Diagenetic traps in conglomerate in nearshore subaqueous fans in the steep slope zones of rift basins have been important exploration targets for subtle reservoirs in eastern China. However, the mechanism of how those...Diagenetic traps in conglomerate in nearshore subaqueous fans in the steep slope zones of rift basins have been important exploration targets for subtle reservoirs in eastern China. However, the mechanism of how those traps were formed is not clear, which inhibits further exploration for this type of reservoir. In order to solve the problem, we take as an example nearshore subaqueous fans in the upper part of the fourth member of the Shahejie Formation （Es4s） on the north slope of the Minfeng Subsag in the Dongying Sag. Combining different research methods, such as core observation, thin section examination, scanning electron microscope （SEM） observation, fluid-inclusion analysis, carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of carbonate cements, and analysis of core properties, we studied the genetic mechanisms of diagenetic traps on the basis of diagenetic environment evolution and diagenetic evolution sequence in different sub/micro-facies. Conglomerate in Es4s in the north Minfeng Subsag experienced several periods of transition between alkaline and acidic environments as ＂alkaline-acidic-alkaline-acidic-weak alkaline＂. As a result, dissolution and cementation are also very complex, and the sequence is ＂early pyrite cementation / siderite cementation / gypsum cementation / calcite and dolomite cementation- feldspar dissolution / quartz overgrowth quartz dissolution / ferroan calcite cementation / ankerite cementation / lime-mud matrix recrystallization / feldspar overgrowth carbonate dissolution / feldspar dissolution / quartz overgrowth / pyrite cementation＂. The difference in sedimentary characteristics between different sub/micro-facies of nearshore subaqueous fans controls diagenetic characteristics. Inner fan conglomerates mainly experienced compaction and lime-mud matrix recrystallization, with weak dissolution, which led to a reduction in the porosity and permeability crucial to reservoir formation. Lime-mud matrix recrystallization results in a rapid decrease in porosity and permeability in inne展开更多
Inverted perovskite solar cells(PSCs) have attracted broad research and industrial interest owing to their suppressed hysteresis,cost-effectiveness,and easy-fabrication.However,the issue of non-radiative recombination...Inverted perovskite solar cells(PSCs) have attracted broad research and industrial interest owing to their suppressed hysteresis,cost-effectiveness,and easy-fabrication.However,the issue of non-radiative recombination losses at the n-type interface between the perovskite and fullerene has impeded further improvement of photovoltaic performance.Here,we modify the n-type interface of FAPbI_(3) perovskite films by constructing a stereochemical two-dimensional(2D) perovskite interlayer,in which the organic cations comprise both pyridine and ammonium groups.The pyridine N donor can create stable bonding with the surface-uncoordinated Pb on the perovskite,thereby passivating the shallow-level defects and enhancing the air stability of the film.Furthermore,the pyridine N donor also offers a positive polar interface to decrease the surface work function of the perovskite film,enabling n-type modification.Ultimately,we employ a p-i-n photovoltaic(PV) device with the positive dipole interlayer at perovskite/fullerene contact and achieve remarkable photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE) of 22.0%.展开更多
Accurate wind power prediction can scientifically arrange wind power output and timely adjust power system dispatching plans. Wind power is associated with its uncertainty,multi-frequency and nonlinearity for it is su...Accurate wind power prediction can scientifically arrange wind power output and timely adjust power system dispatching plans. Wind power is associated with its uncertainty,multi-frequency and nonlinearity for it is susceptible to climatic factors such as temperature, air pressure and wind speed.Therefore, this paper proposes a wind power prediction model combining multi-frequency combination and feature selection.Firstly, the variational mode decomposition(VMD) is used to decompose the wind power data, and the sub-components with different fluctuation characteristics are obtained and divided into high-, intermediate-, and low-frequency components according to their fluctuation characteristics. Then, a feature set including historical data of wind power and meteorological factors is established, which chooses the feature sets of each component by using the max-relevance and min-redundancy(m RMR) feature selection method based on mutual information selected from the above set. Each component and its corresponding feature set are used as an input set for prediction afterwards. Thereafter, the high-frequency input set is predicted using back propagation neural network(BPNN), and the intermediate-and low-frequency input sets are predicted using least squares support vector machine(LS-SVM). After obtaining the prediction results of each component, BPNN is used for integration to obtain the final predicted value of wind power, and the ramping rate is verified. Finally, through the comparison, it is found that the proposed model has higher prediction accuracy.展开更多
The development of Li-S batteries(LSBs)is hindered by the low utilization of S species and sluggish redox reaction kinetics.Polar metal oxides always possess high adsorption to polar S species,while conductive metal n...The development of Li-S batteries(LSBs)is hindered by the low utilization of S species and sluggish redox reaction kinetics.Polar metal oxides always possess high adsorption to polar S species,while conductive metal nitrides show fast electron transport and ensure fast redox reaction of S species.The combination merits of metal oxides and metal nitrides in one provide an effective strategy to improve the electrochemical performance of LSBs.In this work,defect design of niobium oxynitrides highly dispersed on graphene(NbON-G)is evaluated as effective trapper and catalyst for S species.Owning to the effective structural merits including enriched active sites,alleviated volume variation,defect modulated electronic property,and in-situ chemisorption and catalytic conversion of soluble lithium polysulfides(LiPSs),the LSBs with NbON-G modified separator show remarkably enhanced performance compared to NbN-G and Nb_(2)O_(5)-G.Surprisingly,even at low temperature of−40°C,the LSBs with NbON-G can operate for 1,000 cycles with 0.04%capacity decay per cycle(Rate:2 C).展开更多
We have prepared well-resolved Nb^(+)_(n)(n=1-10)clusters and report here an in-depth study on the es-sentially different reactivity with N_(2)and O_(2),by utilizing a multiple-ion laminar flow tube reactor in tandem ...We have prepared well-resolved Nb^(+)_(n)(n=1-10)clusters and report here an in-depth study on the es-sentially different reactivity with N_(2)and O_(2),by utilizing a multiple-ion laminar flow tube reactor in tandem with a customized triple quadrupole mass spectrometer(MIFT-TQMS).As results,the Nb^(+)_(n)clus-ters are found to readily react with N_(2)and form adsorption products Nb_(n)N^(+)_(2m);in contrast,the reactions with O_(2)give rise to Nb_(n)O^(+)_(1−4)products,and the odd-oxygen products indicate O-O bond dissociation,as well as increased mass abundance of NbO^(+)pertaining to oxygen-etching reactions.We illustrate how N_(2) prefers a physical adsorption on Nb^(+)_(n)clusters with an end-on orientation for all the products,and allow for size-selective Nb^(+)_(n)clusters to act as electron donor or acceptor in forming Nb_(n)N^(+)_(2m).In contrast to these nitrides,the dioxides Nb_(n)O+2display much larger binding energies,with O_(2)always as an electron acceptor,corresponding to superoxide or peroxide states in the initial reactions.Density-of-states and orbital anal-yses show that the interactions between Nb^(+)_(n)and O_(2)are dominated by strongπ-backdonation indicative of incidental electron transfer;whereas weakπ-backdonation and simultaneousσdonation interactions exist in Nb_(n)N^(+)_(2).Further,reaction dynamics analysis illustrates the different interactions for N_(2)and O_(2) in approaching the Nb^(+)_(n)clusters,showing the energy diagrams for N_(2)adsorption and O-O bond dissoci-ation in producing odd-oxygen products.Fragment analyses with orbital correlation and donor-acceptor charge transfer are also performed,giving rise to full insights into the reactivities and interactions of such transition metal clusters with typical diatomic molecules.展开更多
Exploring metal cluster reactivity with alkyl halides enables to understand the related chemical mechanism of metal surfaces in terms of active sites.Here we report a study of Ag_(n)^(+)(n=1-27)clusters reacting with ...Exploring metal cluster reactivity with alkyl halides enables to understand the related chemical mechanism of metal surfaces in terms of active sites.Here we report a study of Ag_(n)^(+)(n=1-27)clusters reacting with iodomethane by a flow tube apparatus in tandem with a customized triple quadrupole mass spectrometer.Strong even/odd alternation of the Ag_(n)^(+)is observed in their reactions with CH_(3)I,where silver clusters with even-number,Ag_(2n)^(+),find favorable products of Ag_(2n)I_(1,3)^(+)series,while the Ag_(2n−1)^(+)clusters form Ag_(2n−1)I_(2,4)^(+)products.Interestingly,Ag_(9)^(+)shows up with prominent mass abundance but allows for the formation of Ag_(9)I_(2)^(+),which finds an echo with the formation of Ag_(10)I_(3)^(+).We illustrate the enhanced stability of Ag_(9)I_(2)^(+)and Ag_(10)I_(3)^(+)by showing their significantly enlarged highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO)-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)gaps and balanced charge distribution compared with the bare metal clusters,respectively.Also elucidated,is the superatomic nature of these bare and iodinated silver clusters,especially Ag_(9)I_(2)^(+)which mimics the rare-gas compound XeF_(2).This study expands a vivid example of special and general superatoms,and enriches the general knowledge on how a ligand stabilizes a metal cluster.展开更多
In a moist atmosphere,the ageing process of aerosol can make the agglomerated soot particles compact,and cause them to be covered by a water coating.Based on the cluster‒cluster aggregation(CCA)algorithm,the models of...In a moist atmosphere,the ageing process of aerosol can make the agglomerated soot particles compact,and cause them to be covered by a water coating.Based on the cluster‒cluster aggregation(CCA)algorithm,the models of chain-like soot with water coatings(Models A to E)were generated in this study.The superposition T-matrix method was employed to calculate their optical properties at 337,550,860,and 1060 nm wavelengths,with a focus on the impact of the soot inclusion morphology and water coating.Our results indicate that for particles with a looser soot-inclusion structure,there is a larger difference in the scattering phase function between them and the corresponding particles with a spherical soot core.The largest relative difference reached 51.8%at 337 nm.Impacted by the size parameter,the extinction cross section(Cext),absorption cross section(Cabs),scattering cross section(Csca),and single scattering albedo(SSA)increased as the water coating radius(Rwater)increased and incidence wavelength decreased.The traditional assumption of a spherical soot core can cause the Cext,Cabs,and Csca to be overestimated,and cause the SSA to be underestimated when the incident wavelength is 337 nm.At 1060 nm,the assumption can cause the Cext,Cabs,and Csca to be underestimated,and lead the SSA to be overestimated.When the fractal dimension(Df)of chain-like soot inclusion increased from 1.8 to 2.6,the SSA of the particles with a Rwater of 0.20μm significantly decreased from 0.784 to 0.764 at 1060 nm.Moreover,the thickness of the water coating had a stronger effect on the particles with chain-like soot inclusion at 337 nm than that at 1060 nm.For the 337 nm wavelength,the difference between the Cext and Csca in Model B when Rwater=0.30 and 0.20μm was 0.588 and 0.587μm2,respectively.The differences were only 0.096 and 0.095μm2,respectively,for the 1060 nm wavelength.Based on the results calculated by the superposition T-matrix method,the ratios of P22(Θ)/P11(Θ)for chain-like soot with water coatings are not absolutely equal 展开更多
Advances in cluster science have enabled the preparation of atomically precise metal clusters with one to a hundred atoms under controllable expansion conditions.After introducing typical gas-phase cluster preparation...Advances in cluster science have enabled the preparation of atomically precise metal clusters with one to a hundred atoms under controllable expansion conditions.After introducing typical gas-phase cluster preparation and reaction apparatuses,this work summarized recent progress in preparing pure metal clusters of single-atom resolution,including neutral and ionic ones,with typical examples of Al,V,Nb,Fe,Co,Ni,Rh,Pt,Ag,Cu,and Pb.With the development of soft-landing deposition technology,the size-selective pure metal clusters with strict atomic precision and predictive property will benefit nanomanufacturing down to atomic and near-atomic scales.This work serves as a modest motivation to stimulate the interest of scientists focusing on interdisciplinary subjects.展开更多
针对含微型燃气轮机的微电网经济性与环保性协同优化问题,引入具有弃风弃光消纳和碳捕获能力的电转气(pow to gas,P2G)系统,提出了一种基于新型生物地理学优化算法(novel biogeography-based optimization,NBBO)的含P2G系统的微电网优...针对含微型燃气轮机的微电网经济性与环保性协同优化问题,引入具有弃风弃光消纳和碳捕获能力的电转气(pow to gas,P2G)系统,提出了一种基于新型生物地理学优化算法(novel biogeography-based optimization,NBBO)的含P2G系统的微电网优化调度模型。构建含P2G系统的微电网模型,并分析主要设备的工作原理;引入风机备用容量以降低风力发电随机性的影响;建立微电网运行成本最小的目标函数,运用提出的NBBO算法求解该目标函数。通过分析可知,含P2G系统的微电网可减少9.02%的发电成本,降低25.9%的含碳氧化物排放,验证了所提含P2G系统的微电网模型的可行性及改进算法的适用性和优越性。展开更多
基金co-funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (41102058)the National Science and Technology Special Grant (2011ZX05006-003)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (12CX04001A)
文摘Diagenetic traps in conglomerate in nearshore subaqueous fans in the steep slope zones of rift basins have been important exploration targets for subtle reservoirs in eastern China. However, the mechanism of how those traps were formed is not clear, which inhibits further exploration for this type of reservoir. In order to solve the problem, we take as an example nearshore subaqueous fans in the upper part of the fourth member of the Shahejie Formation （Es4s） on the north slope of the Minfeng Subsag in the Dongying Sag. Combining different research methods, such as core observation, thin section examination, scanning electron microscope （SEM） observation, fluid-inclusion analysis, carbon and oxygen isotope analysis of carbonate cements, and analysis of core properties, we studied the genetic mechanisms of diagenetic traps on the basis of diagenetic environment evolution and diagenetic evolution sequence in different sub/micro-facies. Conglomerate in Es4s in the north Minfeng Subsag experienced several periods of transition between alkaline and acidic environments as ＂alkaline-acidic-alkaline-acidic-weak alkaline＂. As a result, dissolution and cementation are also very complex, and the sequence is ＂early pyrite cementation / siderite cementation / gypsum cementation / calcite and dolomite cementation- feldspar dissolution / quartz overgrowth quartz dissolution / ferroan calcite cementation / ankerite cementation / lime-mud matrix recrystallization / feldspar overgrowth carbonate dissolution / feldspar dissolution / quartz overgrowth / pyrite cementation＂. The difference in sedimentary characteristics between different sub/micro-facies of nearshore subaqueous fans controls diagenetic characteristics. Inner fan conglomerates mainly experienced compaction and lime-mud matrix recrystallization, with weak dissolution, which led to a reduction in the porosity and permeability crucial to reservoir formation. Lime-mud matrix recrystallization results in a rapid decrease in porosity and permeability in inne
基金financially supported by the National Ten Thousand Talent Program for Young Top-notch Talent,China,the National Natural Science Fund for Excellent Young Scholars,China(52022030)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,China(51972111,52203330)+7 种基金the Shanghai Pilot Program for Basic Research,China(22TQ1400100-5)the “Dawn”Program of Shanghai Education Commission,China(22SG28)the Shanghai Municipal Natural Science Foundation,China(22ZR1418000)the Science and Technology Innovation Plan of Shanghai Science and Technology Commission,China(22YF1410000)the Postdoctoral Research Foundation of China,China(2021M701190)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(JKD01231632,JKVD1231041)the Major Science and Technology Projects of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,China(2021ZD0042)the Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterials,China(18DZ2252400)。
文摘Inverted perovskite solar cells(PSCs) have attracted broad research and industrial interest owing to their suppressed hysteresis,cost-effectiveness,and easy-fabrication.However,the issue of non-radiative recombination losses at the n-type interface between the perovskite and fullerene has impeded further improvement of photovoltaic performance.Here,we modify the n-type interface of FAPbI_(3) perovskite films by constructing a stereochemical two-dimensional(2D) perovskite interlayer,in which the organic cations comprise both pyridine and ammonium groups.The pyridine N donor can create stable bonding with the surface-uncoordinated Pb on the perovskite,thereby passivating the shallow-level defects and enhancing the air stability of the film.Furthermore,the pyridine N donor also offers a positive polar interface to decrease the surface work function of the perovskite film,enabling n-type modification.Ultimately,we employ a p-i-n photovoltaic(PV) device with the positive dipole interlayer at perovskite/fullerene contact and achieve remarkable photoelectric conversion efficiency(PCE) of 22.0%.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2016YFC0401409)the Research Fund of the State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region,Xi’ an University of Technology (No. 2019KJCXTD-5)+1 种基金the Key Research and Development Plan of Shaanxi Province (No. 2018-ZDCXL-GY-10-04)the Natural Science Basic Research Program of Shaanxi (No. 2019JLZ-15)。
文摘Accurate wind power prediction can scientifically arrange wind power output and timely adjust power system dispatching plans. Wind power is associated with its uncertainty,multi-frequency and nonlinearity for it is susceptible to climatic factors such as temperature, air pressure and wind speed.Therefore, this paper proposes a wind power prediction model combining multi-frequency combination and feature selection.Firstly, the variational mode decomposition(VMD) is used to decompose the wind power data, and the sub-components with different fluctuation characteristics are obtained and divided into high-, intermediate-, and low-frequency components according to their fluctuation characteristics. Then, a feature set including historical data of wind power and meteorological factors is established, which chooses the feature sets of each component by using the max-relevance and min-redundancy(m RMR) feature selection method based on mutual information selected from the above set. Each component and its corresponding feature set are used as an input set for prediction afterwards. Thereafter, the high-frequency input set is predicted using back propagation neural network(BPNN), and the intermediate-and low-frequency input sets are predicted using least squares support vector machine(LS-SVM). After obtaining the prediction results of each component, BPNN is used for integration to obtain the final predicted value of wind power, and the ramping rate is verified. Finally, through the comparison, it is found that the proposed model has higher prediction accuracy.
基金This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52102296)the Guangzhou Municipal Science and Technology Bureau(No.202102020055)+2 种基金the Science and Technology Program of Guangzhou(No.2019050001)Outstanding Youth Project of Guangdong Natural Science Foundation(No.2021B1515020051)Yunnan Expert Workstation(No.202005AF150028).
文摘The development of Li-S batteries(LSBs)is hindered by the low utilization of S species and sluggish redox reaction kinetics.Polar metal oxides always possess high adsorption to polar S species,while conductive metal nitrides show fast electron transport and ensure fast redox reaction of S species.The combination merits of metal oxides and metal nitrides in one provide an effective strategy to improve the electrochemical performance of LSBs.In this work,defect design of niobium oxynitrides highly dispersed on graphene(NbON-G)is evaluated as effective trapper and catalyst for S species.Owning to the effective structural merits including enriched active sites,alleviated volume variation,defect modulated electronic property,and in-situ chemisorption and catalytic conversion of soluble lithium polysulfides(LiPSs),the LSBs with NbON-G modified separator show remarkably enhanced performance compared to NbN-G and Nb_(2)O_(5)-G.Surprisingly,even at low temperature of−40°C,the LSBs with NbON-G can operate for 1,000 cycles with 0.04%capacity decay per cycle(Rate:2 C).
基金financially supported by the CAS Instrument Development Project (No.Y5294512C1)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.21722308)Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences (CAS No.QYZDBSSWSLH024)。
文摘We have prepared well-resolved Nb^(+)_(n)(n=1-10)clusters and report here an in-depth study on the es-sentially different reactivity with N_(2)and O_(2),by utilizing a multiple-ion laminar flow tube reactor in tandem with a customized triple quadrupole mass spectrometer(MIFT-TQMS).As results,the Nb^(+)_(n)clus-ters are found to readily react with N_(2)and form adsorption products Nb_(n)N^(+)_(2m);in contrast,the reactions with O_(2)give rise to Nb_(n)O^(+)_(1−4)products,and the odd-oxygen products indicate O-O bond dissociation,as well as increased mass abundance of NbO^(+)pertaining to oxygen-etching reactions.We illustrate how N_(2) prefers a physical adsorption on Nb^(+)_(n)clusters with an end-on orientation for all the products,and allow for size-selective Nb^(+)_(n)clusters to act as electron donor or acceptor in forming Nb_(n)N^(+)_(2m).In contrast to these nitrides,the dioxides Nb_(n)O+2display much larger binding energies,with O_(2)always as an electron acceptor,corresponding to superoxide or peroxide states in the initial reactions.Density-of-states and orbital anal-yses show that the interactions between Nb^(+)_(n)and O_(2)are dominated by strongπ-backdonation indicative of incidental electron transfer;whereas weakπ-backdonation and simultaneousσdonation interactions exist in Nb_(n)N^(+)_(2).Further,reaction dynamics analysis illustrates the different interactions for N_(2)and O_(2) in approaching the Nb^(+)_(n)clusters,showing the energy diagrams for N_(2)adsorption and O-O bond dissoci-ation in producing odd-oxygen products.Fragment analyses with orbital correlation and donor-acceptor charge transfer are also performed,giving rise to full insights into the reactivities and interactions of such transition metal clusters with typical diatomic molecules.
基金supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2020YFA0714602)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21722308,22003072)CAS Instrument Development Project(Y5294512C1)。
文摘Exploring metal cluster reactivity with alkyl halides enables to understand the related chemical mechanism of metal surfaces in terms of active sites.Here we report a study of Ag_(n)^(+)(n=1-27)clusters reacting with iodomethane by a flow tube apparatus in tandem with a customized triple quadrupole mass spectrometer.Strong even/odd alternation of the Ag_(n)^(+)is observed in their reactions with CH_(3)I,where silver clusters with even-number,Ag_(2n)^(+),find favorable products of Ag_(2n)I_(1,3)^(+)series,while the Ag_(2n−1)^(+)clusters form Ag_(2n−1)I_(2,4)^(+)products.Interestingly,Ag_(9)^(+)shows up with prominent mass abundance but allows for the formation of Ag_(9)I_(2)^(+),which finds an echo with the formation of Ag_(10)I_(3)^(+).We illustrate the enhanced stability of Ag_(9)I_(2)^(+)and Ag_(10)I_(3)^(+)by showing their significantly enlarged highest occupied molecular orbital(HOMO)-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO)gaps and balanced charge distribution compared with the bare metal clusters,respectively.Also elucidated,is the superatomic nature of these bare and iodinated silver clusters,especially Ag_(9)I_(2)^(+)which mimics the rare-gas compound XeF_(2).This study expands a vivid example of special and general superatoms,and enriches the general knowledge on how a ligand stabilizes a metal cluster.
文摘In a moist atmosphere,the ageing process of aerosol can make the agglomerated soot particles compact,and cause them to be covered by a water coating.Based on the cluster‒cluster aggregation(CCA)algorithm,the models of chain-like soot with water coatings(Models A to E)were generated in this study.The superposition T-matrix method was employed to calculate their optical properties at 337,550,860,and 1060 nm wavelengths,with a focus on the impact of the soot inclusion morphology and water coating.Our results indicate that for particles with a looser soot-inclusion structure,there is a larger difference in the scattering phase function between them and the corresponding particles with a spherical soot core.The largest relative difference reached 51.8%at 337 nm.Impacted by the size parameter,the extinction cross section(Cext),absorption cross section(Cabs),scattering cross section(Csca),and single scattering albedo(SSA)increased as the water coating radius(Rwater)increased and incidence wavelength decreased.The traditional assumption of a spherical soot core can cause the Cext,Cabs,and Csca to be overestimated,and cause the SSA to be underestimated when the incident wavelength is 337 nm.At 1060 nm,the assumption can cause the Cext,Cabs,and Csca to be underestimated,and lead the SSA to be overestimated.When the fractal dimension(Df)of chain-like soot inclusion increased from 1.8 to 2.6,the SSA of the particles with a Rwater of 0.20μm significantly decreased from 0.784 to 0.764 at 1060 nm.Moreover,the thickness of the water coating had a stronger effect on the particles with chain-like soot inclusion at 337 nm than that at 1060 nm.For the 337 nm wavelength,the difference between the Cext and Csca in Model B when Rwater=0.30 and 0.20μm was 0.588 and 0.587μm2,respectively.The differences were only 0.096 and 0.095μm2,respectively,for the 1060 nm wavelength.Based on the results calculated by the superposition T-matrix method,the ratios of P22(Θ)/P11(Θ)for chain-like soot with water coatings are not absolutely equal
基金the Ministry of Science and Technology of the People's Republic of China(No.2020YFA0714602)the National Natural ScienceFoundationof China(Grant No.21722308and 22003072),the Key Research Program of CAS Frontier Sciences(CAS Grant QYZDBSSWSLHO024)+1 种基金the National Project Development of Advanced Scientific Instruments Based on Deep Ultraviolet Laser Source(Y31M0112C1)and the CAS Instrument Development Project(Y5294512C1).
文摘Advances in cluster science have enabled the preparation of atomically precise metal clusters with one to a hundred atoms under controllable expansion conditions.After introducing typical gas-phase cluster preparation and reaction apparatuses,this work summarized recent progress in preparing pure metal clusters of single-atom resolution,including neutral and ionic ones,with typical examples of Al,V,Nb,Fe,Co,Ni,Rh,Pt,Ag,Cu,and Pb.With the development of soft-landing deposition technology,the size-selective pure metal clusters with strict atomic precision and predictive property will benefit nanomanufacturing down to atomic and near-atomic scales.This work serves as a modest motivation to stimulate the interest of scientists focusing on interdisciplinary subjects.
文摘针对含微型燃气轮机的微电网经济性与环保性协同优化问题,引入具有弃风弃光消纳和碳捕获能力的电转气(pow to gas,P2G)系统,提出了一种基于新型生物地理学优化算法(novel biogeography-based optimization,NBBO)的含P2G系统的微电网优化调度模型。构建含P2G系统的微电网模型,并分析主要设备的工作原理;引入风机备用容量以降低风力发电随机性的影响;建立微电网运行成本最小的目标函数,运用提出的NBBO算法求解该目标函数。通过分析可知,含P2G系统的微电网可减少9.02%的发电成本,降低25.9%的含碳氧化物排放,验证了所提含P2G系统的微电网模型的可行性及改进算法的适用性和优越性。
