Organophosphorus pesticides （OPs） are one of the most regular pollutants and frequently detected in the contaminated sites, so developing an efficient method for the treatment of OPs is highly required. The aim of t...Organophosphorus pesticides （OPs） are one of the most regular pollutants and frequently detected in the contaminated sites, so developing an efficient method for the treatment of OPs is highly required. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of persulfate （PS） activation and Fenton reaction in remediating the soil polluted with OPs. The polluted soil used in this study was sampled from an abandoned insecticide factory in Nantong, Jiangsu Province of China, mainly containing chloropyrifos （CP） and 4-bromo-2-chlorophenol （BCP, the raw material of profenofos） with total concentration of about 30 000 mg kg- 1. The results showed that both BCP and CP were efficiently degraded by base activation of PS, and increasing the ratio of NaOH/PS enhanced CP degradation, but slightly decreased BCP degradation. The greatest degradation rates for CP and BCP were 92% and 97%, respectively, with 7.0 tool L-1 NaOH and 0.21 tool L-1 PS and a soil-to-liquid ratio of 1：1. Furthermore, ferrous iron activation of PS also degraded BCP efficiently, but only 60% of CP was degraded under the same reaction conditions. These results indicated that base activation of PS was more feasible than Fe2＋ activation and Fenton reaction in remediating the soil polluted with OPs. The high degradation rate for CP may be linked to the initial hydrolyzation of CP by base to 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, which can be further rapidly degraded by free radicals generated from base activation of PS.展开更多
Osteoinductivity of porous calcium phosphate(CaP)ceramics has been widely investigated and confirmed,and it might be attributed to the rapid formation of the vascular networks after in vivo implantation of the ceramic...Osteoinductivity of porous calcium phosphate(CaP)ceramics has been widely investigated and confirmed,and it might be attributed to the rapid formation of the vascular networks after in vivo implantation of the ceramics.In this study,to explore the vascularization mechanism within the CaP ceramics,the migration and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)under the stimulation of porous biphasic calcium phosphate(BCP)ceramic with excellent osteoinductivity were systematically investigated.The results indicated that the directional migration of BMSCs toward BCP ceramic occurred when evaluated by using a transwell model,and the BMSCs migration was enhanced by the seeded macrophages on the ceramic in advance.Besides,by directly culturing BMSCs on BCP ceramic discs under both in vitro and in vivo physiological environment,it was found that the differentiation of BMSCs toward vascular endothelial cells(VECs)happened under the stimulation of BCP ceramic,as was confirmed by the up-regulated gene expressions and protein secretions of VECs-related characteristic factors,including kinase insert domain receptor,von willebrand factor,vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and cadherin 5 in the BMSCs.This study offered a possibility for explaining the origin of VECs during the rapid vascularization process after in vivo implantation of porous CaP ceramics and could give some useful guidance to reveal the vascularization mechanism of the ceramics.展开更多
β-Caryophyllene (BCP) is known as a common constitute of the essential oils of numerous food plants and primary component in Cannabis. In this study, we investigated the effect of local intraplantar (i.pl.) injection...β-Caryophyllene (BCP) is known as a common constitute of the essential oils of numerous food plants and primary component in Cannabis. In this study, we investigated the effect of local intraplantar (i.pl.) injection of BCP on mechanical hypersensitivity induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL) in mice. Relative to sham operation controls, mice with the PSNL displayed a maximum level of hyperresponsiveness to von Frey metallic filament on post-operative day 7. PSNL-induced allodynia was seen in the ipsilateral side of nerve ligation, but not in the contralateral side. The i.pl. injection of BCP into the ipsilateral hindpaw to PSNL attenuated mechanical allodynia in a dose-dependent manner. BCP injection into the contralateral hindpaw did not produce anti-allodynic effects, suggesting a local peripheral anti-allodynic effect of BCP. Anti-allodynic effects induced by i.pl. injection of BCP were prevented by pretreatment with the cannabinoid (CB2) receptor antagonist AM630, but not by the CB1 receptor antagonist AM251. These data suggest that i.pl. injection of BCP could produce anti-allodynia by activating peripheral CB2 receptors, but not CB1 receptors in a mouse model of neuropathic pain. Taken together, these results suggest that peripheral CB2 receptors may contribute to the effectiveness of BCP in the treatment of neuropathic pain disorders.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research Program of China (No. 2013CB934303)the Environmental Protection Program of Jiangsu Province of China (No. 2015011)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences (No. 2014270)
文摘Organophosphorus pesticides （OPs） are one of the most regular pollutants and frequently detected in the contaminated sites, so developing an efficient method for the treatment of OPs is highly required. The aim of the present study was to compare the effectiveness of persulfate （PS） activation and Fenton reaction in remediating the soil polluted with OPs. The polluted soil used in this study was sampled from an abandoned insecticide factory in Nantong, Jiangsu Province of China, mainly containing chloropyrifos （CP） and 4-bromo-2-chlorophenol （BCP, the raw material of profenofos） with total concentration of about 30 000 mg kg- 1. The results showed that both BCP and CP were efficiently degraded by base activation of PS, and increasing the ratio of NaOH/PS enhanced CP degradation, but slightly decreased BCP degradation. The greatest degradation rates for CP and BCP were 92% and 97%, respectively, with 7.0 tool L-1 NaOH and 0.21 tool L-1 PS and a soil-to-liquid ratio of 1：1. Furthermore, ferrous iron activation of PS also degraded BCP efficiently, but only 60% of CP was degraded under the same reaction conditions. These results indicated that base activation of PS was more feasible than Fe2＋ activation and Fenton reaction in remediating the soil polluted with OPs. The high degradation rate for CP may be linked to the initial hydrolyzation of CP by base to 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol, which can be further rapidly degraded by free radicals generated from base activation of PS.
基金This study was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31370973,31400819)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFC1102000,2016YFC1102003)the“111”Project of China(B16033).
文摘Osteoinductivity of porous calcium phosphate(CaP)ceramics has been widely investigated and confirmed,and it might be attributed to the rapid formation of the vascular networks after in vivo implantation of the ceramics.In this study,to explore the vascularization mechanism within the CaP ceramics,the migration and differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)under the stimulation of porous biphasic calcium phosphate(BCP)ceramic with excellent osteoinductivity were systematically investigated.The results indicated that the directional migration of BMSCs toward BCP ceramic occurred when evaluated by using a transwell model,and the BMSCs migration was enhanced by the seeded macrophages on the ceramic in advance.Besides,by directly culturing BMSCs on BCP ceramic discs under both in vitro and in vivo physiological environment,it was found that the differentiation of BMSCs toward vascular endothelial cells(VECs)happened under the stimulation of BCP ceramic,as was confirmed by the up-regulated gene expressions and protein secretions of VECs-related characteristic factors,including kinase insert domain receptor,von willebrand factor,vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and cadherin 5 in the BMSCs.This study offered a possibility for explaining the origin of VECs during the rapid vascularization process after in vivo implantation of porous CaP ceramics and could give some useful guidance to reveal the vascularization mechanism of the ceramics.
文摘β-Caryophyllene (BCP) is known as a common constitute of the essential oils of numerous food plants and primary component in Cannabis. In this study, we investigated the effect of local intraplantar (i.pl.) injection of BCP on mechanical hypersensitivity induced by partial sciatic nerve ligation (PSNL) in mice. Relative to sham operation controls, mice with the PSNL displayed a maximum level of hyperresponsiveness to von Frey metallic filament on post-operative day 7. PSNL-induced allodynia was seen in the ipsilateral side of nerve ligation, but not in the contralateral side. The i.pl. injection of BCP into the ipsilateral hindpaw to PSNL attenuated mechanical allodynia in a dose-dependent manner. BCP injection into the contralateral hindpaw did not produce anti-allodynic effects, suggesting a local peripheral anti-allodynic effect of BCP. Anti-allodynic effects induced by i.pl. injection of BCP were prevented by pretreatment with the cannabinoid (CB2) receptor antagonist AM630, but not by the CB1 receptor antagonist AM251. These data suggest that i.pl. injection of BCP could produce anti-allodynia by activating peripheral CB2 receptors, but not CB1 receptors in a mouse model of neuropathic pain. Taken together, these results suggest that peripheral CB2 receptors may contribute to the effectiveness of BCP in the treatment of neuropathic pain disorders.
