依据清初内国史院满文档案史料,我们断定,顺治帝福临6岁前的满语名字为fangkala(方喀拉);amba coohai ejen doro be aliha ho sˇoi mergen qin wang"大将军摄政和硕睿亲王"多尔衮在顺治元年(1644年)五月率清军进关后,改称号...依据清初内国史院满文档案史料,我们断定,顺治帝福临6岁前的满语名字为fangkala(方喀拉);amba coohai ejen doro be aliha ho sˇoi mergen qin wang"大将军摄政和硕睿亲王"多尔衮在顺治元年(1644年)五月率清军进关后,改称号为doro be aliha wang hese be aliha amba coohai ejen"摄政王奉命大将军",彰显独一无二的"摄政王"地位;顺治十三年(1656年)底、十四年(1657年)初,顺治帝命将庙坛匾额去蒙古字,只书满汉两种文字。这些新观点,无不说明清初满文档案于清史研究独具的史料价值。展开更多
The judicial system in Qing Beijing integrated both Ming and Manchu institutions.In the Ming judicial system,the first level of courts in Beijing included the Ministry of Justice and the Censorate,and on the second le...The judicial system in Qing Beijing integrated both Ming and Manchu institutions.In the Ming judicial system,the first level of courts in Beijing included the Ministry of Justice and the Censorate,and on the second level was the Court of Judicial Review.During the Ming,however,this system became heavily disrupted by the intelligence security apparatuses,like the Eastern Depot.In the Manchu system,on the first level of courts was the banner company captains and on the second level was the Ministry of Justice.After 1644,the Ming^institutional legacies and lessons remained so important to Manchu rulers that they eventually created an integrated legal system that primarily drew from the Ming system.This integration reflected the Qing dynasty’s endeavor to adopt Ming institutions.Prince Regent Dorgon insisted upon judicial separation on the first level of the courts—Censors of the Five Wards could not settle cases involving banner people,nor could the banner system handle cases involving civilians—while the Shunzhi emperor and his successors wanted judicial unity in Beijing and ordinary banner people and civilians to be adjudicated by the same courts.展开更多
文摘依据清初内国史院满文档案史料,我们断定,顺治帝福临6岁前的满语名字为fangkala(方喀拉);amba coohai ejen doro be aliha ho sˇoi mergen qin wang"大将军摄政和硕睿亲王"多尔衮在顺治元年(1644年)五月率清军进关后,改称号为doro be aliha wang hese be aliha amba coohai ejen"摄政王奉命大将军",彰显独一无二的"摄政王"地位;顺治十三年(1656年)底、十四年(1657年)初,顺治帝命将庙坛匾额去蒙古字,只书满汉两种文字。这些新观点,无不说明清初满文档案于清史研究独具的史料价值。
基金This article is supported by the National Social Science Fund of China(Project No.15BZS068).
文摘The judicial system in Qing Beijing integrated both Ming and Manchu institutions.In the Ming judicial system,the first level of courts in Beijing included the Ministry of Justice and the Censorate,and on the second level was the Court of Judicial Review.During the Ming,however,this system became heavily disrupted by the intelligence security apparatuses,like the Eastern Depot.In the Manchu system,on the first level of courts was the banner company captains and on the second level was the Ministry of Justice.After 1644,the Ming^institutional legacies and lessons remained so important to Manchu rulers that they eventually created an integrated legal system that primarily drew from the Ming system.This integration reflected the Qing dynasty’s endeavor to adopt Ming institutions.Prince Regent Dorgon insisted upon judicial separation on the first level of the courts—Censors of the Five Wards could not settle cases involving banner people,nor could the banner system handle cases involving civilians—while the Shunzhi emperor and his successors wanted judicial unity in Beijing and ordinary banner people and civilians to be adjudicated by the same courts.
