Background：China has achieved universal health insurance coverage.This study examined how patients and hospitals react to the different designs of the plans and to monitoring of patients by the local authority in the...Background：China has achieved universal health insurance coverage.This study examined how patients and hospitals react to the different designs of the plans and to monitoring of patients by the local authority in the Chinese multiple health security schemes.Methods：The sample for analysis consisted of 1006 orthopedic inpatients who were admitted between January and December 2011 at a tertiary teaching hospital located in Beijing.We conducted general linear regression analyses to investigate whether medical expenditure and length of stay differed according to the different incentives.Results：Patients under plans with lower copayment rates consumed significantly more medication compared with those under plans with higher copayment rates.Under plans with an annual ceiling for insurance coverage,patients spent significantly more in the second half of the year than in the first half of the year.The length of stay was shorter among patients when there were government monitoring and a penalty to the hospital service provider.Conclusions：Our results indicate that the different designs and monitoring of the health security systems in China cause opportunistic behavior by patients and providers.Reformation is necessary to reduce those incentives,and improve equity and efficiency in healthcare use.展开更多
Governments are implementing E-Government systems to match the other services due to the rapid worldwide development. Therefore, public sectors interact with many individuals;utilizing this technology lowers costs, en...Governments are implementing E-Government systems to match the other services due to the rapid worldwide development. Therefore, public sectors interact with many individuals;utilizing this technology lowers costs, enhances services, boosts efficiency, and saves time. The Government of Saudi Arabia has had various obstacles in serving its populace. Poor service delivery and excessive Government operating costs resulted from this manual service delivery. As a result, the Government launched the E-Government systems, which provide services more quickly. As a result, the report covered Saudi Arabia’s efforts to adopt E-Government, its difficulties, and its objectives to advance the 2030 vision. This study examined the adoption of E-Government systems using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) in Saudi Arabia. A sample size of 200 was estimated using the Convenience approach and received 58% of the response from employees and end-users of the E-Government systems. Data were analyzed using MS-Excel and SMART PLS for testing the hypothesis and applying the Partial Least Square approach. The results of the hypothesis testing reveal several meaningful relationships, including relative benefits, compatibility, security, management support, performance expectations, perceived Usefulness of E-Government, ease of use by reducing uncertainty to E-Government, and IT infrastructure by reducing language on E-Government adoption.展开更多
文摘Background：China has achieved universal health insurance coverage.This study examined how patients and hospitals react to the different designs of the plans and to monitoring of patients by the local authority in the Chinese multiple health security schemes.Methods：The sample for analysis consisted of 1006 orthopedic inpatients who were admitted between January and December 2011 at a tertiary teaching hospital located in Beijing.We conducted general linear regression analyses to investigate whether medical expenditure and length of stay differed according to the different incentives.Results：Patients under plans with lower copayment rates consumed significantly more medication compared with those under plans with higher copayment rates.Under plans with an annual ceiling for insurance coverage,patients spent significantly more in the second half of the year than in the first half of the year.The length of stay was shorter among patients when there were government monitoring and a penalty to the hospital service provider.Conclusions：Our results indicate that the different designs and monitoring of the health security systems in China cause opportunistic behavior by patients and providers.Reformation is necessary to reduce those incentives,and improve equity and efficiency in healthcare use.
文摘Governments are implementing E-Government systems to match the other services due to the rapid worldwide development. Therefore, public sectors interact with many individuals;utilizing this technology lowers costs, enhances services, boosts efficiency, and saves time. The Government of Saudi Arabia has had various obstacles in serving its populace. Poor service delivery and excessive Government operating costs resulted from this manual service delivery. As a result, the Government launched the E-Government systems, which provide services more quickly. As a result, the report covered Saudi Arabia’s efforts to adopt E-Government, its difficulties, and its objectives to advance the 2030 vision. This study examined the adoption of E-Government systems using the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) in Saudi Arabia. A sample size of 200 was estimated using the Convenience approach and received 58% of the response from employees and end-users of the E-Government systems. Data were analyzed using MS-Excel and SMART PLS for testing the hypothesis and applying the Partial Least Square approach. The results of the hypothesis testing reveal several meaningful relationships, including relative benefits, compatibility, security, management support, performance expectations, perceived Usefulness of E-Government, ease of use by reducing uncertainty to E-Government, and IT infrastructure by reducing language on E-Government adoption.
