BACKGROUND Nucleos(t)ide analog(NA)has shown limited effectiveness against hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)clearance in chronic hepatitis B(CHB)patients.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of add-on peginterfero...BACKGROUND Nucleos(t)ide analog(NA)has shown limited effectiveness against hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)clearance in chronic hepatitis B(CHB)patients.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of add-on peginterferonα-2a(peg-IFNα-2a)to an ongoing NA regimen in CHB patients.METHODS In this observational study,195 CHB patients with HBsAg≤1500 IU/m L,hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)-negative(including HBeAg-negative patients or HBeAg-positive patients who achieved HBeAg-negative after antiviral treatment with NA)and hepatitis B virus-deoxyribonucleic acid<1.0×10^2 IU/mL after over 1 year of NA therapy were enrolled between November 2015 and December2018 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,China.Patients were given the choice between receiving either peg-IFNα-2a add-on therapy to an ongoing NA regimen(add-on group,n=91)or continuous NA monotherapy(monotherapy group,n=104)after being informed of the benefits and risks of the peg-IFNα-2a therapy.Total therapy duration of peg-IFNα-2a was 48 wk.All patients were followed-up to week 72(24 wk after discontinuation of peg-IFNα-2a).The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with HBsAg clearance at week 72.RESULTS Demographic and baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups.Intention-to-treatment analysis showed that the HBsAg clearance rate in the add-on group and monotherapy group was 37.4%(34/91)and 1.9%(2/104)at week 72,respectively.The HBsAg seroconversion rate in the add-on group was 29.7%(27/91)at week 72,and no patient in the monotherapy group achieved HBsAg seroconversion at week 72.The HBsAg clearance and seroconversion rates in the add-on group were significantly higher than in the monotherapy group at week 72(P<0.001).Younger patients,lower baseline HBsAg concentration,lower HBsAg concentrations at weeks 12 and 24,greater HBsAg decline from baseline to weeks 12 and 24 and the alanine aminotransferase≥2×upper limit of normal during the first 12 wk of therapy were strong predictors of HBsAg clearance i展开更多
Formic acid oxidation is an important electrocatalytic reaction in proton- exchange membrane （PEM） fuel cells, in which both active sites and species adsorption/activation play key roles. In this study, we have deve...Formic acid oxidation is an important electrocatalytic reaction in proton- exchange membrane （PEM） fuel cells, in which both active sites and species adsorption/activation play key roles. In this study, we have developed hollow Pd-Ag alloy nanostructures with high active surface areas for application to electrocatalytic formic acid oxidation. When a certain amount of Ag is incorporated into a Pd lattice, which is already a highly active material for formic acid oxidation, the electrocatalytic activity can be significantly boosted. As indicated by theoretical simulations, coupling between Pd and Ag induces polarization charges on Pd catalytic sites, which can enhance the adsorption of HCO0＊ species. As a result, the designed electrocatalysts can achieve reduced Pd usage and enhanced catalytic properties at the same time. This study represents an approach that simultaneously fabricates hollow structures to increase the number of active sites and utilizes interatomic interactions to tune species adsorption/ activation towards improved electrocatalytic performance.展开更多
Background Recently,new anti-epileptic drugs （AEDs） have been more frequently selected to treat epilepsy.In the present study,we evaluated the dynamic changes of efficacy and safety of three newer AEDs for treating ...Background Recently,new anti-epileptic drugs （AEDs） have been more frequently selected to treat epilepsy.In the present study,we evaluated the dynamic changes of efficacy and safety of three newer AEDs for treating partial epilepsy in China.Methods Patients were collected sequentially and were divided into three groups which accepted oxcarbazepine （OXC）,lamotrigine （LTG） or topiramate （TPM） therapy.Each group included monotherapy and add-on therapy subgroups.We followed all patients for one year and recorded the indexes of efficacy and safety in detail.Results A total of 909 patients finished the follow-up observation.No significant difference was found in proportion of patients with 〉 or =50% reduction,〉 or =75% reduction and 100% seizure reduction in the LTG and OXC groups between the first and the second six months.In the TPM group there was a statistical difference between the first and the second six months in proportion of patients with 〉 or =50% reduction （P=-0.002）,〉 or =75% reduction （P 〈0.0001） and 100% seizure reduction （P=0.009） in the monotherapy subgroup,and about 〉 or =75% reduction and 100% seizure reduction in the add-on therapy subgroup （P 〈0.0001）.The efficacy between the add-on and monotherapy subgroups showed a statistical difference.The safety of the three newer AEDs was good.Conclusions The three newer AEDs all showed good efficacy and tolerability for partial epilepsy.And the efficacy can be maintained for at least one year.展开更多
Copper（ Ⅱ ） resercyiic acid（CuRes） nanoparticles were synthesized by using reactive precipitation method with resorcylic acid and blue copperas as the raw material in a rotating packed bed. The sample obtained wa...Copper（ Ⅱ ） resercyiic acid（CuRes） nanoparticles were synthesized by using reactive precipitation method with resorcylic acid and blue copperas as the raw material in a rotating packed bed. The sample obtained was characterized by using X-ray diffraction（XRD）, transmission electron micrescopy（TEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, thermo-gravimetric analyses （TG）, and element analysis. In addition, the catalytic activity of CuRes nanoparticles on the thermal decomposition of nitrocellulose-nitroglycerine（NC-NG） was also determined via DSC. The results show that the spherical nanoparticles with a diameter of 20 nm were obtained in ethanol solution. The peak temperature of the thermal decomposition of NC-NG-CuRes decreases by 3℃ compared with that of normal CuRes, and the decomposition enthalpy is increased by 735 J/g, and therefore, it is reasonable to assume that CuRes nanoparticles have a better catalytic activity.展开更多
BACKGROUND Allicin(2-propene-1-sulfinothioic acid S-2-propenyl ester,diallyl thiosulfinate)extracted from garlic,has proven activity against Helicobacter pylori(H.Pylori)infection.In recent years,clinical trials have ...BACKGROUND Allicin(2-propene-1-sulfinothioic acid S-2-propenyl ester,diallyl thiosulfinate)extracted from garlic,has proven activity against Helicobacter pylori(H.Pylori)infection.In recent years,clinical trials have explored its utility as an add-on therapy with variable outcomes reported.AIM To perform a systemic review of allicin as an add-on treatment for H.Pylori infection and assess its efficacy in randomized controlled trials(RCTs).METHODS Electronic databases including MEDLINE,EMBASE,the Web of Science,the Cochrane Database,the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,Chinese VIP Information Databases,Chinese Medical Databases,and the Wan-Fang Database were searched for keywords including“allicin”,“Helicobacter pylori”,“randomized clinical trials”,and their synonyms.A meta-analysis was performed using the fixed-effects model for low heterogeneity and the randomeffects model for high heterogeneity with sensitivity analysis.Bias was evaluated using Egger’s tests.Trial sequential analysis(TSA)was used to evaluate information size and treatment benefits.The Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)was used to assess the level of quality,and studies were classed as“high quality”,“moderate quality”,“low quality”,and“very low quality”.RESULTS A total of eight RCTs consisting of 867 participants(435 from the allicin group and 432 from the control group)were included.Eradication rate in the allicin group(93.33%,406/435)was significantly higher than that of the control group(83.56%,361/432)[I2=0%,odds ratio(OR)=2.75,95%confidence interval(CI):1.74-4.35,P<0.001].The healing rate of ulcers following H.pylori therapy in the allicin group(86.17%,349/405)was significantly higher than that of the control group(75.87%,305/402)[I2=0%,OR=2.05,95%CI:1.39-3.03,P<0.001].The total remission rate of peptic ulcers across all allicin groups was 95.99%,which was significantly higher than that of controls[95.99%(359/374)vs 89.25%(332/372),I2=0,heterogeneity P=0.84,O展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31500650。
文摘BACKGROUND Nucleos(t)ide analog(NA)has shown limited effectiveness against hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)clearance in chronic hepatitis B(CHB)patients.AIM To evaluate the efficacy and safety of add-on peginterferonα-2a(peg-IFNα-2a)to an ongoing NA regimen in CHB patients.METHODS In this observational study,195 CHB patients with HBsAg≤1500 IU/m L,hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)-negative(including HBeAg-negative patients or HBeAg-positive patients who achieved HBeAg-negative after antiviral treatment with NA)and hepatitis B virus-deoxyribonucleic acid<1.0×10^2 IU/mL after over 1 year of NA therapy were enrolled between November 2015 and December2018 at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University,China.Patients were given the choice between receiving either peg-IFNα-2a add-on therapy to an ongoing NA regimen(add-on group,n=91)or continuous NA monotherapy(monotherapy group,n=104)after being informed of the benefits and risks of the peg-IFNα-2a therapy.Total therapy duration of peg-IFNα-2a was 48 wk.All patients were followed-up to week 72(24 wk after discontinuation of peg-IFNα-2a).The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with HBsAg clearance at week 72.RESULTS Demographic and baseline characteristics were comparable between the two groups.Intention-to-treatment analysis showed that the HBsAg clearance rate in the add-on group and monotherapy group was 37.4%(34/91)and 1.9%(2/104)at week 72,respectively.The HBsAg seroconversion rate in the add-on group was 29.7%(27/91)at week 72,and no patient in the monotherapy group achieved HBsAg seroconversion at week 72.The HBsAg clearance and seroconversion rates in the add-on group were significantly higher than in the monotherapy group at week 72(P<0.001).Younger patients,lower baseline HBsAg concentration,lower HBsAg concentrations at weeks 12 and 24,greater HBsAg decline from baseline to weeks 12 and 24 and the alanine aminotransferase≥2×upper limit of normal during the first 12 wk of therapy were strong predictors of HBsAg clearance i
文摘Formic acid oxidation is an important electrocatalytic reaction in proton- exchange membrane （PEM） fuel cells, in which both active sites and species adsorption/activation play key roles. In this study, we have developed hollow Pd-Ag alloy nanostructures with high active surface areas for application to electrocatalytic formic acid oxidation. When a certain amount of Ag is incorporated into a Pd lattice, which is already a highly active material for formic acid oxidation, the electrocatalytic activity can be significantly boosted. As indicated by theoretical simulations, coupling between Pd and Ag induces polarization charges on Pd catalytic sites, which can enhance the adsorption of HCO0＊ species. As a result, the designed electrocatalysts can achieve reduced Pd usage and enhanced catalytic properties at the same time. This study represents an approach that simultaneously fabricates hollow structures to increase the number of active sites and utilizes interatomic interactions to tune species adsorption/ activation towards improved electrocatalytic performance.
文摘Background Recently,new anti-epileptic drugs （AEDs） have been more frequently selected to treat epilepsy.In the present study,we evaluated the dynamic changes of efficacy and safety of three newer AEDs for treating partial epilepsy in China.Methods Patients were collected sequentially and were divided into three groups which accepted oxcarbazepine （OXC）,lamotrigine （LTG） or topiramate （TPM） therapy.Each group included monotherapy and add-on therapy subgroups.We followed all patients for one year and recorded the indexes of efficacy and safety in detail.Results A total of 909 patients finished the follow-up observation.No significant difference was found in proportion of patients with 〉 or =50% reduction,〉 or =75% reduction and 100% seizure reduction in the LTG and OXC groups between the first and the second six months.In the TPM group there was a statistical difference between the first and the second six months in proportion of patients with 〉 or =50% reduction （P=-0.002）,〉 or =75% reduction （P 〈0.0001） and 100% seizure reduction （P=0.009） in the monotherapy subgroup,and about 〉 or =75% reduction and 100% seizure reduction in the add-on therapy subgroup （P 〈0.0001）.The efficacy between the add-on and monotherapy subgroups showed a statistical difference.The safety of the three newer AEDs was good.Conclusions The three newer AEDs all showed good efficacy and tolerability for partial epilepsy.And the efficacy can be maintained for at least one year.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No 20576128)partially supported by the Natural ScienceFoundation of Shanxi Province(No 20051015)
文摘Copper（ Ⅱ ） resercyiic acid（CuRes） nanoparticles were synthesized by using reactive precipitation method with resorcylic acid and blue copperas as the raw material in a rotating packed bed. The sample obtained was characterized by using X-ray diffraction（XRD）, transmission electron micrescopy（TEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）, thermo-gravimetric analyses （TG）, and element analysis. In addition, the catalytic activity of CuRes nanoparticles on the thermal decomposition of nitrocellulose-nitroglycerine（NC-NG） was also determined via DSC. The results show that the spherical nanoparticles with a diameter of 20 nm were obtained in ethanol solution. The peak temperature of the thermal decomposition of NC-NG-CuRes decreases by 3℃ compared with that of normal CuRes, and the decomposition enthalpy is increased by 735 J/g, and therefore, it is reasonable to assume that CuRes nanoparticles have a better catalytic activity.
基金Supported by BeiJingJiShuiTan Hospital Foundation for Young Scholars,No.QN-201906
文摘BACKGROUND Allicin(2-propene-1-sulfinothioic acid S-2-propenyl ester,diallyl thiosulfinate)extracted from garlic,has proven activity against Helicobacter pylori(H.Pylori)infection.In recent years,clinical trials have explored its utility as an add-on therapy with variable outcomes reported.AIM To perform a systemic review of allicin as an add-on treatment for H.Pylori infection and assess its efficacy in randomized controlled trials(RCTs).METHODS Electronic databases including MEDLINE,EMBASE,the Web of Science,the Cochrane Database,the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,Chinese VIP Information Databases,Chinese Medical Databases,and the Wan-Fang Database were searched for keywords including“allicin”,“Helicobacter pylori”,“randomized clinical trials”,and their synonyms.A meta-analysis was performed using the fixed-effects model for low heterogeneity and the randomeffects model for high heterogeneity with sensitivity analysis.Bias was evaluated using Egger’s tests.Trial sequential analysis(TSA)was used to evaluate information size and treatment benefits.The Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)was used to assess the level of quality,and studies were classed as“high quality”,“moderate quality”,“low quality”,and“very low quality”.RESULTS A total of eight RCTs consisting of 867 participants(435 from the allicin group and 432 from the control group)were included.Eradication rate in the allicin group(93.33%,406/435)was significantly higher than that of the control group(83.56%,361/432)[I2=0%,odds ratio(OR)=2.75,95%confidence interval(CI):1.74-4.35,P<0.001].The healing rate of ulcers following H.pylori therapy in the allicin group(86.17%,349/405)was significantly higher than that of the control group(75.87%,305/402)[I2=0%,OR=2.05,95%CI:1.39-3.03,P<0.001].The total remission rate of peptic ulcers across all allicin groups was 95.99%,which was significantly higher than that of controls[95.99%(359/374)vs 89.25%(332/372),I2=0,heterogeneity P=0.84,O
