贵州久安分布着大量的古茶树资源。为了明晰这些茶树资源间的遗传关系,本研究以分布于久安5个不同区域的100份古茶树为材料,首先利用GBS(genotyping by sequencing)技术对它们的全基因组SNP进行了鉴定,然后基于鉴定到的SNP进行了系统进...贵州久安分布着大量的古茶树资源。为了明晰这些茶树资源间的遗传关系,本研究以分布于久安5个不同区域的100份古茶树为材料,首先利用GBS(genotyping by sequencing)技术对它们的全基因组SNP进行了鉴定,然后基于鉴定到的SNP进行了系统进化树构建、主成分分析以及遗传结构分析。100份古茶树材料共获得548597个高质量SNP,并对这些SNP进行了变异类型注释。系统进化树、主成分分析以及遗传结构分析的结果高度一致,结果表明同一区域内的材料间亲缘关系较近;100份资源可以分为3个类群;古茶园(G)的材料与其他4个区域的材料遗传背景差异较大,这4个区域的资源可能有相同的亲本来源。展开更多
DNA binding with one finger(Dof)蛋白是植物中特有的一类转录因子,自1993年在玉米中发现该转录因子到如今已有26年的历史。Dof蛋白只有一个由52个氨基酸组成的单锌指保守结构域,该结构域包含4个保守的半胱氨酸残基和一个二价锌离子,...DNA binding with one finger(Dof)蛋白是植物中特有的一类转录因子,自1993年在玉米中发现该转录因子到如今已有26年的历史。Dof蛋白只有一个由52个氨基酸组成的单锌指保守结构域,该结构域包含4个保守的半胱氨酸残基和一个二价锌离子,这两者都是Dof转录因子重要的组成部分,二者缺一不可,若半胱氨酸发生突变,或存在其他二价离子螯合剂都将会影响锌指结构的生成,进而使Dof蛋白不能与DNA结合,导致其丧失活性。半胱氨酸残基和Zn2+可以共价结合构成CX2CX21CX2C基序,此基序能够特异识别启动子中的AAAG(或CTTT)序列,从而激活或抑制靶基因的表达。Dof蛋白C-末端氨基酸序列的多变性导致该转录因子进化的多样性,从而在植物的生长发育过程中发挥着不同且重要的功能,如种子萌发、维管的发育和叶片极性、花和花粉发育、光周期反应、参与碳和氮的代谢、合成次生代谢产物、植物的逆境响应过程等。围绕着Dof转录因子的结构、系统进化关系、motif的组成和在植物中发挥的功能展开综述,以期为后续Dof转录因子的研究奠定相应的理论基础。展开更多
The knowledge of origin and evolution of cultivated soybeans is one of the basic issues in both biology and agronomy of the crop. In order to investigate the nuclear and cytoplasmic genetic diversity, geographic diffe...The knowledge of origin and evolution of cultivated soybeans is one of the basic issues in both biology and agronomy of the crop. In order to investigate the nuclear and cytoplasmic genetic diversity, geographic differentiation and genetic relationship among geographic ecotypes of cultivated (Glycine max) and wild (G. soja) soybeans, the allelic profiles at 60 nuclear simple-sequence repeat (nuSSR) loci and 11 chloroplastic SSR (cpSSR) loci evenly distributed on whole genome of 393 landraces and 196 wild accessions from nation-wide growing areas in China were analyzed. (i) The genetic diversity of the wild soybean was obviously larger than that of the cultivated soybean, with their nuSSR and cpSSR alleles as 1067 vs. 980 and 57 vs 44, respectively. Of the 980 nuclear alleles detected in the cultivated soybean, 377 new ones (38.5%) emerged, while of the 44 chloroplastic alleles in the cultivated soybean, seven new ones (15.9%) emerged after domestication. (ii) Among the cultivated geographic ecotypes, those from southern China, including South-Central China, Southwest China and South China possessed relatively great genetic diversity than those from northern China, while among the wild geographic ecotypes, the Middle and Lower Changjiang Valleys wild ecotype showed the highest genetic diversity. (iii) The analysis of molecular variance, association analysis between geographic grouping and molecular marker clustering and analysis of specific-present alleles of ecotypes demonstrated that the geographic differentiation of both cultivated and wild soybeans associated with their genetic differentiation, or in other words, had their relevant genetic bases. (iv) The cluster analysis of all accessions clearly showed that the wild accessions from Middle and Lower Changjiang Valleys and South-Central & Southwest China had relatively small genetic distances with all cultivated accessions. The UPGMA dendrogram among geographic ecotypes further showed that the genetic distances between all cultivated ecotypes and the Middle an展开更多
文摘贵州久安分布着大量的古茶树资源。为了明晰这些茶树资源间的遗传关系,本研究以分布于久安5个不同区域的100份古茶树为材料,首先利用GBS(genotyping by sequencing)技术对它们的全基因组SNP进行了鉴定,然后基于鉴定到的SNP进行了系统进化树构建、主成分分析以及遗传结构分析。100份古茶树材料共获得548597个高质量SNP,并对这些SNP进行了变异类型注释。系统进化树、主成分分析以及遗传结构分析的结果高度一致,结果表明同一区域内的材料间亲缘关系较近;100份资源可以分为3个类群;古茶园(G)的材料与其他4个区域的材料遗传背景差异较大,这4个区域的资源可能有相同的亲本来源。
文摘DNA binding with one finger(Dof)蛋白是植物中特有的一类转录因子,自1993年在玉米中发现该转录因子到如今已有26年的历史。Dof蛋白只有一个由52个氨基酸组成的单锌指保守结构域,该结构域包含4个保守的半胱氨酸残基和一个二价锌离子,这两者都是Dof转录因子重要的组成部分,二者缺一不可,若半胱氨酸发生突变,或存在其他二价离子螯合剂都将会影响锌指结构的生成,进而使Dof蛋白不能与DNA结合,导致其丧失活性。半胱氨酸残基和Zn2+可以共价结合构成CX2CX21CX2C基序,此基序能够特异识别启动子中的AAAG(或CTTT)序列,从而激活或抑制靶基因的表达。Dof蛋白C-末端氨基酸序列的多变性导致该转录因子进化的多样性,从而在植物的生长发育过程中发挥着不同且重要的功能,如种子萌发、维管的发育和叶片极性、花和花粉发育、光周期反应、参与碳和氮的代谢、合成次生代谢产物、植物的逆境响应过程等。围绕着Dof转录因子的结构、系统进化关系、motif的组成和在植物中发挥的功能展开综述,以期为后续Dof转录因子的研究奠定相应的理论基础。
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 32671266)National Key Basic Research and Development Program of China (Grant Nos. 2006CB101708 and 2009CB118404)+2 种基金Key Projects in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program (Grant No. 2006BAD13B05-7)Special Public Sector Research of the Ministry of Agriculture (Grant No. 200803060)Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities (111 Project) (Grant No. B08025)
文摘The knowledge of origin and evolution of cultivated soybeans is one of the basic issues in both biology and agronomy of the crop. In order to investigate the nuclear and cytoplasmic genetic diversity, geographic differentiation and genetic relationship among geographic ecotypes of cultivated (Glycine max) and wild (G. soja) soybeans, the allelic profiles at 60 nuclear simple-sequence repeat (nuSSR) loci and 11 chloroplastic SSR (cpSSR) loci evenly distributed on whole genome of 393 landraces and 196 wild accessions from nation-wide growing areas in China were analyzed. (i) The genetic diversity of the wild soybean was obviously larger than that of the cultivated soybean, with their nuSSR and cpSSR alleles as 1067 vs. 980 and 57 vs 44, respectively. Of the 980 nuclear alleles detected in the cultivated soybean, 377 new ones (38.5%) emerged, while of the 44 chloroplastic alleles in the cultivated soybean, seven new ones (15.9%) emerged after domestication. (ii) Among the cultivated geographic ecotypes, those from southern China, including South-Central China, Southwest China and South China possessed relatively great genetic diversity than those from northern China, while among the wild geographic ecotypes, the Middle and Lower Changjiang Valleys wild ecotype showed the highest genetic diversity. (iii) The analysis of molecular variance, association analysis between geographic grouping and molecular marker clustering and analysis of specific-present alleles of ecotypes demonstrated that the geographic differentiation of both cultivated and wild soybeans associated with their genetic differentiation, or in other words, had their relevant genetic bases. (iv) The cluster analysis of all accessions clearly showed that the wild accessions from Middle and Lower Changjiang Valleys and South-Central & Southwest China had relatively small genetic distances with all cultivated accessions. The UPGMA dendrogram among geographic ecotypes further showed that the genetic distances between all cultivated ecotypes and the Middle an
文摘目的：对我国2个主产区的主要红景天（Rhodiola L.）品种r DNA-内转录间隔区（ITS）序列进行分析,为红景天种质资源的分子鉴别及进化关系提供依据。方法：提取核基因组DNA,聚合酶链反应（PCR）克隆ITS序列;经DNAstar软件拼接序列后,通过Clustal X软件进行比对,考察其变异位点及信息位点;用Mega 4.1计算品种之间的遗传距离,构建最大简约树（maximum parsimony,MP）和邻接树（neighbor-joining,NJ）。结果：5种红景天材料r DNA-ITS序列长度为603～604 bp,ITS1、5.8 S r DNA和ITS2的DNA长度分别为226 bp、164 bp和213～214 bp。ITS1和ITS2分别含有11和9个变异位点,其中,信息位点分别为6和2个;存在转换、颠换、缺失等现象;5.8 S r DNA序列含7个变异位点,2个信息位点;试验中红景天品种的遗传距离为0.018 2～0.627 3。大花红景天与柴胡红景天亲缘关系最近。结论：r DNA-ITS序列是鉴别红景天品种,研究遗传关系的良好方法。
