INTRODUCTIONThe word omentum derives from the ancientEgyptians who,when embalming human bodies,used to assess their'omens'by looking at thevariations in what we recognise today as theomentum.Galen(128-199 AD)t...INTRODUCTIONThe word omentum derives from the ancientEgyptians who,when embalming human bodies,used to assess their'omens'by looking at thevariations in what we recognise today as theomentum.Galen(128-199 AD)thought that therole of the omentum was to warm the intestines.This was on the basis of a gladiator who had anomental resection after a stab injury and sufferedgreatly from cold for the rest of his life.A展开更多
Interleukin-17(IL-17)and IL-17-producing cells have been shown to play important roles in inflammation and the immune response.IL-17 is believed to be mainly produced by T helper 17(Th17)cells,a unique helper T-cell s...Interleukin-17(IL-17)and IL-17-producing cells have been shown to play important roles in inflammation and the immune response.IL-17 is believed to be mainly produced by T helper 17(Th17)cells,a unique helper T-cell subset different from Th1 and Th2 cells.Other subsets of T cells such as cdT and natural killer T(NKT)cells have also been found to produce IL-17 in response to innate stimuli.IL-17 acts as a proinflammatory cytokine that can induce the release of certain chemokines,cytokines,matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)and antimicrobial peptides from mesenchymal and myeloid cells.This leads to the expansion and accumulation of neutrophils in the innate immune system and links innate and adaptive immunity in vivo.Furthermore,increasing evidence indicates that IL-17 and IL-17-producing cells are involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases such as allergies,autoimmune diseases,allograft transplantation and even malignancy.They may also play protective roles in host defense against infectious diseases and promote induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL)responses against cancer.Targeting of the IL-17 axis is under investigation for the treatment of inflammatory disorders.展开更多
Objective:Neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)produced by tumor-infiltrating neutrophils(TINs)are associated with poor prognosis in patients with several types of cancer.However,the mechanisms underlying the involveme...Objective:Neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)produced by tumor-infiltrating neutrophils(TINs)are associated with poor prognosis in patients with several types of cancer.However,the mechanisms underlying the involvement of NETs in glioma progression remain largely unknown.This study aimed to elucidate the roles of NETs in biological processes that drive the crosstalk between glioma progression and the tumor microenvironment.Methods:Neutrophil infiltration and NETs formation were investigated in glioma tissue through immunohistochemistry,and their relationships with clinicopathological features and outcomes were statistically evaluated.The effects of NETs on glioma cell progression were studied in a co-culture system.In vivo and in vitro experiments validated the reactive oxygen species activity and cytokine production of TINs,as well as the ERK signaling pathway activation and the metastasis of gliomas.Results:Neutrophil infiltration and NETs formation were induced in high-grade glioma compared with low-grade glioma.NETs induced by TINs were determined to be an oncogenic marker of high-grade gliomas and to be involved in cell proliferation and invasion.NETs overproduction promoted glioma cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.Furthermore,HMGB1 was found to bind to RAGE and activate the NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro.In addition,NETs stimulated the NF-κB signaling pathway,thus promoting IL-8 secretion in glioblastoma.Subsequently,IL-8 recruited neutrophils which in turn mediated NETs formation via the PI3 K/AKT/ROS axis in TINs.Conclusions:Our results suggest that NETs produced by TINs mediate the crosstalk between glioma progression and the tumor microenvironment by regulating the HMGB1/RAGE/IL-8 axis.Targeting NETs formation or IL-8 secretion may be an effective approach to inhibit glioma progression.展开更多
AIM： To investigate the role of nuclear factor kappa B （NF-κB） in the pathogenesis of lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion （I/R）, and its effect on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 （ICAM-1） ...AIM： To investigate the role of nuclear factor kappa B （NF-κB） in the pathogenesis of lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion （I/R）, and its effect on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 （ICAM-1） expression and neutrophil infiltration. METHODS： Twenty-four Wistar rats were divided randomly into control, I/R and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate （PDTC） treatment groups, n = 8 in each. I/R group and PDTC treatment group received superior mysenteric artery （SMA） occluding for 1 h and reperfusion for 2 h. PDTC group was administrated with intraperitoneal injection of 2% 100 mg/kg PDTC 1 h before surgery. Lung histology and bronchia alveolus lung fluid （BALF） protein were assayed. Serum IL-6, lung malondialdehyde （MDA） and myeloperoxidase （MPO） as well as the expression level of NF-κB and ICAM-1 were measured.RESULTS： Lung injury induced by intestinal I/R, was characterized by edema, hemorrhage and neutrophil infiltration as well as by the significant rising of BALF protein. Compared to control group, the levels of serum IL-6 and lung MDA and MPO increased significantly in I/R group （P=0.001）. Strong positive expression of NF-κB p65 and ICAM-1 was observed. After the administration of PDTC, the level of serum IL-6, lung MDA and MPO as well as NF-κB and ICAM-1 decreased significantly （P〈 0.05） when compared to I/R group.CONCLUSION： The activation of NF-κB plays an important role in the pathogenesis of lung injury induced by intestinal I/R through upregulating the neutrophil infiltration and lung ICAM-1 expression. PDTC as an inhibitor of NF-κB can prevent lung injury induced by intestinal I/R through inhibiting the activity of NF-κB.展开更多
文摘INTRODUCTIONThe word omentum derives from the ancientEgyptians who,when embalming human bodies,used to assess their'omens'by looking at thevariations in what we recognise today as theomentum.Galen(128-199 AD)thought that therole of the omentum was to warm the intestines.This was on the basis of a gladiator who had anomental resection after a stab injury and sufferedgreatly from cold for the rest of his life.A
文摘Interleukin-17(IL-17)and IL-17-producing cells have been shown to play important roles in inflammation and the immune response.IL-17 is believed to be mainly produced by T helper 17(Th17)cells,a unique helper T-cell subset different from Th1 and Th2 cells.Other subsets of T cells such as cdT and natural killer T(NKT)cells have also been found to produce IL-17 in response to innate stimuli.IL-17 acts as a proinflammatory cytokine that can induce the release of certain chemokines,cytokines,matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)and antimicrobial peptides from mesenchymal and myeloid cells.This leads to the expansion and accumulation of neutrophils in the innate immune system and links innate and adaptive immunity in vivo.Furthermore,increasing evidence indicates that IL-17 and IL-17-producing cells are involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases such as allergies,autoimmune diseases,allograft transplantation and even malignancy.They may also play protective roles in host defense against infectious diseases and promote induction of cytotoxic T lymphocyte(CTL)responses against cancer.Targeting of the IL-17 axis is under investigation for the treatment of inflammatory disorders.
基金supported by The National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81702972,Grant No.81874204)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2018M640305,Grant No.2019M660074)+4 种基金The Research Project of the Chinese Society of Neuro-oncology,CACA(Grant No.CSNO-2016-MSD12)Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.LBH-Z18103)The Research Project of the Health and Family Planning Commission of Heilongjiang Province(Grant No.2017–201)Postgraduate Research&Practice Innovation Program of Harbin Medical University(Grant No.YJSKYCX2018-94HYD)The Young and middle-aged Science Foundation of Harbin Medical University(Grant No.KYCX2018-08)。
文摘Objective:Neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs)produced by tumor-infiltrating neutrophils(TINs)are associated with poor prognosis in patients with several types of cancer.However,the mechanisms underlying the involvement of NETs in glioma progression remain largely unknown.This study aimed to elucidate the roles of NETs in biological processes that drive the crosstalk between glioma progression and the tumor microenvironment.Methods:Neutrophil infiltration and NETs formation were investigated in glioma tissue through immunohistochemistry,and their relationships with clinicopathological features and outcomes were statistically evaluated.The effects of NETs on glioma cell progression were studied in a co-culture system.In vivo and in vitro experiments validated the reactive oxygen species activity and cytokine production of TINs,as well as the ERK signaling pathway activation and the metastasis of gliomas.Results:Neutrophil infiltration and NETs formation were induced in high-grade glioma compared with low-grade glioma.NETs induced by TINs were determined to be an oncogenic marker of high-grade gliomas and to be involved in cell proliferation and invasion.NETs overproduction promoted glioma cell proliferation,migration,and invasion.Furthermore,HMGB1 was found to bind to RAGE and activate the NF-κB signaling pathway in vitro.In addition,NETs stimulated the NF-κB signaling pathway,thus promoting IL-8 secretion in glioblastoma.Subsequently,IL-8 recruited neutrophils which in turn mediated NETs formation via the PI3 K/AKT/ROS axis in TINs.Conclusions:Our results suggest that NETs produced by TINs mediate the crosstalk between glioma progression and the tumor microenvironment by regulating the HMGB1/RAGE/IL-8 axis.Targeting NETs formation or IL-8 secretion may be an effective approach to inhibit glioma progression.
基金Supported by The Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,No.20042135
文摘AIM： To investigate the role of nuclear factor kappa B （NF-κB） in the pathogenesis of lung injury induced by intestinal ischemia/reperfusion （I/R）, and its effect on intercellular adhesion molecule-1 （ICAM-1） expression and neutrophil infiltration. METHODS： Twenty-four Wistar rats were divided randomly into control, I/R and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate （PDTC） treatment groups, n = 8 in each. I/R group and PDTC treatment group received superior mysenteric artery （SMA） occluding for 1 h and reperfusion for 2 h. PDTC group was administrated with intraperitoneal injection of 2% 100 mg/kg PDTC 1 h before surgery. Lung histology and bronchia alveolus lung fluid （BALF） protein were assayed. Serum IL-6, lung malondialdehyde （MDA） and myeloperoxidase （MPO） as well as the expression level of NF-κB and ICAM-1 were measured.RESULTS： Lung injury induced by intestinal I/R, was characterized by edema, hemorrhage and neutrophil infiltration as well as by the significant rising of BALF protein. Compared to control group, the levels of serum IL-6 and lung MDA and MPO increased significantly in I/R group （P=0.001）. Strong positive expression of NF-κB p65 and ICAM-1 was observed. After the administration of PDTC, the level of serum IL-6, lung MDA and MPO as well as NF-κB and ICAM-1 decreased significantly （P〈 0.05） when compared to I/R group.CONCLUSION： The activation of NF-κB plays an important role in the pathogenesis of lung injury induced by intestinal I/R through upregulating the neutrophil infiltration and lung ICAM-1 expression. PDTC as an inhibitor of NF-κB can prevent lung injury induced by intestinal I/R through inhibiting the activity of NF-κB.
