种基于冷热电联供系统（combined cooling heating and power system,CCHP）耦合的电力、天然气区域综合能源系统（integrated community energy system,ICES）优化规划模型,考虑配电线路、燃气管道的规划和运行,用CCHP作为电—气耦合枢纽,以ICES总投资、运行成本最低为优化目标,进行多阶段规划和多场景分析。通过算例仿真,得到了配电线路、燃气管道的扩容和新建方案以及CCHP的选址定容方案,验证了模型的合理性;相比于传统分供系统（separation production,SP）,采用CCHP作为耦合枢纽的优化模型具有更高的经济性;同时分析了电价、天然气价格对CCHP系统购电量、购气量的影响。展开更多
In this work we present an experimental and theoretical study on the formation of ethane and acetylene from solid methane condensed at 20 K and irradiated with a 500 - 3000 eV electron beam. The experiments were monit...In this work we present an experimental and theoretical study on the formation of ethane and acetylene from solid methane condensed at 20 K and irradiated with a 500 - 3000 eV electron beam. The experiments were monitored with Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy. We observe that the electron irradiation induced a dehydrogenation of methane and a consequent formation of CHx (x = 1, 2, 3) fragments. Furthermore, in the solid during irradiation, a simple recombinetion reaction in the solid between two adjacent CHx molecules may form HC≡CH, H2C=CH2, and H3C-CH3 with a triple, double, and single carbon-carbon bond, respectively. The formed amount of ethane and acetylene increases with irradiation time and reaches a saturation value.展开更多
Many properties of planets such as their interior structure and thermal evolution depend on the high-pressure properties of their constituent materials. This paper reviews how crystal structure prediction methodology ...Many properties of planets such as their interior structure and thermal evolution depend on the high-pressure properties of their constituent materials. This paper reviews how crystal structure prediction methodology can help shed light on the transformations materials undergo at the extreme conditions inside planets. The discussion focuses on three areas:(i) the propensity of iron to form compounds with volatile elements at planetary core conditions(important to understand the chemical makeup of Earth's inner core),(ii) the chemistry of mixtures of planetary ices(relevant for the mantle regions of giant icy planets), and(iii) examples of mantle minerals. In all cases the abilities and current limitations of crystal structure prediction are discussed across a range of example studies.展开更多
国际海洋勘测理事会(The International Council for the Exploration of the Sea,ICES)于2009年4月27～30日在葡萄牙亚速尔群岛奥尔塔召开深海问题专题会议,会议主题为"深海前沿问题:经济、科技、治理的挑战,以及深海活动的机遇&q...国际海洋勘测理事会(The International Council for the Exploration of the Sea,ICES)于2009年4月27～30日在葡萄牙亚速尔群岛奥尔塔召开深海问题专题会议,会议主题为"深海前沿问题:经济、科技、治理的挑战,以及深海活动的机遇"。有100多位来自理事会成员国的专家参与论文演讲或展示。会议研讨内容涵盖深海问题的治理与法律问题思考,深海能源矿产勘测与气候变化、海洋酸化,深海技术与生物技术研究,深海渔业与生态可持续性及保护,深海科学国际化,海洋脆弱及生态敏感区等专题。本会议综述主要侧重深海经济与资源问题进行概括介绍。展开更多
区域综合能源系统(integrated community energy system,ICES)可以充分利用可再生能源、提高综合系统能源利用效率。该文专注于ICES优化调度问题。首先建立了以电为核心的综合能源系统优化调度模型,优化目标包括经济性和环保性最优准则...区域综合能源系统(integrated community energy system,ICES)可以充分利用可再生能源、提高综合系统能源利用效率。该文专注于ICES优化调度问题。首先建立了以电为核心的综合能源系统优化调度模型,优化目标包括经济性和环保性最优准则,基于可再生能源技术、节能技术以及电能替代技术的典型设备模型,分别在采暖期和空调期建立了系统运行约束模型,以及电和冷/热负荷供需平衡约束模型;采用具有良好全局搜索能力的粒子群算法(particle sw arm optimization,PSO)作为调度模型求解算法。通过具体算例,验证本模型和算法,可得到经济性和环保性目标下的综合能源系统优化调度方案,同时分析了不同目标下调度方案存在统一和矛盾的原因。展开更多
文摘提出了一种基于冷热电联供系统（combined cooling heating and power system,CCHP）耦合的电力、天然气区域综合能源系统（integrated community energy system,ICES）优化规划模型,考虑配电线路、燃气管道的规划和运行,用CCHP作为电—气耦合枢纽,以ICES总投资、运行成本最低为优化目标,进行多阶段规划和多场景分析。通过算例仿真,得到了配电线路、燃气管道的扩容和新建方案以及CCHP的选址定容方案,验证了模型的合理性;相比于传统分供系统（separation production,SP）,采用CCHP作为耦合枢纽的优化模型具有更高的经济性;同时分析了电价、天然气价格对CCHP系统购电量、购气量的影响。
文摘In this work we present an experimental and theoretical study on the formation of ethane and acetylene from solid methane condensed at 20 K and irradiated with a 500 - 3000 eV electron beam. The experiments were monitored with Thermal Desorption Spectroscopy. We observe that the electron irradiation induced a dehydrogenation of methane and a consequent formation of CHx (x = 1, 2, 3) fragments. Furthermore, in the solid during irradiation, a simple recombinetion reaction in the solid between two adjacent CHx molecules may form HC≡CH, H2C=CH2, and H3C-CH3 with a triple, double, and single carbon-carbon bond, respectively. The formed amount of ethane and acetylene increases with irradiation time and reaches a saturation value.
基金A Research Fellowship for International Young Scientists by the National Natural Science Foundation (NNSF) on “In-silico studies of planetary materials” Computing resources provided by the UK national high performance computing service, ARCHER, and the UK Materials and Molecular Modelling Hub, which is partially funded by EPSRC (EP/P020194)for which access was obtained via the UKCP consortium funded by EPSRC grant No. EP/P022561/1
文摘Many properties of planets such as their interior structure and thermal evolution depend on the high-pressure properties of their constituent materials. This paper reviews how crystal structure prediction methodology can help shed light on the transformations materials undergo at the extreme conditions inside planets. The discussion focuses on three areas:(i) the propensity of iron to form compounds with volatile elements at planetary core conditions(important to understand the chemical makeup of Earth's inner core),(ii) the chemistry of mixtures of planetary ices(relevant for the mantle regions of giant icy planets), and(iii) examples of mantle minerals. In all cases the abilities and current limitations of crystal structure prediction are discussed across a range of example studies.
文摘国际海洋勘测理事会(The International Council for the Exploration of the Sea,ICES)于2009年4月27～30日在葡萄牙亚速尔群岛奥尔塔召开深海问题专题会议,会议主题为"深海前沿问题:经济、科技、治理的挑战,以及深海活动的机遇"。有100多位来自理事会成员国的专家参与论文演讲或展示。会议研讨内容涵盖深海问题的治理与法律问题思考,深海能源矿产勘测与气候变化、海洋酸化,深海技术与生物技术研究,深海渔业与生态可持续性及保护,深海科学国际化,海洋脆弱及生态敏感区等专题。本会议综述主要侧重深海经济与资源问题进行概括介绍。
文摘区域综合能源系统(integrated community energy system,ICES)可以充分利用可再生能源、提高综合系统能源利用效率。该文专注于ICES优化调度问题。首先建立了以电为核心的综合能源系统优化调度模型,优化目标包括经济性和环保性最优准则,基于可再生能源技术、节能技术以及电能替代技术的典型设备模型,分别在采暖期和空调期建立了系统运行约束模型,以及电和冷/热负荷供需平衡约束模型;采用具有良好全局搜索能力的粒子群算法(particle sw arm optimization,PSO)作为调度模型求解算法。通过具体算例,验证本模型和算法,可得到经济性和环保性目标下的综合能源系统优化调度方案,同时分析了不同目标下调度方案存在统一和矛盾的原因。
