CANopen是基于CAN(Controller Area Network)开发的应用层协议,CANopen网络可以根据具体通讯需求设置成多种通讯模式,提高了通讯效率和灵活性,为分布式控制提供了一种理想的网络系统,广泛应用于各种领域。本文着重介绍了CANopen协议的...CANopen是基于CAN(Controller Area Network)开发的应用层协议,CANopen网络可以根据具体通讯需求设置成多种通讯模式,提高了通讯效率和灵活性,为分布式控制提供了一种理想的网络系统,广泛应用于各种领域。本文着重介绍了CANopen协议的对象字典;不同的通讯模式和网络管理等重要概念,从CANopen应用中若干问题。展开更多
Google Brain提出了一种用于神经机器翻译(NMT)的简单模型Transformer,该模型完全基于注意力机制,避免使用循环神经网路(RNN),解决了RNN无法并行化的问题.本文在Transformer模型的基础上提出了基于词级权重(Word-Level Weights)的模型...Google Brain提出了一种用于神经机器翻译(NMT)的简单模型Transformer,该模型完全基于注意力机制,避免使用循环神经网路(RNN),解决了RNN无法并行化的问题.本文在Transformer模型的基础上提出了基于词级权重(Word-Level Weights)的模型改进方法,即根据不同单词在句子中的重要性通过神经网络自学习所获得相应的权重,将此权重与Transformer模型相结合.该方法提高了Transformer模型的稳定性和准确性,并在IWSLT16翻译任务中提高了模型的BLEU得分.展开更多
Macrophytes are usually chosen for phytoremediation tools to remove P in eutrophic aquatic ecosystems,but the lack of test methods hinders the understanding of removal mechanism and application.In this study,we used t...Macrophytes are usually chosen for phytoremediation tools to remove P in eutrophic aquatic ecosystems,but the lack of test methods hinders the understanding of removal mechanism and application.In this study,we used the novel technologies combined of Diffusive gradients in thin films(DGT),Planar optode(PO),and Non-invasive micro-test technology(NMT)to explore P dynamics in water-sediment continuum and rhizosphere of Potamogeton crispus over time.Results of the high-resolution in situ measurement showed that labile P(LPDGT)fluxes at the surficial sediment significantly decreased from approximate 120,140,and 200 pg/(cm^(2)·sec)via 30 days incubation period to 17,40,and 56 pg/(cm2•sec)via that of 15 days.Obvious synchronous increase of LPDGT was not detected in overlying water,suggesting the intense assimilation of dissolve reactive P via root over time.PO measurement indicated that O_(2)concentration around the rhizosphere remarkably increased and radially diffused into deeper sediment until 100%saturation along with the root stretch downwards.NMT detection of roots showed the obvious O_(2)inflow into root tissue with the uppermost flux of 30 pmol/(cm2•sec)from surroundings via aerenchyma on different treatment conditions.Different from previous reports,gradually saturating O_(2)concentrations around the rhizosphere was principally driven by O_(2)penetration through interspace attributing to root stretch downward rather than root O_(2)leakage.Increased O_(2)concentrations in deep sediment over time finally induced the oxidization of labile Fe(II)into Fe(III)bound P and local P immobilization.展开更多
文摘CANopen是基于CAN(Controller Area Network)开发的应用层协议,CANopen网络可以根据具体通讯需求设置成多种通讯模式,提高了通讯效率和灵活性,为分布式控制提供了一种理想的网络系统,广泛应用于各种领域。本文着重介绍了CANopen协议的对象字典;不同的通讯模式和网络管理等重要概念,从CANopen应用中若干问题。
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41503099,31971476)the CAS Interdisciplinary Innovation Team(No.JCTD-2018-16)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences,CAS(No.ZDBS-LYDQC018).
文摘Macrophytes are usually chosen for phytoremediation tools to remove P in eutrophic aquatic ecosystems,but the lack of test methods hinders the understanding of removal mechanism and application.In this study,we used the novel technologies combined of Diffusive gradients in thin films(DGT),Planar optode(PO),and Non-invasive micro-test technology(NMT)to explore P dynamics in water-sediment continuum and rhizosphere of Potamogeton crispus over time.Results of the high-resolution in situ measurement showed that labile P(LPDGT)fluxes at the surficial sediment significantly decreased from approximate 120,140,and 200 pg/(cm^(2)·sec)via 30 days incubation period to 17,40,and 56 pg/(cm2•sec)via that of 15 days.Obvious synchronous increase of LPDGT was not detected in overlying water,suggesting the intense assimilation of dissolve reactive P via root over time.PO measurement indicated that O_(2)concentration around the rhizosphere remarkably increased and radially diffused into deeper sediment until 100%saturation along with the root stretch downwards.NMT detection of roots showed the obvious O_(2)inflow into root tissue with the uppermost flux of 30 pmol/(cm2•sec)from surroundings via aerenchyma on different treatment conditions.Different from previous reports,gradually saturating O_(2)concentrations around the rhizosphere was principally driven by O_(2)penetration through interspace attributing to root stretch downward rather than root O_(2)leakage.Increased O_(2)concentrations in deep sediment over time finally induced the oxidization of labile Fe(II)into Fe(III)bound P and local P immobilization.
