Array calibration with angularly dependent gain and phase uncertainties has long been a difficult problem. Although many array calibration methods have been reported extensively in the literature, they almost all assu...Array calibration with angularly dependent gain and phase uncertainties has long been a difficult problem. Although many array calibration methods have been reported extensively in the literature, they almost all assumed an angularly independent model for array uncertainties. Few calibration methods have been developed for the angularly dependent array uncertainties. A novel and efficient auto-calibration method for angularly dependent gain and phase uncertainties is proposed in this paper, which is called ISM (Instrumental Sensors Method). With the help of a few well-calibrated instrumental sensors, the ISM is able to achieve favorable and unambiguous direction-of-arrivals (DOAs) estimate and the corresponding angularly dependent gain and phase estimate simultaneously, even in the case of multiple non-disjoint sources. Since the mutual coupling and sensor position errors can all be described as angularly dependent gain/phase uncertainties, the ISM proposed still works in the presence of a combination of all these array perturbations. The ISM can be applied to arbitrary array geometries including linear arrays. The ISM is computationally efficient and requires only one-dimensional search, with no high-dimensional nonlinear search and convergence burden involved. Besides, no small error assumption is made, which is always an essential prerequisite for many existing array calibration techniques. The estimation performance of the ISM is analyzed theoretically and simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and behavior of the proposed ISM.展开更多
The effect of gain-phase perturbations and mutual coupling significantly degrades the performance of digital array radar (DAR). This paper investigates array calibration problems in the scenario where the true locatio...The effect of gain-phase perturbations and mutual coupling significantly degrades the performance of digital array radar (DAR). This paper investigates array calibration problems in the scenario where the true locations of auxiliary sources deviate from nominal values but the angle intervals are known. A practical algorithm is proposed to jointly calibrate gain-phase errors and mutual coupling errors. Firstly, a simplified model of the distortion matrix is developed based on its special structure in uniform linear array (ULA). Then the model is employed to derive the precise locations of the auxiliary sources by one-dimension search. Finally, the least-squares estimation of the distortion matrix is obtained. The algorithm has the potential of achieving considerable improvement in calibration accuracy due to the reduction of unknown parameters. In addition, the algorithm is feasible for practical applications, since it requires only one auxiliary source with the help of rotation platforms. Simulation results demonstrate the validity, robustness and high performance of the proposed algorithm. Experiments were carried out using an S-band DAR test-bed. The results of measured data show that the proposed algorithm is practical and effective in application. (C) 2016 Production and hosting by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics.展开更多
双基地多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output,MIMO)雷达收发阵列互耦和幅相误差会严重影响高分辨波达方向(direction of arrival,DOA)和波离方向(direction of departure,DOD)估计算法的性能。针对这一问题,通过在收发阵列中分...双基地多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output,MIMO)雷达收发阵列互耦和幅相误差会严重影响高分辨波达方向(direction of arrival,DOA)和波离方向(direction of departure,DOD)估计算法的性能。针对这一问题,通过在收发阵列中分别引入若干个经过精确校正的辅助阵元,并利用子空间原理和降维思想,提出了一种双基地MIMO雷达目标二维角度及收发阵列互耦和幅相误差矩阵的联合估计算法。首先,该算法不需要收发阵列互耦和幅相误差矩阵信息,就能较为精确地估计出目标的DOA和DOD;然后,基于对目标二维角度的精确估计,还能进一步对互耦和幅相误差矩阵进行精确估计,进而对收发阵列误差实现自校正。所提算法只需进行一维谱峰搜索,不需要高维非线性优化搜索,所以运算量较小。计算机仿真结果证明了所提算法的有效性和正确性。展开更多
针对多径环境中均匀线阵(uniform linear array,ULA)的幅相误差的校正问题,在不破坏阵列幅相误差矩阵的前提下,提出了一种多径条件下基于辅助阵元的波达方向(direction of arrival,DOA)估计及幅相误差自校正算法。利用阵列平移的方法对...针对多径环境中均匀线阵(uniform linear array,ULA)的幅相误差的校正问题,在不破坏阵列幅相误差矩阵的前提下,提出了一种多径条件下基于辅助阵元的波达方向(direction of arrival,DOA)估计及幅相误差自校正算法。利用阵列平移的方法对相干信号进行解相干预处理,再利用辅助阵元依据子空间原理构建代阶函数实现相干信源的方位估计,进而对阵列幅相误差进行估计。计算机仿真结果表明,该算法对多径环境下的相干信源具有准确的方位估计与幅相误差自校正性能。展开更多
Based on the dual uniform circular array, a novel method is proposed to estimate the direction-of-arrival (DOA) and jointly calibrate gain-phase errors, position errors, and mutual coupling errors. In this paper, only...Based on the dual uniform circular array, a novel method is proposed to estimate the direction-of-arrival (DOA) and jointly calibrate gain-phase errors, position errors, and mutual coupling errors. In this paper, only one auxiliary source is required to generate three time-disjoint calibration sources with the help of the rotation platform. Subsequently, according to the principle that the signal subspace is orthogonal to the noise subspace, the cost function is constructed. The alternating iteration method is used to estimate the coefficients of the three kinds of errors. During the process, the proposed algorithm makes full use of the structural characteristics of the array when estimating mutual coupling errors, while the signal phase matrix is used to eliminate the phase influence caused by the delay in signal arrival at the antenna array when estimating gain-phase errors and position errors. Compared with the algorithm using multidimensional nonlinear search, the proposed algorithm has lower computational com-plexity. Moreover, our algorithm does not require additional auxiliary sensors. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is effective and can precisely and comprehensively calibrate the errors in a dual uniform circular array.展开更多
文摘Array calibration with angularly dependent gain and phase uncertainties has long been a difficult problem. Although many array calibration methods have been reported extensively in the literature, they almost all assumed an angularly independent model for array uncertainties. Few calibration methods have been developed for the angularly dependent array uncertainties. A novel and efficient auto-calibration method for angularly dependent gain and phase uncertainties is proposed in this paper, which is called ISM (Instrumental Sensors Method). With the help of a few well-calibrated instrumental sensors, the ISM is able to achieve favorable and unambiguous direction-of-arrivals (DOAs) estimate and the corresponding angularly dependent gain and phase estimate simultaneously, even in the case of multiple non-disjoint sources. Since the mutual coupling and sensor position errors can all be described as angularly dependent gain/phase uncertainties, the ISM proposed still works in the presence of a combination of all these array perturbations. The ISM can be applied to arbitrary array geometries including linear arrays. The ISM is computationally efficient and requires only one-dimensional search, with no high-dimensional nonlinear search and convergence burden involved. Besides, no small error assumption is made, which is always an essential prerequisite for many existing array calibration techniques. The estimation performance of the ISM is analyzed theoretically and simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness and behavior of the proposed ISM.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61571449)
文摘The effect of gain-phase perturbations and mutual coupling significantly degrades the performance of digital array radar (DAR). This paper investigates array calibration problems in the scenario where the true locations of auxiliary sources deviate from nominal values but the angle intervals are known. A practical algorithm is proposed to jointly calibrate gain-phase errors and mutual coupling errors. Firstly, a simplified model of the distortion matrix is developed based on its special structure in uniform linear array (ULA). Then the model is employed to derive the precise locations of the auxiliary sources by one-dimension search. Finally, the least-squares estimation of the distortion matrix is obtained. The algorithm has the potential of achieving considerable improvement in calibration accuracy due to the reduction of unknown parameters. In addition, the algorithm is feasible for practical applications, since it requires only one auxiliary source with the help of rotation platforms. Simulation results demonstrate the validity, robustness and high performance of the proposed algorithm. Experiments were carried out using an S-band DAR test-bed. The results of measured data show that the proposed algorithm is practical and effective in application. (C) 2016 Production and hosting by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics.
文摘双基地多输入多输出(multiple input multiple output,MIMO)雷达收发阵列互耦和幅相误差会严重影响高分辨波达方向(direction of arrival,DOA)和波离方向(direction of departure,DOD)估计算法的性能。针对这一问题,通过在收发阵列中分别引入若干个经过精确校正的辅助阵元,并利用子空间原理和降维思想,提出了一种双基地MIMO雷达目标二维角度及收发阵列互耦和幅相误差矩阵的联合估计算法。首先,该算法不需要收发阵列互耦和幅相误差矩阵信息,就能较为精确地估计出目标的DOA和DOD;然后,基于对目标二维角度的精确估计,还能进一步对互耦和幅相误差矩阵进行精确估计,进而对收发阵列误差实现自校正。所提算法只需进行一维谱峰搜索,不需要高维非线性优化搜索,所以运算量较小。计算机仿真结果证明了所提算法的有效性和正确性。
文摘针对多径环境中均匀线阵(uniform linear array,ULA)的幅相误差的校正问题,在不破坏阵列幅相误差矩阵的前提下,提出了一种多径条件下基于辅助阵元的波达方向(direction of arrival,DOA)估计及幅相误差自校正算法。利用阵列平移的方法对相干信号进行解相干预处理,再利用辅助阵元依据子空间原理构建代阶函数实现相干信源的方位估计,进而对阵列幅相误差进行估计。计算机仿真结果表明,该算法对多径环境下的相干信源具有准确的方位估计与幅相误差自校正性能。
文摘Based on the dual uniform circular array, a novel method is proposed to estimate the direction-of-arrival (DOA) and jointly calibrate gain-phase errors, position errors, and mutual coupling errors. In this paper, only one auxiliary source is required to generate three time-disjoint calibration sources with the help of the rotation platform. Subsequently, according to the principle that the signal subspace is orthogonal to the noise subspace, the cost function is constructed. The alternating iteration method is used to estimate the coefficients of the three kinds of errors. During the process, the proposed algorithm makes full use of the structural characteristics of the array when estimating mutual coupling errors, while the signal phase matrix is used to eliminate the phase influence caused by the delay in signal arrival at the antenna array when estimating gain-phase errors and position errors. Compared with the algorithm using multidimensional nonlinear search, the proposed algorithm has lower computational com-plexity. Moreover, our algorithm does not require additional auxiliary sensors. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm is effective and can precisely and comprehensively calibrate the errors in a dual uniform circular array.
文摘针对高频地波雷达系统的工程应用,提出一种基于自动识别系统(automatic identification system,AIS)信息相关系数法进行阵列幅相误差校准的方法。该方法利用低信噪比的舰船回波信号,可以实现同步校正,不需要专门部署应答器,且成本低,对于不能借助直达波校准的单基地高频地波雷达系统同样适用。分析现场的实测数据结果表明,通过该方法对阵列幅相误差进行校准可以获得稳定的幅度、相位校准值,校准后多信号分类(multiple signal classification,MUSIC)空间谱估计方位角的准确性和分辨率得到大幅度提高,进而显著改善利用MUSIC算法估计海流方位角的高频地波雷达系统海流探测性能。
