Our trial was conducted to study the effects of formic acid(FA) and potassium di-formate(KDF) in broiler ration on performance, carcass traits, blood biochemical, intestinal microbial load, histological picture of int...Our trial was conducted to study the effects of formic acid(FA) and potassium di-formate(KDF) in broiler ration on performance, carcass traits, blood biochemical, intestinal microbial load, histological picture of intestine and immune parameters of broilers. In this study 360 one-day-old broiler chicks were divided to 3 groups with 3 replicates of 40 chicks each. The trial continued for 35 days. The control group was fed only basal diet(G1). Group 2(G2) were fed basal diet supplemented with FA(5 g/kg diet), and group 3(G3) received basal diet supplemented with KDF(5 g/kg diet). The results showed that both FA and KDF significantly increased body weight gain(BWG), dressing percentage of broilers and significantly decreased feed conversion ratio(FCR)(P < 0.05). The highest percent of breast and thigh was observed in G3. The improvement in villus height was observed in G2 and G3 compared with the control one, and the highest was in G3. The results evidence that the using of FA or KDF in broiler feeds have significant effects on performance, immune parameters, and gut health without having any significant effects on blood biochemical. However, KDF is more effective than FA as little amount of FA reaches the small intestine due to metabolism and absorption, whereas KDF permits a proportion of FA to pass through the fore-gut intact and enter the small intestinal tract. In addition, FA has a strong odor and corrosiveness to gastrointestinal tract which limits its use.展开更多
为实现植物群生长参数在线无损检测,采用机器视觉技术捕获植物群冠层图像,通过RGB空间超绿色-超红色指标(excess green minus excess red,ExG-ExR)、超绿色指标(excess green,ExG)和归一化差异指标(normalized difference indices,NDI)...为实现植物群生长参数在线无损检测,采用机器视觉技术捕获植物群冠层图像,通过RGB空间超绿色-超红色指标(excess green minus excess red,ExG-ExR)、超绿色指标(excess green,ExG)和归一化差异指标(normalized difference indices,NDI)3种指标分割植物群冠层图像,提取植物群图像特征参数:覆盖率、冠层幅长和冠层幅宽,并结合人工测量植物群体参数:茎秆高度、茎直径、叶面数量、坐果数量和叶面指数(leaf area index,LAI)(拟合值),建立植物群5个生长参数的5种反演模型分别为覆盖率反演模型、冠层幅宽反演模型、冠层幅长反演模型、回归方程反演模型和均值反演模型。结果表明:采用ExG-ExR分割的植物群冠层区域与人工提取区域重合度大于99.5%,识别率大于98.2%,分割性能优于ExG+Otsu和NDI+Otsu分割方法。采用120幅反演模型验证图验证反演模型性能,结果表明植物群冠层覆盖率反演模型反演5个植物群生长参数时,其反演值与测量值间相关性决定系数大于0.958,性能优于冠层幅宽和幅长反演模型,而回归方程和均值反演模型在反演植物群5个生长参数时,都仅有2个参数反演性能优于覆盖率反演模型。茎秆高度、叶面数量、茎直径、坐果数量和LAI的反演模型反演值与测量值间线性相关决定系数最高分别为0.979、0.976、0.979、0.965和0.973,标准误差(standard error,SE)分别为10.55 cm、1.37、0.213 mm、0.672和0.055,其对应的反演模型分别为均值反演模型、覆盖率反演模型、覆盖率反演模型、覆盖率反演模型和均值反演模型。通过机器视觉技术及反演模型能够在线无损准确反演植物群生长参数,为温室环境调控及精准肥水一体灌溉控制系统提供具有代表性意义的决策依据。展开更多
基金support of Dr. Azza M. Kamal, Biochemistry Dept, Animal Health Research Institute, Dokki 12618, Giza, Egypt
文摘Our trial was conducted to study the effects of formic acid(FA) and potassium di-formate(KDF) in broiler ration on performance, carcass traits, blood biochemical, intestinal microbial load, histological picture of intestine and immune parameters of broilers. In this study 360 one-day-old broiler chicks were divided to 3 groups with 3 replicates of 40 chicks each. The trial continued for 35 days. The control group was fed only basal diet(G1). Group 2(G2) were fed basal diet supplemented with FA(5 g/kg diet), and group 3(G3) received basal diet supplemented with KDF(5 g/kg diet). The results showed that both FA and KDF significantly increased body weight gain(BWG), dressing percentage of broilers and significantly decreased feed conversion ratio(FCR)(P < 0.05). The highest percent of breast and thigh was observed in G3. The improvement in villus height was observed in G2 and G3 compared with the control one, and the highest was in G3. The results evidence that the using of FA or KDF in broiler feeds have significant effects on performance, immune parameters, and gut health without having any significant effects on blood biochemical. However, KDF is more effective than FA as little amount of FA reaches the small intestine due to metabolism and absorption, whereas KDF permits a proportion of FA to pass through the fore-gut intact and enter the small intestinal tract. In addition, FA has a strong odor and corrosiveness to gastrointestinal tract which limits its use.
文摘为实现植物群生长参数在线无损检测,采用机器视觉技术捕获植物群冠层图像,通过RGB空间超绿色-超红色指标(excess green minus excess red,ExG-ExR)、超绿色指标(excess green,ExG)和归一化差异指标(normalized difference indices,NDI)3种指标分割植物群冠层图像,提取植物群图像特征参数:覆盖率、冠层幅长和冠层幅宽,并结合人工测量植物群体参数:茎秆高度、茎直径、叶面数量、坐果数量和叶面指数(leaf area index,LAI)(拟合值),建立植物群5个生长参数的5种反演模型分别为覆盖率反演模型、冠层幅宽反演模型、冠层幅长反演模型、回归方程反演模型和均值反演模型。结果表明:采用ExG-ExR分割的植物群冠层区域与人工提取区域重合度大于99.5%,识别率大于98.2%,分割性能优于ExG+Otsu和NDI+Otsu分割方法。采用120幅反演模型验证图验证反演模型性能,结果表明植物群冠层覆盖率反演模型反演5个植物群生长参数时,其反演值与测量值间相关性决定系数大于0.958,性能优于冠层幅宽和幅长反演模型,而回归方程和均值反演模型在反演植物群5个生长参数时,都仅有2个参数反演性能优于覆盖率反演模型。茎秆高度、叶面数量、茎直径、坐果数量和LAI的反演模型反演值与测量值间线性相关决定系数最高分别为0.979、0.976、0.979、0.965和0.973,标准误差(standard error,SE)分别为10.55 cm、1.37、0.213 mm、0.672和0.055,其对应的反演模型分别为均值反演模型、覆盖率反演模型、覆盖率反演模型、覆盖率反演模型和均值反演模型。通过机器视觉技术及反演模型能够在线无损准确反演植物群生长参数,为温室环境调控及精准肥水一体灌溉控制系统提供具有代表性意义的决策依据。
