Malnutrition is a common comorbidity among patients with cancer.However,no nutrition-screening tool has been recognized in this population.A quick and easy screening tool for nutrition with high sensitivity and easy-t...Malnutrition is a common comorbidity among patients with cancer.However,no nutrition-screening tool has been recognized in this population.A quick and easy screening tool for nutrition with high sensitivity and easy-to-use is needed.Based on the previous 25 nutrition-screening tools,the Delphi method was made by the members of the Chinese Society of Nutritional Oncology to choose the most useful item from each category.According to these results,we built a nutrition-screening tool named age,intake,weight,and walking(AIWW).Malnutrition was defined based on the scored patient-generated subjective global assessment(PG-SGA).Concurrent validity was evaluated using the Kendall tau coefficient and kappa consistency between the malnutrition risks of AIWW,nutritional risk screening 2002(NRS-2002),and malnutrition screening tool(MST).Clinical benefit was calculated by the decision curve analysis(DCA),integrated discrimination improvement(IDI),and continuous net reclassification improvement(c NRI).A total of 11,360 patients(male,n=6,024(53.0%)were included in the final study cohort,and 6,363 patients had malnutrition based on PG-SGA.Based on AIWW,NRS-2002,and MST,7,545,3,469,and1,840 patients were at risk of malnutrition,respectively.The sensitivities of AIWW,NRS-2002,and MST risks were 0.910,0.531,and 0.285,and the specificities were 0.768,0.946,and 0.975.The Kendall tau coefficients of AIWW,NRS-2002,and MST risks were 0.588,0.501,and 0.326,respectively.The area under the curve of AIWW,NRS-2002,and MST risks were0.785,0.739,and 0.630,respectively.The IDI,c NRI,and DCA showed that AIWW is non-inferior to NRS-2002(IDI:0.002(-0.009,0.013),c NRI:-0.015(-0.049,0.020)).AIWW scores can also predict the survival of patients with cancer.The missed diagnosis rates of AIWW,NRS-2002,and MST were 0.09%,49.0%,and 73.2%,respectively.AIWW showed a better nutritionscreening effect than NRS-2002 and MST for patients with cancer and could be recommended as an alternative nutritionscreening tool for this population.展开更多
High-performance nondoped organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)are promising technologies for future commercial applications.Herein,we synthesized two new thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)emitters that ena...High-performance nondoped organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)are promising technologies for future commercial applications.Herein,we synthesized two new thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)emitters that enable us,for the first time,to combine three effective approaches for enhancing the efficiency of nondoped OLEDs.First,the two emitters are designed to have high steric hindrances such that their emitting cores will be suitably isolated from those of their neighbors to minimize concentration quenching.On the other hand,each of the two emitters has two stable conformations in solid films.In their neat films,molecules with the minority conformation behave effectively as dopants in the matrix composing of the majority conformation.One hundred percent exciton harvesting is thus theoretically feasible in this unique architecture of“self-doped”neat films.Furthermore,both emitters have relatively high aspect ratios in terms of their molecular shapes.This leads to films with preferred molecular orientations enabling high populations of horizontal dipoles beneficial for optical outcoupling.With these three factors,OLEDs with nondoped emitting layers of the respective emitters both achieve nearly 100%exciton utilization and deliver over 30%external quantum efficiencies and ultralow efficiency roll-off at high brightness,which have not been observed in reported nondoped OLEDs.展开更多
Single-molecule luminophores with dual-thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)properties are receiving increasing attention.However,how to achieve these goals requires more in-depth studies.Herein,we demonstrat...Single-molecule luminophores with dual-thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)properties are receiving increasing attention.However,how to achieve these goals requires more in-depth studies.Herein,we demonstrate a novel example emitter,10-(5-(2-(pyridin-3-yl)-[4,5′-bipyrimidin]-6-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-10Hphenoxazine(PmPy-PXZ),enabling dual-TADF properties due to its key feature of conformational isomerization.Introducing a pyridine bridge can greatly reduce the steric hindrance and facilitate dual-stable conformations in the ground state,where the quasi-axial(QA)forms predominate.Moreover,unlike previously reported TADF molecules with dual confirmations,both theoretical and experimental measurements show that not only the quasi-equatorial(QE)forms but also the QA forms exhibit distinct TADF characteristics,which can be attributed to an additional higher reverse intersystem crossing pathway.This is the first time that dual-TADF properties of single molecules have been achieved based on conformational isomerism.Its applications in“self-doping”organic light-emitting diode and biomedical imaging have further been investigated.All these results show the good potential of such dual-band TADF emitters based on molecular conformational isomerization.展开更多
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)materials with aggregationinduced emission(AIE)features can overcome aggregation-caused quenching(ACQ)and emit intensely in aggregate states and thus have attracted enormo...Thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)materials with aggregationinduced emission(AIE)features can overcome aggregation-caused quenching(ACQ)and emit intensely in aggregate states and thus have attracted enormous attention in the fields of high-efficiency organic light-emitting diodes,bioimaging,photodynamic therapy,photocatalysis,etc.However,their corresponding exact working mechanisms at the microscopic level are still far from clear.Herein,by carefully investigating the physical properties of our newly designed TADF material 6-(10H-spiro[acridine-9,9′-fluoren]-10-yl)nicotinonitrile in various states,we concluded that conformational isomerization plays an important role in realizing high photoluminescence quantum yields in its amorphous neat film state,in which the high-lying quasi-axial conformations with non-TADF features and low-lying quasiequal conformations with TADF characteristics serve as the host matrix and dopant,respectively,thus suppressing ACQ in disordered aggregate states.Our work not only offers a new possible microscopic mechanism by using conformational isomerization for the AIE-TADF phenomenon but also provides a novel method for designing high-efficiency AIE-TADF emitters.展开更多
Observing GeV gamma-rays is an important goal of the DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE)for indirect dark matter searching and high energy astrophysics. In this work, we present a set of accurate instrument response ...Observing GeV gamma-rays is an important goal of the DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE)for indirect dark matter searching and high energy astrophysics. In this work, we present a set of accurate instrument response functions for DAMPE(DmpIRFs) including the effective area, point-spread function and energy dispersion, which are crucial for gamma-ray data analysis based on statistics from simulation data. A dedicated software named DmpST is developed to facilitate the scientific analyses of DAMPE gamma-ray data. Considering the limited number of photons and angular resolution of DAMPE, the maximum likelihood method is adopted in DmpST to better disentangle different source components. The basic mathematics and framework regarding this software are also introduced in this paper.展开更多
An optimized compound 9-(9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9 H)-yl)-6 H-benzo[c]ch-romen-6-one(MAB) was designed and synthesized based on our previously reported TADF emitter 6-(9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9 H)-yl)-3-methyl-1 H-isoch...An optimized compound 9-(9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9 H)-yl)-6 H-benzo[c]ch-romen-6-one(MAB) was designed and synthesized based on our previously reported TADF emitter 6-(9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9 H)-yl)-3-methyl-1 H-isochromen-1-one(MAC) to further improve the performance of thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)emitters. With the additional phenyl in coumarin-contained plane, MAB possesses an extended distribution of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals(LUMO), and thus realizes reduced electron exchange between the frontier molecular orbitals and a stretched molecular dipole moment compared with MAC. MAB based organic light-emitting diode(OLED)exhibits a remarkable maximum external quantum efficiency(EQE) of 21.7%, which is much better than the maximum EQE of MAC-based OLED with a value of 12.8%. Our work proves that extending the distribution of LUMO is a simple but effective method to improve the efficiency of TADF emitter.展开更多
Precise measurements of the energy spectra of cosmic rays(CRs)show various kinds of features deviating from single power-laws,which give very interesting and important implications on their origin and propagation.Prev...Precise measurements of the energy spectra of cosmic rays(CRs)show various kinds of features deviating from single power-laws,which give very interesting and important implications on their origin and propagation.Previous measurements from a few balloon and space experiments indicate the existence of spectral softenings around 10 TV for protons(and probably also for Helium nuclei).Very recently,the DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE)measurement about the proton spectrum clearly reveals such a softening with a high significance.Here we study the implications of these new measurements,as well as the groundbased indirect measurements,on the origin of CRs.We find that a single component of CRs fails to fit the spectral softening and the air shower experiment data simultaneously.In the framework of multiple components,we discuss two possible scenarios,the multiple source population scenario and the background plus nearby source scenario.Both scenarios give reasonable fits to the wide-band data from TeV to 100 PeV energies.Considering the anisotropy observations,the nearby source model is favored.展开更多
By connecting tercarbazole(3 Cz)and triphenyltriazine(TRz)units with a diphenyl ether group,we designed and synthesized a new donor-spacer-acceptor structure molecule9’-(4-(4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenoxy)...By connecting tercarbazole(3 Cz)and triphenyltriazine(TRz)units with a diphenyl ether group,we designed and synthesized a new donor-spacer-acceptor structure molecule9’-(4-(4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenoxy)phenyl)-9’H-9,3’:6’,9"-tercarbazole(3 Cz-o-TRz)as the multifunctional component of exciplex emitters.As expected,the intermolecular charge-transfer transition is dominant for3 Cz-o-TRz because of the space-enough and conjugation-forbidden linkage of the diphenyl ether group,increasing the intrinsic characteristics of the 3 Cz and TRz moieties in its single-molecule state.Accordingly,three common electron acceptors(4,6-bis(3,5-di(pyridin-3-yl)phenyl)-2-methylpyrimidine(B3 PyMPm),4,6-bis(3,5-di(pyridin-4-yl)phenyl)-2-methylpyrimidine(B4 PyMPm),and(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris(benzene-3,1-diyl)tris(diphenylphosphineoxide)(POT2 T))and three common electron donors(4,4’-(cyclohexane-1,1-diyl)bis(N,N-di-p-tolylaniline)(TAPC),tris(4-(10 H-phenoxazin-10-yl)phenyl)amine(TPA-PXZ),and N1-phenyl-N4,N4-bis(4-(phenyl(m-tolyl)amino)phenyl)-N1-(m-tolyl)benzene-1,4-diamine(m-MTDATA))were chosen to construct six exciplex emitters with 3 Cz-o-TRz.In the organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs),the emission spectra of these exciplex emitters could be gradually modulated from 510 to 590 nm.In addition,TAPC:3 Cz-o-TRz-and 3 Cz-o-TRz:PO-T2 T-based OLEDs achieved desirable performance with maximum external quantum efficiencies(EQEs)around 12%.Moreover,a simple tandem OLED containing TAPC:3 Cz-o-TRz and 3 Czo-TRz:PO-T2 T emitters realized optimal performance with an ultralow turn-on voltage of 2.4 V and a maximum EQE of14.1%.These results indicate the great potential of the donorspacer-acceptor structure compounds in developing exciplex emitters.展开更多
Secondary amyloid A amyloidosis,a lethal complication,is induced when acute or chronic infection coexists with over-secretion of the serum amyloid A 1(SAA1)protein and deposition in key internal organs.Previously,usin...Secondary amyloid A amyloidosis,a lethal complication,is induced when acute or chronic infection coexists with over-secretion of the serum amyloid A 1(SAA1)protein and deposition in key internal organs.Previously,using the whole-exome sequencing method,we identified a novel deleterious mutation SAA1.2 in rheumatoid arthritis(RA)patients.However,the role of SAA1 in RA pathogenesis and its complications remains unknown.The purpose of this study was to determine the pathogenetic roles of SAA1 protein isoforms in RA progression.We modified an experimental adenovirus infection protocol to introduce SAA1.2 gene alleles into the knee joints of mice and used SAA1.3 and SAA1.5 as controls.Microcomputed tomography analysis was applied to determine changes in bone morphology and density.Immunohistochemical(IHC)analysis,flow cytometry,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)were used to investigate disease progression and cytokine alterations in the course of adenoviral SAA-induced knee joint inflammation and bone destruction.We found that the arthritis-inducing effect of SAA1.2 transcription in the knee joints and mutant SAA1 protein secretion in blood resulted in the stimulation of immune responses,leading to CD8^(+)T cell and pro-inflammatory cytokine elevation,such as interleukin(IL)-6,IL-22,matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-3,MMP-9,with subsequent synovial inflammation and bone destruction.These findings indicate that SAA1 protein isoforms,particularly SAA1.2,play a significant role in the induction and progression of RA and may have potential value in the early diagnosis and severity prediction of RA.展开更多
The Plastic Scintillator Detector(PSD) onboard the DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE)is designed to measure cosmic ray charge(Z) and to act as a veto detector for gamma ray identification.To fully exploit the charge...The Plastic Scintillator Detector(PSD) onboard the DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE)is designed to measure cosmic ray charge(Z) and to act as a veto detector for gamma ray identification.To fully exploit the charge identification potential of PSD and to enhance its capability to identify gamma ray events, we develop an alignment method for the PSD. The path length of a given track in the volume of a PSD bar is derived taking into account the shift and rotation alignment corrections. By examining energy spectra of corner-passing events and fully contained events, position shifts and rotations of all PSD bars are obtained, and are found to be on average about 1 mm and 0.0015 radian respectively. To validate the alignment method, we introduce artificial shifts and rotations of PSD bars into the detector simulation.These shift and rotation parameters can be recovered successfully by the alignment procedure. As a result of the PSD alignment procedure, the charge resolution of the PSD is improved from 4% to 8%, depending on the nuclei.展开更多
Within the framework of the two-center shell model,the classically dynamical behaviour of a nucleon in heavy nuclei is investigated when nuclear shape parameters are changed systematically.It is found that there is a ...Within the framework of the two-center shell model,the classically dynamical behaviour of a nucleon in heavy nuclei is investigated when nuclear shape parameters are changed systematically.It is found that there is a good quantum-classical correspondence of nucleonic regular(chaotic)motion so that Bohigas,Giannoni and Schmit conjecture is confirmed once again.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Beijing Municipal Science and Technology Commission(D181100000218004)General Surgery Clinical Medical Center of Yunnan Province(ZX2019-03-03)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2009600)。
文摘Malnutrition is a common comorbidity among patients with cancer.However,no nutrition-screening tool has been recognized in this population.A quick and easy screening tool for nutrition with high sensitivity and easy-to-use is needed.Based on the previous 25 nutrition-screening tools,the Delphi method was made by the members of the Chinese Society of Nutritional Oncology to choose the most useful item from each category.According to these results,we built a nutrition-screening tool named age,intake,weight,and walking(AIWW).Malnutrition was defined based on the scored patient-generated subjective global assessment(PG-SGA).Concurrent validity was evaluated using the Kendall tau coefficient and kappa consistency between the malnutrition risks of AIWW,nutritional risk screening 2002(NRS-2002),and malnutrition screening tool(MST).Clinical benefit was calculated by the decision curve analysis(DCA),integrated discrimination improvement(IDI),and continuous net reclassification improvement(c NRI).A total of 11,360 patients(male,n=6,024(53.0%)were included in the final study cohort,and 6,363 patients had malnutrition based on PG-SGA.Based on AIWW,NRS-2002,and MST,7,545,3,469,and1,840 patients were at risk of malnutrition,respectively.The sensitivities of AIWW,NRS-2002,and MST risks were 0.910,0.531,and 0.285,and the specificities were 0.768,0.946,and 0.975.The Kendall tau coefficients of AIWW,NRS-2002,and MST risks were 0.588,0.501,and 0.326,respectively.The area under the curve of AIWW,NRS-2002,and MST risks were0.785,0.739,and 0.630,respectively.The IDI,c NRI,and DCA showed that AIWW is non-inferior to NRS-2002(IDI:0.002(-0.009,0.013),c NRI:-0.015(-0.049,0.020)).AIWW scores can also predict the survival of patients with cancer.The missed diagnosis rates of AIWW,NRS-2002,and MST were 0.09%,49.0%,and 73.2%,respectively.AIWW showed a better nutritionscreening effect than NRS-2002 and MST for patients with cancer and could be recommended as an alternative nutritionscreening tool for this population.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:51821002,52003185,52003186,52130304National Key Research&Development Program of China,Grant/Award Numbers:2020YFA0714601,2020YFA0714604+2 种基金Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nano&Soft MaterialsCollaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science&Technologythe 111 Project。
文摘High-performance nondoped organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs)are promising technologies for future commercial applications.Herein,we synthesized two new thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)emitters that enable us,for the first time,to combine three effective approaches for enhancing the efficiency of nondoped OLEDs.First,the two emitters are designed to have high steric hindrances such that their emitting cores will be suitably isolated from those of their neighbors to minimize concentration quenching.On the other hand,each of the two emitters has two stable conformations in solid films.In their neat films,molecules with the minority conformation behave effectively as dopants in the matrix composing of the majority conformation.One hundred percent exciton harvesting is thus theoretically feasible in this unique architecture of“self-doped”neat films.Furthermore,both emitters have relatively high aspect ratios in terms of their molecular shapes.This leads to films with preferred molecular orientations enabling high populations of horizontal dipoles beneficial for optical outcoupling.With these three factors,OLEDs with nondoped emitting layers of the respective emitters both achieve nearly 100%exciton utilization and deliver over 30%external quantum efficiencies and ultralow efficiency roll-off at high brightness,which have not been observed in reported nondoped OLEDs.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.52003186,52130304,51821002,and 52003185)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant nos.2020YFA0714601 and 2020YFA0714604)+1 种基金the Science and Technology Project of Suzhou(grant no.ZXL2022490)the Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nano&Soft Materials,the Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology,and the 111 Project.
文摘Single-molecule luminophores with dual-thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)properties are receiving increasing attention.However,how to achieve these goals requires more in-depth studies.Herein,we demonstrate a novel example emitter,10-(5-(2-(pyridin-3-yl)-[4,5′-bipyrimidin]-6-yl)pyridin-2-yl)-10Hphenoxazine(PmPy-PXZ),enabling dual-TADF properties due to its key feature of conformational isomerization.Introducing a pyridine bridge can greatly reduce the steric hindrance and facilitate dual-stable conformations in the ground state,where the quasi-axial(QA)forms predominate.Moreover,unlike previously reported TADF molecules with dual confirmations,both theoretical and experimental measurements show that not only the quasi-equatorial(QE)forms but also the QA forms exhibit distinct TADF characteristics,which can be attributed to an additional higher reverse intersystem crossing pathway.This is the first time that dual-TADF properties of single molecules have been achieved based on conformational isomerism.Its applications in“self-doping”organic light-emitting diode and biomedical imaging have further been investigated.All these results show the good potential of such dual-band TADF emitters based on molecular conformational isomerization.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:52130304,51821002,52003185,52003186National Key Research&Development Program of China,Grant/Award Numbers:2020YFA0714601,2020YFA0714604+3 种基金Suzhou Key Laboratory of Functional Nano&Soft MaterialsCollaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science&Technologythe 111 ProjectJoint International Research Laboratory of Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices。
文摘Thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)materials with aggregationinduced emission(AIE)features can overcome aggregation-caused quenching(ACQ)and emit intensely in aggregate states and thus have attracted enormous attention in the fields of high-efficiency organic light-emitting diodes,bioimaging,photodynamic therapy,photocatalysis,etc.However,their corresponding exact working mechanisms at the microscopic level are still far from clear.Herein,by carefully investigating the physical properties of our newly designed TADF material 6-(10H-spiro[acridine-9,9′-fluoren]-10-yl)nicotinonitrile in various states,we concluded that conformational isomerization plays an important role in realizing high photoluminescence quantum yields in its amorphous neat film state,in which the high-lying quasi-axial conformations with non-TADF features and low-lying quasiequal conformations with TADF characteristics serve as the host matrix and dopant,respectively,thus suppressing ACQ in disordered aggregate states.Our work not only offers a new possible microscopic mechanism by using conformational isomerization for the AIE-TADF phenomenon but also provides a novel method for designing high-efficiency AIE-TADF emitters.
基金supported in part by the National Key Program for Research and Development (2016YFA0400200)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB23040000)+3 种基金the 13th Five-year Informatization Plan of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XXH13506)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. U1631111, U1738123, U1738136 and U1738210)Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program
文摘Observing GeV gamma-rays is an important goal of the DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE)for indirect dark matter searching and high energy astrophysics. In this work, we present a set of accurate instrument response functions for DAMPE(DmpIRFs) including the effective area, point-spread function and energy dispersion, which are crucial for gamma-ray data analysis based on statistics from simulation data. A dedicated software named DmpST is developed to facilitate the scientific analyses of DAMPE gamma-ray data. Considering the limited number of photons and angular resolution of DAMPE, the maximum likelihood method is adopted in DmpST to better disentangle different source components. The basic mathematics and framework regarding this software are also introduced in this paper.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51773029, 51533005 and 51373190)the National Key Research & Development Program of China (2016YFB0401002)+1 种基金Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science & Technology, the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions (PAPD)the 111 Project and Qing Lan Project, China
文摘An optimized compound 9-(9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9 H)-yl)-6 H-benzo[c]ch-romen-6-one(MAB) was designed and synthesized based on our previously reported TADF emitter 6-(9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9 H)-yl)-3-methyl-1 H-isochromen-1-one(MAC) to further improve the performance of thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)emitters. With the additional phenyl in coumarin-contained plane, MAB possesses an extended distribution of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals(LUMO), and thus realizes reduced electron exchange between the frontier molecular orbitals and a stretched molecular dipole moment compared with MAC. MAB based organic light-emitting diode(OLED)exhibits a remarkable maximum external quantum efficiency(EQE) of 21.7%, which is much better than the maximum EQE of MAC-based OLED with a value of 12.8%. Our work proves that extending the distribution of LUMO is a simple but effective method to improve the efficiency of TADF emitter.
基金the Na-tional Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2016YFA0400200)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.11722328,11525313,U1738205,and 11851305)the 100 Talents Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Precise measurements of the energy spectra of cosmic rays(CRs)show various kinds of features deviating from single power-laws,which give very interesting and important implications on their origin and propagation.Previous measurements from a few balloon and space experiments indicate the existence of spectral softenings around 10 TV for protons(and probably also for Helium nuclei).Very recently,the DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE)measurement about the proton spectrum clearly reveals such a softening with a high significance.Here we study the implications of these new measurements,as well as the groundbased indirect measurements,on the origin of CRs.We find that a single component of CRs fails to fit the spectral softening and the air shower experiment data simultaneously.In the framework of multiple components,we discuss two possible scenarios,the multiple source population scenario and the background plus nearby source scenario.Both scenarios give reasonable fits to the wide-band data from TeV to 100 PeV energies.Considering the anisotropy observations,the nearby source model is favored.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51773029,52073040,51533005 and 51821002)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(ZYGX2016Z010)the International Cooperation and Exchange Project of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(2019YFH0057 and 2019YFH0059)。
文摘By connecting tercarbazole(3 Cz)and triphenyltriazine(TRz)units with a diphenyl ether group,we designed and synthesized a new donor-spacer-acceptor structure molecule9’-(4-(4-(4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)phenoxy)phenyl)-9’H-9,3’:6’,9"-tercarbazole(3 Cz-o-TRz)as the multifunctional component of exciplex emitters.As expected,the intermolecular charge-transfer transition is dominant for3 Cz-o-TRz because of the space-enough and conjugation-forbidden linkage of the diphenyl ether group,increasing the intrinsic characteristics of the 3 Cz and TRz moieties in its single-molecule state.Accordingly,three common electron acceptors(4,6-bis(3,5-di(pyridin-3-yl)phenyl)-2-methylpyrimidine(B3 PyMPm),4,6-bis(3,5-di(pyridin-4-yl)phenyl)-2-methylpyrimidine(B4 PyMPm),and(1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triyl)tris(benzene-3,1-diyl)tris(diphenylphosphineoxide)(POT2 T))and three common electron donors(4,4’-(cyclohexane-1,1-diyl)bis(N,N-di-p-tolylaniline)(TAPC),tris(4-(10 H-phenoxazin-10-yl)phenyl)amine(TPA-PXZ),and N1-phenyl-N4,N4-bis(4-(phenyl(m-tolyl)amino)phenyl)-N1-(m-tolyl)benzene-1,4-diamine(m-MTDATA))were chosen to construct six exciplex emitters with 3 Cz-o-TRz.In the organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs),the emission spectra of these exciplex emitters could be gradually modulated from 510 to 590 nm.In addition,TAPC:3 Cz-o-TRz-and 3 Cz-o-TRz:PO-T2 T-based OLEDs achieved desirable performance with maximum external quantum efficiencies(EQEs)around 12%.Moreover,a simple tandem OLED containing TAPC:3 Cz-o-TRz and 3 Czo-TRz:PO-T2 T emitters realized optimal performance with an ultralow turn-on voltage of 2.4 V and a maximum EQE of14.1%.These results indicate the great potential of the donorspacer-acceptor structure compounds in developing exciplex emitters.
基金funded by The Science and Technology Development Fund,Macao SAR(FDCT-FDCT-17-002-SKL)。
文摘Secondary amyloid A amyloidosis,a lethal complication,is induced when acute or chronic infection coexists with over-secretion of the serum amyloid A 1(SAA1)protein and deposition in key internal organs.Previously,using the whole-exome sequencing method,we identified a novel deleterious mutation SAA1.2 in rheumatoid arthritis(RA)patients.However,the role of SAA1 in RA pathogenesis and its complications remains unknown.The purpose of this study was to determine the pathogenetic roles of SAA1 protein isoforms in RA progression.We modified an experimental adenovirus infection protocol to introduce SAA1.2 gene alleles into the knee joints of mice and used SAA1.3 and SAA1.5 as controls.Microcomputed tomography analysis was applied to determine changes in bone morphology and density.Immunohistochemical(IHC)analysis,flow cytometry,enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),and real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR)were used to investigate disease progression and cytokine alterations in the course of adenoviral SAA-induced knee joint inflammation and bone destruction.We found that the arthritis-inducing effect of SAA1.2 transcription in the knee joints and mutant SAA1 protein secretion in blood resulted in the stimulation of immune responses,leading to CD8^(+)T cell and pro-inflammatory cytokine elevation,such as interleukin(IL)-6,IL-22,matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-3,MMP-9,with subsequent synovial inflammation and bone destruction.These findings indicate that SAA1 protein isoforms,particularly SAA1.2,play a significant role in the induction and progression of RA and may have potential value in the early diagnosis and severity prediction of RA.
基金funded by the National Key Program for Research and Development (2016YFA0400200)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB23040000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 11773086, U1738205, U1738127, 11673021, 11673047, 11673075, 11643011, 11773085, U1738207, U1738138, U1631111, U1738129 and 11703062)
文摘The Plastic Scintillator Detector(PSD) onboard the DArk Matter Particle Explorer(DAMPE)is designed to measure cosmic ray charge(Z) and to act as a veto detector for gamma ray identification.To fully exploit the charge identification potential of PSD and to enhance its capability to identify gamma ray events, we develop an alignment method for the PSD. The path length of a given track in the volume of a PSD bar is derived taking into account the shift and rotation alignment corrections. By examining energy spectra of corner-passing events and fully contained events, position shifts and rotations of all PSD bars are obtained, and are found to be on average about 1 mm and 0.0015 radian respectively. To validate the alignment method, we introduce artificial shifts and rotations of PSD bars into the detector simulation.These shift and rotation parameters can be recovered successfully by the alignment procedure. As a result of the PSD alignment procedure, the charge resolution of the PSD is improved from 4% to 8%, depending on the nuclei.
基金Supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(1977-11)the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.19677203。
文摘Within the framework of the two-center shell model,the classically dynamical behaviour of a nucleon in heavy nuclei is investigated when nuclear shape parameters are changed systematically.It is found that there is a good quantum-classical correspondence of nucleonic regular(chaotic)motion so that Bohigas,Giannoni and Schmit conjecture is confirmed once again.
