采用传统的细菌培养方法,对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)育苗生产过程中不同发育时期仔稚鱼的消化道、投喂饵料和养殖水源中的可培养细菌进行了菌群结构分析和优势菌株的16S r DNA同源性比较,揭示其形成过程和演替规律。结果显示,在大...采用传统的细菌培养方法,对大菱鲆(Scophthalmus maximus)育苗生产过程中不同发育时期仔稚鱼的消化道、投喂饵料和养殖水源中的可培养细菌进行了菌群结构分析和优势菌株的16S r DNA同源性比较,揭示其形成过程和演替规律。结果显示,在大菱鲆仔稚鱼5-36日龄的不同发育时期,消化道中的细菌数量呈现了先升高后降低的变化趋势,在17-26日龄期间,仔稚鱼消化道可培养细菌数量级在105-106 CFU/g以上,并且与其他时期存在极显著差异(P<0.01)。弧菌总量呈现先升高后稳定的变化趋势,17日龄之前与之后存在显著差异(P<0.05)。至投喂颗粒饵料期,细菌总量和弧菌总量均稳定在104 CFU/g数量级,弧菌成为大菱鲆仔稚鱼消化道中的优势菌种。本研究发现,大菱鲆仔稚鱼发育早期消化道中的优势菌群变化明显,并且生物饵料中的细菌对消化道中的菌群结构影响较大,其中的Vibrio ichthyoenteri最终成为仔稚鱼消化道中的优势菌种。展开更多
Probiotic supplements have shown benefits in increasing frequency and efficiency of bowel movements and some strains have shown to reduce serum glucose levels. Bacillus subtilis is used in the fermentation of some foo...Probiotic supplements have shown benefits in increasing frequency and efficiency of bowel movements and some strains have shown to reduce serum glucose levels. Bacillus subtilis is used in the fermentation of some foods for probiotic effects and may be useful in concentrated supplement form. The first objective of this clinical study was to determine if daily consumption of Bacillus subtilis strain DE111 at a dose of 5 × 109 CFU is safe for human consumption. The second objective was to determine the effectiveness at increasing frequency of normal bowel movements and improving consistency of bowel type, by increasing beneficial gut microbes and reducing pathogenic ones. The tolerance and efficacy of encapsulated Bacillus subtilis DE111 was assessed in an average 20-day double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled human study. Most blood parameters remained within normal ranges throughout;however, fasted serum glucose levels in the probiotic group (91.0 ± 1.0 to 85.9 ± 1.4 mg/dl, α ≤ 0.05;P = 0.012) were significantly reduced. Although there was a significant increase in the average number of bowel movements per day within the placebo group (α ≤ 0.05;P = 0.015), there was no significant change in the type. Triglyceride levels were maintained within the probiotic group, while the control group displayed a significant increase from pre to post by paired T-test (α ≤ 0.05;P ≤ 0.042) (Figure 2). Additionally, significant differences in microbe colonization were present for Bacillus subtilis and Bifidobacterium in the fecal colony counts. Daily consumption of Bacillus subtilis can be recognized as safe, and has potential to be effective as a supplement to improve glucose tolerance.展开更多
文摘Probiotic supplements have shown benefits in increasing frequency and efficiency of bowel movements and some strains have shown to reduce serum glucose levels. Bacillus subtilis is used in the fermentation of some foods for probiotic effects and may be useful in concentrated supplement form. The first objective of this clinical study was to determine if daily consumption of Bacillus subtilis strain DE111 at a dose of 5 × 109 CFU is safe for human consumption. The second objective was to determine the effectiveness at increasing frequency of normal bowel movements and improving consistency of bowel type, by increasing beneficial gut microbes and reducing pathogenic ones. The tolerance and efficacy of encapsulated Bacillus subtilis DE111 was assessed in an average 20-day double-blind, randomized, and placebo-controlled human study. Most blood parameters remained within normal ranges throughout;however, fasted serum glucose levels in the probiotic group (91.0 ± 1.0 to 85.9 ± 1.4 mg/dl, α ≤ 0.05;P = 0.012) were significantly reduced. Although there was a significant increase in the average number of bowel movements per day within the placebo group (α ≤ 0.05;P = 0.015), there was no significant change in the type. Triglyceride levels were maintained within the probiotic group, while the control group displayed a significant increase from pre to post by paired T-test (α ≤ 0.05;P ≤ 0.042) (Figure 2). Additionally, significant differences in microbe colonization were present for Bacillus subtilis and Bifidobacterium in the fecal colony counts. Daily consumption of Bacillus subtilis can be recognized as safe, and has potential to be effective as a supplement to improve glucose tolerance.
