测定了雷公藤总生物碱对小菜蛾和菜青虫的室内毒力,以及0.1%雷公藤生物碱乳油对两种害虫的田间防效。结果表明,雷公藤总生物碱对小菜蛾3龄幼虫48和72 h的LC50值分别为228.28和136.67 m g/L,对菜青虫5龄幼虫48和72 h的LC50值分别为307.61...测定了雷公藤总生物碱对小菜蛾和菜青虫的室内毒力,以及0.1%雷公藤生物碱乳油对两种害虫的田间防效。结果表明,雷公藤总生物碱对小菜蛾3龄幼虫48和72 h的LC50值分别为228.28和136.67 m g/L,对菜青虫5龄幼虫48和72 h的LC50值分别为307.61和238.18 m g/L;1.0%雷公藤生物碱乳油对小菜蛾的毒杀作用较强,其48和72 h的LC50值分别为69.62和20.35 m g/L,对菜青虫48和72 h的LC50值分别为93.18和44.62 m g/L。250倍稀释的雷公藤生物碱乳油(有效含量为40 m g/L)田间喷雾处理对小菜蛾和菜青虫均具有较好的防治效果,施药后7 d的防治效果分别为82.93%和82.71%,在本试验剂量范围内对作物安全。可见,雷公藤生物碱制品对两种蔬菜害虫控制效果显著。展开更多
Seed treatment with endophytic fungi has been regarded as an effective method for plant parasitic nematode control.Endophytic fungi from cucumber seedlings were isolated and screened for their potential to be used as ...Seed treatment with endophytic fungi has been regarded as an effective method for plant parasitic nematode control.Endophytic fungi from cucumber seedlings were isolated and screened for their potential to be used as seed treatment agents against Meloidogyne incognita.Among the 294 isolates screened,23 significantly reduced galls formed by M.incognita in greenhouse test.The 10 most effective isolates were Fusarium(5),Trichoderma(1),Chaetomium(1),Acremonium(1),Paecilomyces(1),and Phyllosticta(1) .Their control efficacies were repeatedly tested and their colonizations as well as in vitro activity against M.incognita were studied.They reduced the number of galls by 24.0%-58.4%in the first screening and 15.6%-44.3%in the repeated test,respectively.Phyllosticta Ph511 and Chaetomium Ch1001 had high colonizations on both the roots and the aboveground parts of cucumber seedlings.Fusarium isolates had colonization preference on the roots,their root colonizations ranging from 20.1%to 47.3%of the total root area.Trichoderma Tr882,Paecilomyces Pa972,and Acremonium Ac985 had low colonizations on both the roots and the aboveground parts.Acremonium Ac985,Chaetomium Ch1001,Paecilomyces Pa972,and Phyllosticta Ph511 produced compounds affecting motility of the second stage juveniles of M.incognita.Based on these results,Chae-tomium Ch1001 was considered to have the highest potential as a seed treatment agent for M.incognita biocontrol.展开更多
文摘测定了雷公藤总生物碱对小菜蛾和菜青虫的室内毒力,以及0.1%雷公藤生物碱乳油对两种害虫的田间防效。结果表明,雷公藤总生物碱对小菜蛾3龄幼虫48和72 h的LC50值分别为228.28和136.67 m g/L,对菜青虫5龄幼虫48和72 h的LC50值分别为307.61和238.18 m g/L;1.0%雷公藤生物碱乳油对小菜蛾的毒杀作用较强,其48和72 h的LC50值分别为69.62和20.35 m g/L,对菜青虫48和72 h的LC50值分别为93.18和44.62 m g/L。250倍稀释的雷公藤生物碱乳油(有效含量为40 m g/L)田间喷雾处理对小菜蛾和菜青虫均具有较好的防治效果,施药后7 d的防治效果分别为82.93%和82.71%,在本试验剂量范围内对作物安全。可见,雷公藤生物碱制品对两种蔬菜害虫控制效果显著。
基金Project supported by the German Academic Exchange Agency (DAAD),the China Scholarship Council(CSC),the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest(No.nyhezx07-050-6)the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province of China(No.2008C22062)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.R307396)
文摘Seed treatment with endophytic fungi has been regarded as an effective method for plant parasitic nematode control.Endophytic fungi from cucumber seedlings were isolated and screened for their potential to be used as seed treatment agents against Meloidogyne incognita.Among the 294 isolates screened,23 significantly reduced galls formed by M.incognita in greenhouse test.The 10 most effective isolates were Fusarium(5),Trichoderma(1),Chaetomium(1),Acremonium(1),Paecilomyces(1),and Phyllosticta(1) .Their control efficacies were repeatedly tested and their colonizations as well as in vitro activity against M.incognita were studied.They reduced the number of galls by 24.0%-58.4%in the first screening and 15.6%-44.3%in the repeated test,respectively.Phyllosticta Ph511 and Chaetomium Ch1001 had high colonizations on both the roots and the aboveground parts of cucumber seedlings.Fusarium isolates had colonization preference on the roots,their root colonizations ranging from 20.1%to 47.3%of the total root area.Trichoderma Tr882,Paecilomyces Pa972,and Acremonium Ac985 had low colonizations on both the roots and the aboveground parts.Acremonium Ac985,Chaetomium Ch1001,Paecilomyces Pa972,and Phyllosticta Ph511 produced compounds affecting motility of the second stage juveniles of M.incognita.Based on these results,Chae-tomium Ch1001 was considered to have the highest potential as a seed treatment agent for M.incognita biocontrol.
